【摘要】：與水生植物能量相關(guān)的性狀指標(biāo)主要有熱值、灰分含量、建成消耗及碳氮元素含量等,研究這些性狀在不同器官之間,不同物種之間(尤其外來入侵種與本地種之間)的差異以及環(huán)境因子對(duì)其的影響,有助于理解水生植物能量的分布及資源分配策略,并探討外來入侵種在能量積累和利用方面是否有特殊優(yōu)勢(shì)。然而關(guān)于梁子湖水生植物的能量相關(guān)研究還比較少見。因此,本文對(duì)梁子湖水生植物常見種的能量特征進(jìn)行了比較分析,并開展了氮添加對(duì)喜旱蓮子草、水龍和粉綠狐尾藻能量特征的影響及不同水體鹽度對(duì)穗花狐尾藻和菹能量特征影響的研究,研究結(jié)果如下:(1)梁子湖水生植物常見種葉的去灰分熱值顯著大于莖和根;不同生活型之間葉的去灰分熱值無顯著差異,有挺水型浮水型沉水型的趨勢(shì)。建成消耗方面,葉的建成消耗顯著大于莖和根;不同生活型之間,葉建成消耗無顯著差異,表現(xiàn)出與去灰分熱值一致的趨勢(shì):挺水型浮水型沉水型�；曳趾勘憩F(xiàn)為根顯著大于葉,不同生活型之間,葉灰分含量有沉水型浮水型挺水型趨勢(shì),且所研究的水生植物平均葉灰分含量高于陸生植物。碳元素含量方面,葉碳含量顯著大于莖和根。沉水型植物除微齒眼子菜葉碳含量較高外,整體碳含量小于其他生活型植物,表現(xiàn)出挺水型浮水型沉水型的規(guī)律。葉的氮含量顯著高于莖和根。建成消耗與去灰分熱值、碳氮元素含量顯著正相關(guān),與灰分含量顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。去灰分熱值與碳氮元素含量顯著正相關(guān),與灰分含量顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。(2)氮添加處理顯著提高了喜旱蓮子草的單位質(zhì)量建成消耗,使其顯著高于水龍和粉綠狐尾藻氮添加處理下的單位質(zhì)量建成消耗;空白對(duì)照下,喜旱蓮子草、水龍和粉綠狐尾藻三種植物的單位質(zhì)量建成消耗無顯著差異。此外,氮添加處理顯著提高了喜旱蓮子草的葉氮含量和相對(duì)生長速率,顯著降低了其葉的碳氮比,即喜旱蓮子草在不同氮處理下表現(xiàn)出良好的表型可塑性,此外,喜旱蓮子草具有較高的建成消耗及光合能力,推測這可能是其成功入侵的一種機(jī)制。粉綠狐尾藻的比葉面積、氮含量及光合相關(guān)指標(biāo)在三種植物中皆為最低,但其具有較低的建成消耗。喜旱蓮子草和水龍?jiān)谧畲髢艄夂纤俾屎妥畲箅娮觽鬏斔俾史矫娼詿o顯著差異。單位質(zhì)量建成消耗和相對(duì)電子傳輸速率分別與葉氮含量呈正相關(guān),相對(duì)電子傳輸速率與比葉面積呈正相關(guān),單位面積建成消耗與比葉面積呈負(fù)相關(guān)。(3)在0.15-3.4‰內(nèi)的不同鹽度條件下,菹草和穗花狐尾藻的去灰分熱值、灰分含量、建成消耗等能量相關(guān)性狀皆無顯著差異。
[Abstract]:The main traits related to aquatic plant energy are calorific value, ash content, build-up consumption, carbon and nitrogen content, and so on. The differences between different species (especially between invasive species and native species) and the impact of environmental factors on them are helpful to understand the energy distribution and resource allocation strategies of aquatic plants. It also discusses whether alien invasive species have special advantages in energy accumulation and utilization. However, energy-related studies on aquatic plants in Lake Liangzi are rare. Therefore, the energy characteristics of common species of aquatic plants in Liangzi Lake were compared and analyzed in this paper, and the effects of nitrogen addition on drought-tolerant lotus seed grass were carried out. The effects of water body salinity on the energy characteristics of Syracocephalus spp and P. crispus were studied. The results were as follows: (1) the calorific value of ash removal in common species and leaves of aquatic plants in Liangzi Lake was significantly higher than that in stems and roots; There was no significant difference in ash removal calorific value among different life forms, but there was a tendency of straight water floating precipitation. The completed consumption of leaves was significantly higher than that of stems and roots, and there was no significant difference in leaf completion consumption among different life forms, showing the same trend as the calorific value of ash removal: the submerged water type with straight water type and floating water type had the same trend as the calorific value of ash removal. The ash content in the leaves was significantly higher than that in the leaves. Among different life forms, the ash content in the leaves had the tendency of submerged floating water type and the average ash content in the leaves of the aquatic plants studied was higher than that of the terrestrial plants, and the average ash content in the leaves of the aquatic plants was higher than that of the terrestrial plants. In terms of carbon content, the carbon content in leaves was significantly higher than that in stems and roots. Except for the higher carbon content in the leaves of cotyledons, the whole carbon content of submerged plants is lower than that of other life-forms plants, which shows the law of floating-water submergence type of straight-water type. The nitrogen content in leaves was significantly higher than that in stems and roots. The built-up consumption was positively correlated with ash removal calorific value and carbon and nitrogen content, and negatively correlated with ash content. The calorific value of ash removal was significantly positively correlated with the content of carbon and nitrogen, and negatively correlated with the content of ash. (2) nitrogen treatment significantly increased the unit mass consumption of lotus seed grass. It was significantly higher than the unit mass completion consumption under the nitrogen addition treatment of Shuilong and Pink-green fox tail algae. Under the blank control, there was no significant difference in the unit mass consumption of three species of plants, namely, lotus seed grass, water dragon and Cyxocephalus fargesii. In addition, the nitrogen addition significantly increased the leaf nitrogen content and relative growth rate of lotus seed grass, and decreased the carbon to nitrogen ratio of its leaves, that is to say, it showed good phenotypic plasticity under different nitrogen treatments, in addition, the leaf nitrogen content and relative growth rate of A. antherifera were significantly increased, and the leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio was significantly decreased under different nitrogen treatments. Lotus seed grass has high completion consumption and photosynthetic capacity, which may be a mechanism of successful invasion. The specific leaf area, nitrogen content and photosynthetic related indexes of Cyxocephalus verticillata were the lowest among the three plants, but they had lower complete consumption. There was no significant difference in the maximum net photosynthetic rate and the maximum electron transport rate between the lotus seed and the water dragon. The consumption per unit mass and the relative electron transport rate were positively correlated with the leaf nitrogen content, and the relative electron transport rate with the specific leaf area, respectively. (3) the calorific value of ash and ash content of Potamogeton crispus and Pterocephalus spp in different salinity range from 0.15 鈥，

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