低溫干旱復合脅迫對黑麥、小黑麥、短芒披堿草幼苗的抗逆性研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-23 13:31
【摘要】：生長在青藏高原自然環(huán)境中的植物常常面臨著多重脅迫,其中低溫和干旱脅迫嚴重影響著植物的生長發(fā)育。本研究以兩個不同品種的黑麥(Secale cereale)奧克隆和冬牧70、小黑麥(Triticale wittmack)1048和3241以及短芒披堿草(Elymus breviaristatus)為試驗材料,通過不同溫度和水分條件控制,模擬低溫與干旱復合脅迫對牧草幼苗的生理生化性能的影響,初步探討其抗寒耐旱生理特性,為今后在西藏深入開展人工草地種植和育種工作提供科學依據(jù)。研究結(jié)果如下:1.從SOD、POD、CAT這三項指標來看,黑麥奧克隆的抗氧化酶系統(tǒng)的保護能力較強。2.低溫、干旱和復合脅迫這三種處理下,冬牧70中丙二醛(MDA)含量較對照組上升的幅度都大于奧克隆,表明冬牧70膜脂過氧化程度大于奧克隆,奧克隆的抗逆性較強。3.與冬牧70相比,奧克隆在低溫、干旱和復合脅迫下其可溶性蛋白(SPRO)含量增加的幅度較小,表明奧克隆牧草自身耐受逆境脅迫的能力較強。綜合上述結(jié)果說明,黑麥奧克隆在低溫、干旱和復合脅迫下其抗逆性強于冬牧70。4.從SOD、POD、CAT這三項指標來看,低溫脅迫下小黑麥1048的抗寒性強于3241;干旱脅迫下小黑麥1048的耐旱能力較強;復合脅迫下小黑麥3241的抗逆性較強。5.在低溫、干旱和復合脅迫下,小黑麥3241幼苗中MDA含量較對照組上升的幅度都遠大于1048,表明小黑麥3241幼苗在三種逆境條件下,其植物細胞的膜脂過氧化程度都大于1048,其在低溫、干旱、復合脅迫下的抗逆性低于1048。6.在低溫或干旱單一脅迫下,小黑麥1048中SPRO含量的增加幅度小于3241的,表明1048自身耐受逆境脅迫的能力較強;而在復合脅迫下,小黑麥1048中SPRO含量的增加幅度大于3241,表明3241對復合脅迫調(diào)控能力更強。7.低溫或干旱單一脅迫對小黑麥3241的傷害程度高于復合脅迫,表明復合脅迫對植物的影響不能認為簡單的疊加效應,因為復合脅迫可能對植物會出現(xiàn)協(xié)同效應或拮抗效應。經(jīng)綜合評價分析,低溫脅迫下小黑麥1048的抗寒性強于3241;干旱脅迫下小黑麥1048的耐旱性強于3241;復合脅迫下兩品種牧草的抗逆性指標各有高低。牧草抗逆性是復雜的調(diào)控過程,因此,今后需從基因調(diào)控和生理過程相結(jié)合來深入研究。8.在復合脅迫下,短芒披堿草的SOD和CAT活性達到最低值,表明復合脅迫對同德短芒披堿草的抗氧化酶系統(tǒng)破壞程度加劇,其抗氧化酶系統(tǒng)對自身的保護能力有一定限度。
[Abstract]:Plants growing in the natural environment of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau often face multiple stresses, in which low temperature and drought stress seriously affect the growth and development of plants. In this study, two different varieties of rye (Secale cereale) OClone and winter grazing 70, triticale (Triticale wittmack) 1048 and 3241, and (Elymus breviaristatus) were used as experimental materials, and were controlled by different temperature and moisture conditions. The effects of cold and drought stress on physiological and biochemical properties of forage seedlings were simulated, and the physiological characteristics of cold and drought tolerance were preliminarily discussed, which provided a scientific basis for the further cultivation and breeding of artificial grassland in Tibet in the future. The results are as follows: 1. According to the three indexes of SOD,POD,CAT, the protective ability of the antioxidation enzyme system of the rye Occron is stronger than that of the other three indexes. Under the three treatments of low temperature, drought and complex stress, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in winter grazing 70 was higher than that in the control group, which indicated that the membrane lipid peroxidation degree of winter grazing 70 was higher than that of olecone, and the resistance of Orclone was stronger. Compared with winter grazing 70, the content of soluble protein (SPRO) increased slightly under low temperature, drought and complex stress, which indicated that Orchon forage had stronger tolerance to stress. The above results indicated that the resistance of rye Orchon was stronger than that of winter grazing under low temperature, drought and complex stress. According to SOD,POD,CAT, the cold resistance of rye 1048 was stronger than that of 3241 under low temperature stress, the drought tolerance of rye 1048 was stronger under drought stress, and that of rye 3241 was stronger than that of triticale 3241 under complex stress. Under low temperature, drought and complex stress, the content of MDA in triticale 3241 seedlings was much higher than that in the control group, which indicated that the membrane lipid peroxidation degree of triticale 3241 seedlings was higher than 1048 under three stress conditions. Its resistance to stress was lower than 1048.6 under low temperature, drought and complex stress. Under the single stress of low temperature or drought, the increase of SPRO content in rye 1048 was less than 3241, which indicated that 1048 had strong tolerance to stress. Under complex stress, the increase of SPRO content in rye 1048 was more than 3241, which indicated that 3241 had stronger regulation ability to compound stress. The damage to rye 3241 caused by single stress of low temperature or drought was higher than that of compound stress, which indicated that the effect of compound stress on plants could not be regarded as a simple superposition effect, because compound stress might have synergistic or antagonistic effects on plants. Through comprehensive evaluation and analysis, the cold resistance of rye 1048 under low temperature stress was stronger than that of triticale 1048 under drought stress, and the drought resistance of rye 1048 was stronger than that of 3241 under drought stress. Forage resistance to stress is a complex regulatory process. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the combination of gene regulation and physiological process in the future. Under complex stress, the activities of SOD and CAT reached the lowest value, which indicated that the antioxidant enzyme system was damaged more seriously under the compound stress, and its antioxidant enzyme system had certain limit to protect itself.
【學位授予單位】：西藏大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q945.78
本文編號：2428881
[Abstract]:Plants growing in the natural environment of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau often face multiple stresses, in which low temperature and drought stress seriously affect the growth and development of plants. In this study, two different varieties of rye (Secale cereale) OClone and winter grazing 70, triticale (Triticale wittmack) 1048 and 3241, and (Elymus breviaristatus) were used as experimental materials, and were controlled by different temperature and moisture conditions. The effects of cold and drought stress on physiological and biochemical properties of forage seedlings were simulated, and the physiological characteristics of cold and drought tolerance were preliminarily discussed, which provided a scientific basis for the further cultivation and breeding of artificial grassland in Tibet in the future. The results are as follows: 1. According to the three indexes of SOD,POD,CAT, the protective ability of the antioxidation enzyme system of the rye Occron is stronger than that of the other three indexes. Under the three treatments of low temperature, drought and complex stress, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in winter grazing 70 was higher than that in the control group, which indicated that the membrane lipid peroxidation degree of winter grazing 70 was higher than that of olecone, and the resistance of Orclone was stronger. Compared with winter grazing 70, the content of soluble protein (SPRO) increased slightly under low temperature, drought and complex stress, which indicated that Orchon forage had stronger tolerance to stress. The above results indicated that the resistance of rye Orchon was stronger than that of winter grazing under low temperature, drought and complex stress. According to SOD,POD,CAT, the cold resistance of rye 1048 was stronger than that of 3241 under low temperature stress, the drought tolerance of rye 1048 was stronger under drought stress, and that of rye 3241 was stronger than that of triticale 3241 under complex stress. Under low temperature, drought and complex stress, the content of MDA in triticale 3241 seedlings was much higher than that in the control group, which indicated that the membrane lipid peroxidation degree of triticale 3241 seedlings was higher than 1048 under three stress conditions. Its resistance to stress was lower than 1048.6 under low temperature, drought and complex stress. Under the single stress of low temperature or drought, the increase of SPRO content in rye 1048 was less than 3241, which indicated that 1048 had strong tolerance to stress. Under complex stress, the increase of SPRO content in rye 1048 was more than 3241, which indicated that 3241 had stronger regulation ability to compound stress. The damage to rye 3241 caused by single stress of low temperature or drought was higher than that of compound stress, which indicated that the effect of compound stress on plants could not be regarded as a simple superposition effect, because compound stress might have synergistic or antagonistic effects on plants. Through comprehensive evaluation and analysis, the cold resistance of rye 1048 under low temperature stress was stronger than that of triticale 1048 under drought stress, and the drought resistance of rye 1048 was stronger than that of 3241 under drought stress. Forage resistance to stress is a complex regulatory process. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the combination of gene regulation and physiological process in the future. Under complex stress, the activities of SOD and CAT reached the lowest value, which indicated that the antioxidant enzyme system was damaged more seriously under the compound stress, and its antioxidant enzyme system had certain limit to protect itself.
【學位授予單位】：西藏大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q945.78
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1 顧曉燕;川西北短芒披堿草自然居群遺傳多樣性分析[D];四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2014年
2 劉新;六份川西北高原短芒披堿草種質(zhì)材料的抗旱性評價[D];四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2014年
3 劉杰;低溫干旱復合脅迫對黑麥、小黑麥、短芒披堿草幼苗的抗逆性研究[D];西藏大學;2017年
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