江淮梅雨鋒上典型中尺度對(duì)流渦旋診斷與模擬
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-13 00:55
【摘要】：2015年6月16日～17日江淮流域發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)持續(xù)性的暴雨。利用FY-2G衛(wèi)星云頂相當(dāng)黑體溫度TBB資料和NCEP 1°×1°的再分析資料進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)此次降水強(qiáng)度與中尺度對(duì)流渦旋MCV(Meso-scale Convective Vortex簡(jiǎn)稱MCV)的增強(qiáng)減弱以及西南急流強(qiáng)度一致,降水主要與MCV有關(guān)。這次MCV的形成與中尺度對(duì)流系統(tǒng)(Meso-scale Convective System簡(jiǎn)稱MCS)的發(fā)生發(fā)展有著密切的關(guān)系。對(duì)流系統(tǒng)有組織的發(fā)展大量潛熱釋放以及低層輻合高層輻散的配置,觸發(fā)MCV。對(duì)本次降雨中的MCV與MCS的關(guān)系和結(jié)構(gòu)特征進(jìn)行分析,表明:MCV從對(duì)流層低層一直伸展到對(duì)流層高層250 hPa,渦度最強(qiáng)中心在對(duì)流層中低層。MCS利于激發(fā)上升氣流,濕Q矢量輻合中心與正渦度中心對(duì)應(yīng),利于熱量和水汽的垂直輸送,加速M(fèi)CV發(fā)展。MCV從初生至成熟階段,中低層的水平平流項(xiàng)基本為負(fù)貢獻(xiàn),水平輻合輻散項(xiàng)決定MCV的形成和發(fā)展。此外,垂直運(yùn)動(dòng)直接影響渦度垂直輸送項(xiàng),從而影響MCV在垂直方向上的發(fā)展。利用WRF模式對(duì)此次過(guò)程進(jìn)行24小時(shí)的模擬,結(jié)果很好的再現(xiàn)了此次暴雨過(guò)程。利用模式輸出的時(shí)空高分辨率資料,對(duì)這次暴雨過(guò)程中MCV各個(gè)階段的結(jié)構(gòu)以及溫度收支進(jìn)行分析。本次降雨在雷達(dá)上表現(xiàn)為一個(gè)典型的"人"字形回波,并與衛(wèi)星云圖上中兩個(gè)中-β尺度的對(duì)流云團(tuán)相對(duì)應(yīng)。形成階段MCV最顯著的結(jié)構(gòu)特征是:對(duì)流層高層不存在反環(huán)流,對(duì)流層底層西南氣流與北邊來(lái)的氣流發(fā)生強(qiáng)烈輻合形成渦旋。MCV底層為冷池,MCV中層500hPa因潛熱釋放存在暖異常,無(wú)輻散層與垂直速度最大值均在550hPa上。MCV在成熟階段的結(jié)構(gòu)最顯著的特征是:對(duì)流層高層200hPa存在反環(huán)流,暖中心依然在500hPa。對(duì)流系統(tǒng)周圍存在兩個(gè)次級(jí)環(huán)流,分別在南邊的600-350hPa,和在北邊700-550hPa。MCV在衰退階段的結(jié)構(gòu):對(duì)流層低層輻合減弱但是依然存在,對(duì)流層中層沒(méi)有明顯的非絕熱加熱中心,對(duì)流層高層大氣處在一種無(wú)序的湍流狀態(tài)。通過(guò)對(duì)整個(gè)過(guò)程溫度收支分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)MCV垂直溫度結(jié)構(gòu)為低空冷異常、高空暖異常,隨著有組織的對(duì)流活動(dòng)減弱,高空的暖異常逐漸減弱,最后只有低空的冷池依然維持。整個(gè)過(guò)程中微物理參數(shù)化方案和積云對(duì)流參數(shù)化方案對(duì)整層大氣起加熱作用,輻射作用在對(duì)流系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的前半段對(duì)大氣主要起冷卻作用,但是后半段對(duì)大氣的溫度的變化沒(méi)有明顯作用。
[Abstract]:From June 16 to 17, 2015, a persistent rainstorm occurred in the Jianghuai River Basin. Using the TBB data of the equivalent blackbody temperature on the top of the FY-2G satellite and the reanalysis data of NCEP 1 擄脳 1 擄, it is found that the intensity of the precipitation is consistent with the enhancement and weakening of the mesoscale convective vortex MCV (Meso-scale Convective Vortex for short MCV) and the intensity of the southwest jet. Precipitation is mainly related to MCV. The formation of MCV is closely related to the occurrence and development of mesoscale convective systems (Meso-scale Convective System MCS). The organized development of convection systems with a large amount of latent heat release and the configuration of low-level convergence and high-level divergence trigger MCV. The relationship and structural characteristics of MCV and MCS in this rainfall are analyzed. The results show that MCV extends from the lower troposphere to the upper troposphere with the strongest vorticity center at the middle and lower troposphere. MCS is helpful to stimulate updraft. The convergence center of wet Q vector corresponds to the center of positive vorticity, which is propitious to the vertical transport of heat and water vapor, and accelerates the development of MCV. The horizontal advection term of MCV is basically a negative contribution from the beginning to the mature stage. Horizontal convergence and divergence term determine the formation and development of MCV. In addition, vertical motion directly affects the vorticity vertical transport term, thus affecting the development of MCV in the vertical direction. The WRF model was used to simulate the process for 24 hours. The structure and temperature budget of MCV in each stage of the rainstorm were analyzed by using the spatio-temporal high resolution data from the model output. The rainfall shows a typical "human" zigzag echo on the radar and corresponds to two meso-尾-scale convective clouds in the satellite cloud image. The most significant structural characteristics of MCV in the formative stage are that there is no reverse circulation in the upper troposphere, strong convergence between the southwest and the north of the lower troposphere, and a cold pool at the bottom of MCV, and a warm anomaly in 500hPa in the middle of MCV due to latent heat release. The structure of MCV in mature stage is characterized by the existence of reverse circulation in the upper troposphere 200hPa, and the warm center is still at 500hPa. There are two secondary circulation around the convective system, 600-350 HPA in the south, and the structure of 700-550hPa.MCV in the north in the recession stage: the convergence of the lower troposphere weakens but still exists, and there is no obvious non-adiabatic heating center in the middle troposphere. The upper troposphere is in a turbulent state. Through the analysis of the temperature budget of the whole process, it is found that the vertical temperature structure of MCV is low altitude cold anomaly and upper air warm anomaly. With the decrease of organized convection activity, the upper air temperature anomaly weakens gradually, and only the low level cold pool is maintained. In the whole process, the microphysical parameterization scheme and cumulus convection parameterization scheme are used to heat the whole atmosphere, and radiation plays a major role in cooling the atmosphere in the first half of the development of the convection system. But the second half has no obvious effect on the temperature change of the atmosphere.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P458.121.1
本文編號(hào)：2420988
[Abstract]:From June 16 to 17, 2015, a persistent rainstorm occurred in the Jianghuai River Basin. Using the TBB data of the equivalent blackbody temperature on the top of the FY-2G satellite and the reanalysis data of NCEP 1 擄脳 1 擄, it is found that the intensity of the precipitation is consistent with the enhancement and weakening of the mesoscale convective vortex MCV (Meso-scale Convective Vortex for short MCV) and the intensity of the southwest jet. Precipitation is mainly related to MCV. The formation of MCV is closely related to the occurrence and development of mesoscale convective systems (Meso-scale Convective System MCS). The organized development of convection systems with a large amount of latent heat release and the configuration of low-level convergence and high-level divergence trigger MCV. The relationship and structural characteristics of MCV and MCS in this rainfall are analyzed. The results show that MCV extends from the lower troposphere to the upper troposphere with the strongest vorticity center at the middle and lower troposphere. MCS is helpful to stimulate updraft. The convergence center of wet Q vector corresponds to the center of positive vorticity, which is propitious to the vertical transport of heat and water vapor, and accelerates the development of MCV. The horizontal advection term of MCV is basically a negative contribution from the beginning to the mature stage. Horizontal convergence and divergence term determine the formation and development of MCV. In addition, vertical motion directly affects the vorticity vertical transport term, thus affecting the development of MCV in the vertical direction. The WRF model was used to simulate the process for 24 hours. The structure and temperature budget of MCV in each stage of the rainstorm were analyzed by using the spatio-temporal high resolution data from the model output. The rainfall shows a typical "human" zigzag echo on the radar and corresponds to two meso-尾-scale convective clouds in the satellite cloud image. The most significant structural characteristics of MCV in the formative stage are that there is no reverse circulation in the upper troposphere, strong convergence between the southwest and the north of the lower troposphere, and a cold pool at the bottom of MCV, and a warm anomaly in 500hPa in the middle of MCV due to latent heat release. The structure of MCV in mature stage is characterized by the existence of reverse circulation in the upper troposphere 200hPa, and the warm center is still at 500hPa. There are two secondary circulation around the convective system, 600-350 HPA in the south, and the structure of 700-550hPa.MCV in the north in the recession stage: the convergence of the lower troposphere weakens but still exists, and there is no obvious non-adiabatic heating center in the middle troposphere. The upper troposphere is in a turbulent state. Through the analysis of the temperature budget of the whole process, it is found that the vertical temperature structure of MCV is low altitude cold anomaly and upper air warm anomaly. With the decrease of organized convection activity, the upper air temperature anomaly weakens gradually, and only the low level cold pool is maintained. In the whole process, the microphysical parameterization scheme and cumulus convection parameterization scheme are used to heat the whole atmosphere, and radiation plays a major role in cooling the atmosphere in the first half of the development of the convection system. But the second half has no obvious effect on the temperature change of the atmosphere.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P458.121.1
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