【摘要】：分子生物學(xué)歷經(jīng)半個(gè)世紀(jì)的輝煌之后,生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)領(lǐng)先發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。從20世紀(jì)下半葉以來,系統(tǒng)科學(xué)和復(fù)雜性科學(xué)在自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域興起,20世紀(jì)末的生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域,以生命復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象的系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)也逐漸興起。本課題從史、論兩方面展開論述,通過考察系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)興起的歷史背景,力圖從歷史中揭示生物學(xué)研究方法的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),為生物學(xué)的發(fā)展指明方向;通過對(duì)系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)及其方法論的研究,有助于深入理解系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)及其研究方法的哲學(xué)內(nèi)涵,對(duì)生物學(xué)融入系統(tǒng)科學(xué)和復(fù)雜性科學(xué)具有重要的理論意義。本文史論并重,采用歷史和邏輯的方法相結(jié)合,考察和論證生物學(xué)研究方法的系統(tǒng)趨向。第一章緒論概述了本課題的研究意義和研究背景。第二章圍繞對(duì)系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)的產(chǎn)生背景和思想根源進(jìn)行歷史考察。先通過考察科學(xué)的整體動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展特征,從歷史的痕跡中探尋和發(fā)現(xiàn)科學(xué)未來的趨勢(shì),為理解新型學(xué)科——系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)及其方法論提供"科學(xué)"的歷史背景;再通過回顧生物學(xué)思想的發(fā)展歷程,厘清生物學(xué)發(fā)展到當(dāng)前的動(dòng)態(tài)過程,還特別梳理了20世紀(jì)中葉以來系統(tǒng)科學(xué)得到發(fā)展時(shí),生物學(xué)仍持續(xù)堅(jiān)持還原論方法發(fā)展的歷史,通過比較分析嘗試回答"為什么孕育系統(tǒng)論思想的生物學(xué)卻還是向還原論方向發(fā)展?";最后,以"一般系統(tǒng)論為什么孕育于生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域,而非物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域?"為導(dǎo)向,通過梳理與系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)密切相關(guān)的"一般系統(tǒng)論"思想淵源,為系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)方法論研究提供思想背景。第三章圍繞系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)及其方法論作論述。首先概述了"系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)"的緣起和基本內(nèi)容。采用特征描述的方法對(duì)系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)作概貌性描述,之后對(duì)"整體性""涌現(xiàn)"等概念作了分析。最后將系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)的方法論與分子生物學(xué)的還原論進(jìn)行比較分析,揭示了系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)的出現(xiàn)是生物學(xué)研究方法系統(tǒng)趨向的外在表現(xiàn)。結(jié)語部分基于歷史視角和方法論視角的考察,闡明了當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)研究方法這種系統(tǒng)趨向,并論述系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)興起的價(jià)值和意義。系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)研究方法在生物學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究應(yīng)用取得了進(jìn)展,一方面有利于推動(dòng)生命科學(xué)研究迅速發(fā)展,促進(jìn)中西醫(yī)學(xué)溝通交流;另一方面,系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)方法論思想會(huì)對(duì)其他學(xué)科的發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)文化等領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生影響。
[Abstract]:After half a century of brilliance in molecular biology, there is a leading trend in the field of systems biology. Since the second half of the 20th century, systems science and complexity science have risen in the field of natural science, and in the field of biology at the end of the 20th century, the system biology which takes the complex system of life as the object of study is also rising gradually. This topic is discussed from the history and two aspects, through investigating the historical background of the rise of system biology, trying to reveal the development trend of the biological research method from the history, pointing out the direction for the development of biology; Through the study of systems biology and its methodology, it is helpful to understand the philosophical connotation of system biology and its research methods, and it is of great theoretical significance for biology to be integrated into systems science and complexity science. In this paper, both historical and logical methods are adopted to investigate and demonstrate the systematic trend of biological research methods. The first chapter summarizes the significance and background of the research. The second chapter focuses on the historical investigation of the background and ideological origin of systems biology. Firstly, by investigating the whole dynamic development characteristics of science, the author explores and finds out the future trend of science from the trace of history, and provides the historical background of "science" for understanding the new subject-system biology and its methodology. Then through reviewing the development course of biological thought, clarifying the current dynamic process of biology development, and especially combing the history of the development of system science since the middle of the 20th century, biology still persisted in the development of reductionism method. Through comparative analysis, the author tries to answer, "Why did biology, which gave birth to the thought of system theory, develop in the direction of reductionism?" Finally, "Why is the general system theory conceived in the field of biology, not in the field of physics?" In order to provide the ideological background for the research of the methodology of systems biology, this paper combs the origin of "general system theory" which is closely related to systems biology. The third chapter focuses on systems biology and its methodology. At first, the origin and basic contents of system biology are summarized. The concept of "wholeness" and "emergence" is analyzed by using the method of feature description to describe the general features of system biology. Finally, by comparing the methodology of systems biology with the reductionism of molecular biology, it is revealed that the emergence of system biology is the external manifestation of the system trend of biological research methods. The conclusion part is based on the historical and methodological perspectives to clarify the current system trend of systems biology research methods and discusses the value and significance of the rise of system biology. The research methods of system biology have made progress in the field of biology and medicine. On the one hand, it is helpful to promote the rapid development of life science research and the communication between Chinese and western medicine. On the other hand, the methodology of systems biology will have an impact on the development of other disciplines, economic, social and cultural fields.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：Q-0

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