【摘要】：隨著通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,人類社會的物質(zhì)文明和精神文明得到高度提高,對現(xiàn)有的信息需求量、傳輸速度有了更高的要求。全光網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展勢在必行,全光網(wǎng)絡(luò)不需要經(jīng)過光-電-光的轉(zhuǎn)換,所有信息的交換與傳輸均是在光域中進行,傳輸效率得到極大的提高,現(xiàn)存的電子瓶頸問題得以解決。微環(huán)諧振腔憑借其體積小、構(gòu)造簡單、性能穩(wěn)定等一系列特點,作為構(gòu)造全光網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)元件。微環(huán)諧振腔具有廣泛的應(yīng)用,比如全光開關(guān)、濾波器、緩存器、光纖傳感等領(lǐng)域,微環(huán)諧振腔已成為當(dāng)下光學(xué)領(lǐng)域熱門的研究對象。本文主要對基于光柵的單環(huán)與雙環(huán)諧振腔兩種結(jié)構(gòu)的快慢光特性和非線性開關(guān)效應(yīng)進行了研究,具體的工作和主要的研究結(jié)果如下:首先,論文對光纖耦合器的工作原理進行了詳細(xì)闡述。原理部分的介紹包括耦合模理論,以及由此推導(dǎo)得出了傳輸矩陣。耦合器作為微環(huán)諧振腔中的重要組成部分,本文接著介紹了微環(huán)諧振腔的結(jié)構(gòu)及其工作原理,重點討論了單環(huán)諧振腔與級聯(lián)雙環(huán)諧振腔兩種基礎(chǔ)模型。根據(jù)耦合器的理論基礎(chǔ)及推導(dǎo)得到的傳輸矩陣方程,本文分析了信號光通過兩種微環(huán)諧振腔結(jié)構(gòu)中的輸出特性。利用理論公式進行推導(dǎo)計算并仿真,分別研究了單環(huán)諧振腔與級聯(lián)雙環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)的輸出信號時延特性、相移特性、透射系數(shù)特性。通過兩個微環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)的輸出特性對比,還研究了微環(huán)個數(shù)的改變對輸出特性的影響。其次,在微環(huán)諧振腔的理論基礎(chǔ)下,本文研究了基于光柵的單環(huán)諧振腔的輸出特性與基于光柵的級聯(lián)雙環(huán)諧振腔的輸出特性,其輸出特性主要從時延特性、相移特性、透射系數(shù)特性三個方面進行分析。在無光柵引入下的單環(huán)諧振腔,信號光從直波導(dǎo)的一端加入,輸出端口有兩個,在諧振點處各個端口有慢光的產(chǎn)生。隨著光柵的引入,單環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)輸出端口的個數(shù)增加,諧振點的位置發(fā)生改變,以及輸入信號所在的直波導(dǎo)的輸出端(直通端)會出現(xiàn)快慢光共存的現(xiàn)象,并且慢光的延時量會變小。由于光柵的透射與反射特性,單環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)由原來的兩個輸出端口增加到各個端口均會有光輸出,且所增加端口的輸出光表現(xiàn)為慢光。光柵的引入會改變各個輸出端口的延時量,相位的變化幅度也會變大�；诠鈻诺募壜�(lián)雙環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)的理論模型是在基于光柵的單環(huán)諧振腔基礎(chǔ)上,在微環(huán)上級聯(lián)一個相同微環(huán)構(gòu)成的。引入光柵后的雙環(huán)諧振腔,相比于無光柵下的級聯(lián)雙環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng),在輸入信號所在的直波導(dǎo)的輸出端同樣會出現(xiàn)輸出快慢光共存的現(xiàn)象,并且慢光的延時量變小。光柵的引入同樣也使得其他所有端口均有光輸出,增加的輸出端口的輸出光表現(xiàn)為慢光。通過光柵的引入,級聯(lián)雙環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)的輸出端口延時量發(fā)生了改變,且各個輸出端口相位變化幅度變小。之后,本文還分析了交叉耦合系數(shù)的變化對級聯(lián)雙環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)傳輸特性的影響,我們得出:交叉耦合系數(shù)的增加,使得引入光柵下的級聯(lián)雙環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)的直通端輸出光的延時量增大,而另外兩個下載端的延時量會變小;各個輸出端口的透射系數(shù)隨交叉耦合系數(shù)變化如下:在交叉耦合系數(shù)變大的情況下,直通端的透射系數(shù)減小,兩個下載端的透射系數(shù)卻增大。同時還發(fā)現(xiàn),交叉耦合系數(shù)的改變對輸出信號相位的影響可忽略不計。最后,本文介紹了基于單環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)的光調(diào)制器模型和基于雙耦合器微環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)的光開關(guān)模型。對于弱信號光,在單環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)上下兩個耦合器耦合系數(shù)相同情況下,無泵浦光加入下,信號光從下載端輸出;在泵浦光加入后,使得直通端也會產(chǎn)生輸出。下載端的透射功率與透射系數(shù)會隨著加入的泵浦光功率的增大而減小,反之,直通端的透射功率和透射系數(shù)會隨著加入泵浦光功率的增大而增大。通過改變泵浦光功率實現(xiàn)下載端與直通端之間功率的轉(zhuǎn)移,實現(xiàn)一種光調(diào)制器結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計。同時,隨著耦合系數(shù)的改變,輸出端口的臨界功率也發(fā)生了改變。接著我們分析了基于雙耦合器微環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)的光開關(guān)模型:在雙耦合器微環(huán)諧振腔系統(tǒng)中,當(dāng)上下兩個耦合器的參數(shù)相同時,信號光完全從下載端透射出去;當(dāng)上下兩個耦合器的反射率完全接近于1且不相等時,此時信號光完全從直通端反射出去。由此我們能夠以調(diào)控上下耦合器的反射率的方式實現(xiàn)一種光開關(guān)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of communication network technology, the material civilization and spiritual civilization of human society have been highly improved. All the information exchange and transmission are carried out in the optical domain, the transmission efficiency is greatly improved, and the existing electronic bottleneck problem is solved. The micro-ring resonator has a series of characteristics such as its small size, simple structure, stable performance and so on. Microring resonator has a wide application, such as full optical switch, filter, buffer, fiber sensing and so on. The micro-ring resonator has become a popular research object in the field of optical field. In this paper, the fast and fast optical characteristics and nonlinear switching effects of two structures of single ring and double ring resonator based on grating are studied. The specific work and main results are as follows: Firstly, the working principle of optical fiber coupler is described in detail. The introduction of the principle part includes the theory of coupled mode and the derivation of the transmission matrix. As an important part of the micro-ring resonator, the structure of the micro-ring resonator and its working principle are introduced in this paper. The two basic models of single-ring resonator and cascade double-ring resonator are discussed. Based on the theory base of coupler and the derived transfer matrix equation, the output characteristics of signal light through two micro-ring resonator structures are analyzed. The time-delay characteristic, phase shift characteristic and transmission coefficient characteristic of the output signal of single-ring resonant cavity and cascade double-ring resonator system are studied. By comparing the output characteristics of the two micro-ring resonator systems, the influence of the change of the number of micro-rings on the output characteristics is also studied. Secondly, based on the theory of the micro-ring resonator, the output characteristics of the single-ring resonant cavity based on the grating and the output characteristics of the cascade double-ring resonator based on the grating are studied. in the single-ring resonant cavity without a grating, the signal light is added at one end of the straight waveguide, and two output ports are respectively provided with slow light generation at each port at the resonance point. With the introduction of the grating, the number of the output ports of the single-ring resonator system increases, the position of the resonance point is changed, and the output end (through-end) of the straight waveguide where the input signal is located, there is a phenomenon that fast and slow light coexist, and the delay amount of the slow light becomes smaller. Due to the transmission and reflection characteristics of the grating, the single-ring resonant cavity system is increased to each port by the original two output ports to have light output, and the output light of the added port is reflected as slow light. the introduction of the grating changes the delay amount of each output port and the amplitude of the phase change will also be large. The theoretical model of cascade double-ring resonator system based on grating is composed of a single ring resonator based on grating, which is composed of the same micro-ring at the upper stage of the micro-ring. Compared with the cascade double-ring resonant cavity system under the non-grating, the double-ring resonant cavity after the grating is introduced, the phenomenon that the output slow light co-exists at the output end of the straight waveguide where the input signal is located is similar, and the delay amount of the slow light becomes small. the introduction of the grating also causes all other ports to have light output and the output light of the increased output port behaves as slow light. Through the introduction of the grating, the delay amount of the output port of the cascade double-ring resonant cavity system is changed, and the phase change amplitude of each output port becomes small. Then, the influence of the cross-coupling coefficient on the transmission characteristics of cascaded dual-loop resonant cavity system is also analyzed. The increase of cross-coupling coefficient is obtained, so that the delay amount of the output light of the straight-through end of the cascade double-loop resonant cavity system under the grating is increased. and the delay amount of the other two downloading terminals becomes smaller; the cross-coupling coefficient of each output port changes with the cross-coupling coefficient as follows: under the condition that the cross-coupling coefficient becomes large, the transmission coefficient of the through-end is reduced, and the transmission coefficient of the two downloading ends is increased. It is also found that the effect of the change of cross-coupling coefficient on the phase of the output signal is negligible. Finally, the optical modulator model based on the single-ring resonator system and the optical switch model based on the two-coupler micro-ring resonator system are introduced in this paper. For weak signal light, the signal light is output from the download end under the same condition that the two coupler coupling coefficients of the single-ring resonant cavity system are the same, and after the pump light is added, the through-end also generates an output. the transmission power and the transmittance coefficient of the download end can be reduced along with the increase of the added pump light power, and conversely, the transmission power and the transmittance coefficient of the through end will increase as the pump light power is added. the design of a light modulator structure is realized by changing the power transfer between the download end and the through-end by changing the pump light power. At the same time, with the change of the coupling coefficient, the critical power of the output port also changes. Then we analyze the optical switch model based on the two-coupler micro-ring resonator system: in the double coupler micro-ring resonator system, when the parameters of the upper and the lower couplers are the same, the signal light is completely transmitted out from the download end; When the reflectivity of the upper and lower couplers is completely close to 1 and not equal, the signal light is reflected completely out of the through-end. As a result, a light switch can be realized in such a manner that the reflectivity of the upper and lower couplers can be adjusted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN929.11;TN25

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本文編號：2305350