【摘要】：月面光照是月球表面演化研究的重要因素之一,影響月球表面的溫度分布,是未來(lái)人類月面活動(dòng)的主要能量來(lái)源,也是決定未來(lái)月面構(gòu)建科研基地位置選擇的重要因素之一。太陽(yáng)輻射是影響月表空間風(fēng)化的重要因素之一,月壤顆粒在經(jīng)受長(zhǎng)期的空間風(fēng)化作用后會(huì)在微觀結(jié)構(gòu)上產(chǎn)生變化,形成月壤的獨(dú)特性質(zhì)。對(duì)月遙感探測(cè)熱發(fā)射譜圖的解譯、研究月球熱演化模型同樣需要月表太陽(yáng)輻射作為重要的分析因素。因此,構(gòu)建全月光照特性分析模型,研究全月和局部地區(qū)的光照特性,是一項(xiàng)非常重要的工作。目前,月球光照特性的研究主要位于月球兩極,缺乏月球中低緯度乃至全月光照特性的研究,月球熱演化研究也缺乏相應(yīng)的光照信息參考,構(gòu)建高分辨率全月光照信息數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是月球科學(xué)研究中亟待解決的問(wèn)題之一。針對(duì)月面光照特性研究不足的問(wèn)題,本文所做的主要工作如下:1.構(gòu)建了不考慮地形的理想情況下的幾何光照模型。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,在某一光照時(shí)刻,太陽(yáng)高度角由直射點(diǎn)向兩極環(huán)狀遞減,均存在南北兩極完全被照射的時(shí)刻;長(zhǎng)期時(shí)間范圍內(nèi),全月光照率在50%-58%之間,正面光照時(shí)長(zhǎng)多于月球背面,高緯度地區(qū)光照率高于中低緯度地區(qū),在緯度88.5°附近最大,光照率變化周期約為19年。2.在現(xiàn)有的兩極光照模型基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改進(jìn),建立了適用于全月的光照模型�；贚OLA地形數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)建了一年的全月光照數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。結(jié)果表明,兩極是光照率變化最大的地區(qū),一年內(nèi)最大光照率為91.69%,存在永久陰影區(qū)。月球正面的月海是中低緯度光照條件較好的地區(qū),而兩極地區(qū)地勢(shì)較高的山脊處擁有良好的光照條件。3.利用改進(jìn)的模型,在充分考慮進(jìn)動(dòng)周期的影響下,對(duì)月球極區(qū)和中低緯度的光照特性進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明:(1)月球兩極均不存在永久光照區(qū),存在永久陰影區(qū),首次給出半個(gè)進(jìn)動(dòng)周期的極區(qū)光照分布。在一個(gè)進(jìn)動(dòng)周期內(nèi),南北兩極的永久陰影區(qū)面積分別為7215km2和1683km2,最優(yōu)點(diǎn)的光照率分別為91.46%和90.98%,最長(zhǎng)連續(xù)陰影時(shí)間分別為4.2天和5.0天,最長(zhǎng)持續(xù)光照時(shí)間分別為231.0天和203.9天。相比之前研究結(jié)果,北極地區(qū)的最大光照率提高1.41%,南極地區(qū)的永久陰影區(qū)面積提高854km2。(2)以Aristarchus高原為代表,對(duì)中低緯度地區(qū)的光照特性進(jìn)行詳細(xì)研究,對(duì)選取典型地貌點(diǎn)的光照變化做了分析。簡(jiǎn)要闡述了Tycho撞擊坑、東海、Marius Hills地區(qū)、雨海和莫斯科海的光照條件,并為著陸區(qū)和月球演化研究位置的選擇提供了建議。本文的研究得到了全月范圍內(nèi)高空間分辨率下的光照率分布,這不僅可以作為今后探月計(jì)劃著陸點(diǎn)選擇、科學(xué)目標(biāo)制定以及工程設(shè)計(jì)的依據(jù),也為未來(lái)月球熱演化研究提供了光照數(shù)據(jù)參考。
[Abstract]:Lunar surface illumination is one of the important factors in the research of lunar surface evolution. The temperature distribution of the lunar surface is the main energy source of the future human lunar surface activity, and it is also one of the important factors to decide the location of the future lunar surface construction research base. Solar radiation is one of the important factors that affect the spatial weathering of lunar surface. After long-term spatial weathering, lunar soil particles will change in microstructure and form the unique properties of lunar soil. For the interpretation of the thermal emission spectrum of lunar remote sensing exploration, the study of lunar thermal evolution model also needs the solar radiation of the lunar surface as an important analytical factor. Therefore, it is very important to construct an analytical model of the characteristics of full moon illumination and study the illumination characteristics of the whole moon and local areas. At present, the study of lunar illumination is mainly located at the polar pole of the moon, lacking the study of the moon's mid-latitude and even full-moon illumination characteristics, and the study of the lunar thermal evolution is also lack of the corresponding illumination information reference. It is one of the problems to be solved urgently in lunar scientific research to construct high-resolution full-moon light information database. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. A geometric illumination model without considering terrain is constructed. The calculated results show that at a certain time of illumination, the solar height angle decreases from the direct point to the polar circle, and there is a time when the north and south poles are completely illuminated, and in the long time range, the total moonlight illumination ratio is between 50% and 58%. The duration of positive illumination is longer than that of moon backside, and the illumination rate in high latitude is higher than that in middle and low latitude, and it is the largest at latitude 88.5 擄, and the period of illumination rate variation is about 19 years. Based on the existing two-pole illumination model, the illumination model for the whole moon is established. Based on LOLA topographic data, a full-moon-based database is created for one year. The results show that the maximum illumination rate in one year is 91.69 and there is a permanent shadow region. The lunar sea on the front of the moon is an area with better illumination conditions at the middle and low latitudes, while the ridge with a higher topography in the polar region has a good illumination condition. Based on the improved model, the illumination characteristics of the lunar polar region and the middle and low latitudes are studied with the full consideration of the precession period. The results show that: (1) there is no permanent illumination region at the two poles of the moon, and there is a permanent shadow region. For the first time, the illumination distribution in the polar region of the half-precession period is given. In a precession period, the area of permanent shadow area at the north and south poles is 7215km2 and 1683km2, respectively. The optimum illumination rate is 91.46% and 90.98%, respectively. The longest continuous shadow time is 4.2 days and 5.0 days, and the longest continuous illumination time is 231.0 days and 203.9 days, respectively. Compared with previous studies, the maximum illumination rate in the Arctic region is increased by 1.41%, and the area of the permanent shadow area in the Antarctic region is increased by 854 km2. (2) the illumination characteristics of the middle and low latitudes are studied in detail, as represented by the Aristarchus Plateau. The illumination variation of typical landforms is analyzed. The illumination conditions of the Tycho impact crater, the Marius Hills area of the East China Sea, the Rain Sea and the Moscow Sea are briefly described, and suggestions are provided for the selection of the landing area and the location of the lunar evolution. In this paper, the distribution of illumination rate at high spatial resolution in the whole moon range is obtained, which can not only be used as the basis for the selection of landing sites for the lunar exploration plan, the formulation of scientific targets and the engineering design in the future. It also provides a reference for the future study of lunar thermal evolution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P184.5

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