【摘要】：淡水資源已經(jīng)成為國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不可或缺的重要資源。隨著經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展,人們對于淡水資源的需求也越來越大。為了有效地解決沿海地區(qū)用水短缺的問題,海水淡化已經(jīng)成為最為有效的方法之一。反滲透海水淡化是海水淡化技術(shù)中比較典型的、應(yīng)用比較多的一種技術(shù)。反滲透海水淡化系統(tǒng)(Seawater reverse Osmosis,SWRO)是由反滲透膜、高壓泵和能量回收裝置等核心設(shè)備組成的。隨著整個淡化系統(tǒng)規(guī)模的不斷擴大,節(jié)能降耗成為海水淡化廠的首要任務(wù)。對整個海水淡化系統(tǒng)進行優(yōu)化調(diào)度,制定合理的制水計劃可以有效降低海水淡化制水成本,提升企業(yè)競爭力。本文主要研究了用水預(yù)測誤差和產(chǎn)水機組隨機故障下的優(yōu)化調(diào)度問題。研究成果如下:(1)給出了典型反滲透海水淡化系統(tǒng)工藝流程;闡述了反滲透海水淡化反滲透膜組件工作原理并建立了其運行時單元模型;對反滲透海水淡化運行費用進行了分析,建立其費用目標(biāo)函數(shù)并給出了約束條件。通過海德能反滲透設(shè)計模擬軟件研究了進水溫度、給水含鹽量、能量回收率等不確定因素對操作費用的影響。(2)介紹了用水量預(yù)測基本原則和步驟,指出了用水量的趨勢性和周期性,分析了影響用水量的因素。建立了3種用水量預(yù)測模型,并通過評價指標(biāo)說明了組合模型具有更好的預(yù)測準(zhǔn)確性,為優(yōu)化調(diào)度提供準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測數(shù)據(jù)。(3)研究了用水量預(yù)測誤差和機組隨機故障對系統(tǒng)操作費用的影響,建立了其機會約束規(guī)劃模型,并采用蒙特卡羅隨機模擬技術(shù)嵌入微粒子群算法對模型進行求解,仿真結(jié)果表明該算法可以較好地解決本文所涉及的模型;同時研究了慣性權(quán)重因子對于求解模型性能的影響和不同機組保養(yǎng)計劃對優(yōu)化調(diào)度的影響;最后將冗余技術(shù)和隨機模擬技術(shù)處理微小變量的效果進行了比較,結(jié)果表明隨機模擬技術(shù)在處理結(jié)果上優(yōu)于冗余技術(shù),在求解時間上比冗余技術(shù)差。(4)在優(yōu)化調(diào)度的理論基礎(chǔ)下,設(shè)計開發(fā)了大型反滲透海水淡化系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化調(diào)度軟件。該監(jiān)控軟件由用水預(yù)測模塊、設(shè)備維保模塊和優(yōu)化運行調(diào)度模塊組成。介紹了該監(jiān)控軟件的設(shè)計過程。最后對文章進行了總結(jié),并指出了有待研究的幾個問題。
[Abstract]:Freshwater resources have become an indispensable and important resource for the development of national economy. With the rapid development of economy, people's demand for fresh water resources is also increasing. Seawater desalination has become one of the most effective methods to solve the problem of water shortage in coastal areas. Reverse osmosis seawater desalination is a typical and widely used seawater desalination technology. The Seawater reverse desalination system is composed of reverse osmosis membrane, high pressure pump and energy recovery device. With the expansion of the whole desalination system, saving energy and reducing consumption becomes the primary task of seawater desalination plant. The optimal operation of the whole desalination system and the establishment of reasonable water preparation plan can effectively reduce the cost of seawater desalination and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. In this paper, the optimal scheduling problem of water prediction error and random fault of water generating unit is studied. The research results are as follows: (1) the typical reverse osmosis seawater desalination system process flow is given, the working principle of reverse osmosis seawater desalination membrane module is expounded and its operating time unit model is established, and the operation cost of reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is analyzed. The cost objective function is established and the constraint conditions are given. The influence of uncertain factors such as inlet temperature, salt content in feed water and energy recovery on operating cost is studied by using Hyde reverse osmosis design software. (2) the basic principles and steps of water consumption prediction are introduced. The trend and periodicity of water consumption are pointed out, and the factors affecting water consumption are analyzed. Three kinds of water consumption forecasting models are established, and the combined model is proved to be more accurate by evaluating indexes. In order to provide accurate prediction data for optimal scheduling. (3) the influence of water consumption prediction error and unit random fault on operating cost of the system is studied, and the chance constrained programming model is established. Monte Carlo stochastic simulation technique is used to solve the model. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can solve the model well. At the same time, the influence of inertial weight factor on the performance of the model and the influence of different maintenance plans on optimal scheduling are studied. Finally, the effects of redundancy and stochastic simulation on the treatment of small variables are compared. The results show that the stochastic simulation technique is superior to the redundancy technique in processing results, and the solution time is worse than the redundancy technique. (4) based on the theory of optimal scheduling, the optimal scheduling software for large-scale reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is designed and developed. The monitoring software consists of water prediction module, equipment maintenance module and optimal operation scheduling module. The design process of the monitoring software is introduced. Finally, the article is summarized and some problems to be studied are pointed out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P747

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本文編號：2121822