【摘要】：淡水資源已經(jīng)成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不可或缺的重要資源。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,人們對(duì)于淡水資源的需求也越來越大。為了有效地解決沿海地區(qū)用水短缺的問題,海水淡化已經(jīng)成為最為有效的方法之一。反滲透海水淡化是海水淡化技術(shù)中比較典型的、應(yīng)用比較多的一種技術(shù)。反滲透海水淡化系統(tǒng)(Seawater reverse Osmosis,SWRO)是由反滲透膜、高壓泵和能量回收裝置等核心設(shè)備組成的。隨著整個(gè)淡化系統(tǒng)規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,節(jié)能降耗成為海水淡化廠的首要任務(wù)。對(duì)整個(gè)海水淡化系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化調(diào)度,制定合理的制水計(jì)劃可以有效降低海水淡化制水成本,提升企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。本文主要研究了用水預(yù)測(cè)誤差和產(chǎn)水機(jī)組隨機(jī)故障下的優(yōu)化調(diào)度問題。研究成果如下:(1)給出了典型反滲透海水淡化系統(tǒng)工藝流程;闡述了反滲透海水淡化反滲透膜組件工作原理并建立了其運(yùn)行時(shí)單元模型;對(duì)反滲透海水淡化運(yùn)行費(fèi)用進(jìn)行了分析,建立其費(fèi)用目標(biāo)函數(shù)并給出了約束條件。通過海德能反滲透設(shè)計(jì)模擬軟件研究了進(jìn)水溫度、給水含鹽量、能量回收率等不確定因素對(duì)操作費(fèi)用的影響。(2)介紹了用水量預(yù)測(cè)基本原則和步驟,指出了用水量的趨勢(shì)性和周期性,分析了影響用水量的因素。建立了3種用水量預(yù)測(cè)模型,并通過評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)說明了組合模型具有更好的預(yù)測(cè)準(zhǔn)確性,為優(yōu)化調(diào)度提供準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)。(3)研究了用水量預(yù)測(cè)誤差和機(jī)組隨機(jī)故障對(duì)系統(tǒng)操作費(fèi)用的影響,建立了其機(jī)會(huì)約束規(guī)劃模型,并采用蒙特卡羅隨機(jī)模擬技術(shù)嵌入微粒子群算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解,仿真結(jié)果表明該算法可以較好地解決本文所涉及的模型;同時(shí)研究了慣性權(quán)重因子對(duì)于求解模型性能的影響和不同機(jī)組保養(yǎng)計(jì)劃對(duì)優(yōu)化調(diào)度的影響;最后將冗余技術(shù)和隨機(jī)模擬技術(shù)處理微小變量的效果進(jìn)行了比較,結(jié)果表明隨機(jī)模擬技術(shù)在處理結(jié)果上優(yōu)于冗余技術(shù),在求解時(shí)間上比冗余技術(shù)差。(4)在優(yōu)化調(diào)度的理論基礎(chǔ)下,設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了大型反滲透海水淡化系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化調(diào)度軟件。該監(jiān)控軟件由用水預(yù)測(cè)模塊、設(shè)備維保模塊和優(yōu)化運(yùn)行調(diào)度模塊組成。介紹了該監(jiān)控軟件的設(shè)計(jì)過程。最后對(duì)文章進(jìn)行了總結(jié),并指出了有待研究的幾個(gè)問題。
[Abstract]:Freshwater resources have become an indispensable and important resource for the development of national economy. With the rapid development of economy, people's demand for fresh water resources is also increasing. Seawater desalination has become one of the most effective methods to solve the problem of water shortage in coastal areas. Reverse osmosis seawater desalination is a typical and widely used seawater desalination technology. The Seawater reverse desalination system is composed of reverse osmosis membrane, high pressure pump and energy recovery device. With the expansion of the whole desalination system, saving energy and reducing consumption becomes the primary task of seawater desalination plant. The optimal operation of the whole desalination system and the establishment of reasonable water preparation plan can effectively reduce the cost of seawater desalination and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. In this paper, the optimal scheduling problem of water prediction error and random fault of water generating unit is studied. The research results are as follows: (1) the typical reverse osmosis seawater desalination system process flow is given, the working principle of reverse osmosis seawater desalination membrane module is expounded and its operating time unit model is established, and the operation cost of reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is analyzed. The cost objective function is established and the constraint conditions are given. The influence of uncertain factors such as inlet temperature, salt content in feed water and energy recovery on operating cost is studied by using Hyde reverse osmosis design software. (2) the basic principles and steps of water consumption prediction are introduced. The trend and periodicity of water consumption are pointed out, and the factors affecting water consumption are analyzed. Three kinds of water consumption forecasting models are established, and the combined model is proved to be more accurate by evaluating indexes. In order to provide accurate prediction data for optimal scheduling. (3) the influence of water consumption prediction error and unit random fault on operating cost of the system is studied, and the chance constrained programming model is established. Monte Carlo stochastic simulation technique is used to solve the model. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can solve the model well. At the same time, the influence of inertial weight factor on the performance of the model and the influence of different maintenance plans on optimal scheduling are studied. Finally, the effects of redundancy and stochastic simulation on the treatment of small variables are compared. The results show that the stochastic simulation technique is superior to the redundancy technique in processing results, and the solution time is worse than the redundancy technique. (4) based on the theory of optimal scheduling, the optimal scheduling software for large-scale reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is designed and developed. The monitoring software consists of water prediction module, equipment maintenance module and optimal operation scheduling module. The design process of the monitoring software is introduced. Finally, the article is summarized and some problems to be studied are pointed out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P747

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本文編號(hào)：2121822