本文選題：手指摩擦 + 試驗裝置　； 參考：《西南交通大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：手指觸摸行為是人類認知外界事物的重要方式之一,通過手指在物體上沿著不同方向滑動來感知物體表面的紋理、材質(zhì)、溫濕度等信息。生活中隨處可見人類的觸摸、抓握行為:使用鍵盤鼠標、餐具、廚具;打開瓶蓋、打開食品包裝、進行體育運動;駕駛車輛等。近年來,手指接觸摩擦行為得到了廣泛的研究,然而,鑒于手指特殊的生理結(jié)構(gòu)以及表面皮膚復雜的力學特性以及影響這一接觸摩擦行為的因素眾多,致使手指接觸摩擦的試驗、仿真研究的困難性,到目前為止手指接觸摩擦機理未被深刻認知。因此,設(shè)計新型摩擦試驗裝置,來提高手指接觸摩擦試驗的穩(wěn)定性和重復性,對深入認知手指接觸摩擦機理具有重要意義,同時,為生產(chǎn)生活產(chǎn)品的表面設(shè)計提供更多的試驗依據(jù)。在本研究中,為了有效地克服手指接觸摩擦試驗中法向力、接觸摩擦角度難以控制的問題,設(shè)計出一種新型手指接觸摩擦試驗裝置,極大提高了手指接觸摩擦試驗的可靠性,從而能更準確地考察各種因素對手指接觸摩擦學行為的影響。本論文中試驗選用鋁合金樣品作為對磨副,采用砂紙打磨的方法在樣品表面加工出一定間距的紋理織構(gòu)。通過改變手指和樣品表面接觸摩擦過程中粗糙度、法向力、接觸角度的大小,來考察不同滑動方向下摩擦力、法向力、摩擦系數(shù)、振動加速度的頻率變化規(guī)律。主要結(jié)論如下:1、研制的新型手指接觸摩擦試驗裝置結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、加工方便。該新型試驗裝置中的手指托架和加載裝置可以很好地控制法向力和接觸角度等因素,在手指接觸摩擦試驗中所測量的法向力和摩擦力曲線在很小的范圍內(nèi)波動,從而提高了試驗的穩(wěn)定性與可靠性;2、手指在不同的相對滑動方向下滑動時,隨著粗糙度和法向力的增加,手指接觸摩擦摩擦系數(shù)逐漸降低。隨著接觸角度的增加,接觸摩擦區(qū)域由指腹部位過渡到指尖部位,摩擦系數(shù)先降低后增加。3、在某一滑動方向下,皮膚上的指紋受到拉伸時,指紋紋理間的間距增大,導致指紋紋理與樣品表面微凸體"嚙合"地更加充分使得實際接觸面積增加,則摩擦系數(shù)增加。反之當指紋受到擠壓時,指紋向滑動方向進行堆積使得指尖皮膚變得更加平滑。導致皮膚與樣品的實際接觸面積下降,則摩擦系數(shù)降低。在同一個滑動方向下相對滑動時,指腹指紋的變形狀況與指尖處指紋變形狀況相反。4、手指和樣品相對滑動時,由于指紋的存在,相當于兩織構(gòu)間的運動,振動的頻率主要由紋理間距較小的織構(gòu)所決定。隨著樣品粗糙度的降低,不同的滑動方向下手指摩擦振動的頻率逐漸增加。當指紋被擠壓堆積時皮膚表面紋理變得密集,反之紋理變得稀疏。在相同的試驗條件下,密集處接觸摩擦時振動頻率大于稀疏處的頻率。
[Abstract]:Finger touch behavior is one of the most important ways for human beings to recognize the outside world. The fingers move along different directions to perceive the texture, material, temperature and humidity of the surface of the object. Life is full of human touch, grasping behavior: use keyboard, mouse, tableware, kitchen utensils; open bottle cap, open food packaging, sports, driving vehicles, etc. In recent years, finger contact friction behavior has been widely studied. However, in view of the special physiological structure of the finger, the complex mechanical properties of the surface skin and the factors affecting the contact friction behavior, So far, the mechanism of finger contact friction has not been deeply understood. Therefore, the design of a new friction test device to improve the stability and repeatability of the finger contact friction test is of great significance to deeply understand the mechanism of finger contact friction, and at the same time, For the production of life products surface design to provide more experimental basis. In this study, in order to effectively overcome the problem of the normal force and the uncontrollable contact angle in the finger contact friction test, a new type of finger contact friction test device is designed, which greatly improves the reliability of the finger contact friction test. Thus, the influence of various factors on the tribological behavior of finger contact can be investigated more accurately. In this paper, aluminum alloy samples were selected as pairs of grinding, and textured texture with certain spacing was obtained by sandpaper grinding method on the surface of the samples. By changing the roughness, normal force and contact angle in the contact friction process between finger and sample, the frequency variation of friction force, normal force, friction coefficient and vibration acceleration in different sliding directions were investigated. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The developed new finger contact friction test device is simple in structure and convenient in processing. The normal force and contact angle can be well controlled by the finger bracket and loading device. The normal force and friction curves measured in the finger contact friction test fluctuate in a very small range. Thus, the stability and reliability of the experiment are improved. When the fingers slide in different relative sliding directions, the friction coefficient of fingers decreases with the increase of roughness and normal force. With the increase of contact angle, the contact friction region changes from the ventral part of the finger to the tip of the finger, and the friction coefficient decreases first and then increases by .3. in a certain sliding direction, when the fingerprint on the skin is stretched, the distance between the fingerprint textures increases. As a result, the contact area between the fingerprint texture and the micro-convex body on the surface of the sample is more fully increased, and the friction coefficient increases when the actual contact area is increased. On the other hand, when the fingerprint is squeezed, the finger skin becomes smoother when the fingerprint accumulates in the sliding direction. The friction coefficient decreases when the actual contact area between the skin and the sample decreases. When relative sliding in the same sliding direction, the deformation of finger fingerprint is opposite to that of finger tip. When finger and sample slip, the existence of fingerprint is equivalent to the movement between two textures. The frequency of vibration is mainly determined by texture with small texture spacing. With the decrease of sample roughness, the frequency of finger friction vibration increases with different sliding directions. When the fingerprint is pressed and piled, the skin surface texture becomes dense, whereas the texture becomes sparse. Under the same experimental conditions, the vibration frequency of contact friction is greater than that of sparsity.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O313.5

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