本文選題：長江口 + 細(xì)菌多樣性��； 參考：《浙江海洋大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文采用DAPI染色計(jì)數(shù)、構(gòu)建細(xì)菌克隆文庫和高通量測序技術(shù)等方法,對(duì)長江口及鄰近海域表層海水中的細(xì)菌豐度、群落結(jié)構(gòu)組成及時(shí)空分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究,并同時(shí)監(jiān)測相應(yīng)的環(huán)境指標(biāo),分析了細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)變化與環(huán)境因子的關(guān)系。首先,通過DAPI染色計(jì)數(shù)和克隆文庫法研究長江口及鄰近海域大面站10個(gè)站點(diǎn)表層海水中的細(xì)菌。結(jié)果顯示長江口及鄰近海域表層海水中細(xì)菌豐度總體較高,但生物量變化較大,總體趨勢從長江口向外海增加。細(xì)菌克隆文庫分析表明:共發(fā)現(xiàn)11個(gè)細(xì)菌門類,分別為變形菌門、擬桿菌門、放線菌門、藍(lán)細(xì)菌門、厚壁菌門、綠彎菌門、酸桿菌門、浮霉菌門、疣微菌門、纖維桿菌門和柔膜菌門,其中變形菌門為主要優(yōu)勢類群(60.61%),其次是擬桿菌門(15.18%)和放線菌門(14.79%),另外柔膜菌門和SAR類群在研究海域中比較少見。MDS和聚類分析將10個(gè)采樣點(diǎn)的細(xì)菌群落組成分為6類。RDA分析表明TP、DO、pH和TSP是影響浮游細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)的主要環(huán)境因子。多樣性分析結(jié)果顯示長江口及鄰近海域部分站點(diǎn)中細(xì)菌多樣性顯著,與研究海域水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖活動(dòng)有關(guān),并受到區(qū)域洋流和海洋化學(xué)環(huán)境(如低氧帶)的影響。從長江口及鄰近海域D03連續(xù)站采集9個(gè)表層海水樣品,通過DAPI染色計(jì)數(shù)和高通量測序的方法,對(duì)樣品中細(xì)菌豐度和群落結(jié)構(gòu)的晝夜變化進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明海水中細(xì)菌豐度總體較高,但呈現(xiàn)出白天稍高于夜間的現(xiàn)象,pH和PO43-是細(xì)菌豐度晝夜變化的重要影響因子。本次共發(fā)現(xiàn)28個(gè)門類的細(xì)菌,主要包括變形菌門、擬桿菌門、放線菌門、藍(lán)細(xì)菌門、SAR406、疣微菌門、柔膜菌門、綠彎菌門、酸桿菌門和一些豐度極低的類群,其中變形菌門是各樣品的優(yōu)勢類群,其次為擬桿菌門和放線菌門。各細(xì)菌類群在晝夜波動(dòng)下的變化趨勢不同,影響細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)變化的因素主要有潮汐、光照、營養(yǎng)鹽、浮游動(dòng)物的攝食和病毒的裂解等。這些研究結(jié)果充分說明了長江口海域表層海水中具有較高的細(xì)菌多樣性水平,細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)隨晝夜周期的變化規(guī)律及影響因素十分復(fù)雜。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the bacterial abundance, community structure and temporal and spatial distribution in the surface water of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters were studied by means of DAPI staining counting, bacterial clone library construction and high-throughput sequencing techniques. At the same time, the relationship between the change of bacterial community structure and environmental factors was analyzed. First, the bacteria in the surface water of 10 stations in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent waters were studied by DAPI staining counting and clone library method. The results showed that the abundance of bacteria in the surface water of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters was higher, but the biomass changed greatly, and the general trend increased from the Changjiang Estuary to the offshore sea. The analysis of bacterial clone library showed that there were 11 kinds of bacteria, namely Proteus, Bacteroides, Actinomycetes, Cyanophyta, Thinacea, Chlorophyta, Acidobacterium, floatula, Verruca, Microphylum. Phylum cellulosus and phylum pilosum, Proteus was the main dominant group (60.61%), followed by Bacteroides (15.18%) and Actinomycetes (14.79%). Class. RDA analysis showed that TP DOA pH and tsp were the main environmental factors affecting the phytoplankton community structure. The results of diversity analysis show that the diversity of bacteria in the Yangtze Estuary and some stations in the adjacent sea area is significant, which is related to the aquaculture activities in the study area and is affected by the regional ocean currents and marine chemical environment (such as the hypoxic zone). Nine surface sea water samples were collected from D03 continuous station in Changjiang Estuary and adjacent waters. The diurnal variation of bacterial abundance and community structure in the samples were studied by DAPI staining counting and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the bacterial abundance in seawater was higher than that in night, but pH and PO43- were important factors influencing the diurnal variation of bacterial abundance. A total of 28 species of bacteria were found, including Proteus, Bacteroides, Actinomycetes, Cyanobacterium SAR406, Microphylum verruca, phylum flexnerosa, Chlorophyta, Bacillus acidosa, and some very low abundance groups. The phylum Proteus was the dominant group of the samples, followed by Bacteroides and Actinomycetes. The variation trend of bacteria groups was different under the fluctuation of day and night. The main factors influencing the change of bacterial community structure were tidal light nutrient salt zooplankton feeding and virus cracking. These results fully show that there is a high level of bacterial diversity in the surface seawater of the Yangtze Estuary, and the variation of bacterial community structure with the circadian cycle and the influencing factors are very complex.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：Q938.8

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