本文選題：塔克拉瑪干沙漠 + 人工綠地��； 參考：《新疆師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文利用塔克拉瑪干沙漠腹地塔中大氣環(huán)境觀測試驗(yàn)站2014年5月至2014年9月地表輻射觀測資料和2013年5月至6月的三維風(fēng)速、溫度和水汽脈動(dòng)資料,運(yùn)用渦旋相關(guān)計(jì)算法得出了塔中人工綠地與自然沙面感熱通量、潛熱通量,分析了塔中人工綠地與自然沙面以及典型天氣條件下輻射分量的特征差異,得出以下主要結(jié)論:(1)塔中人工綠地與自然沙面輻射平衡各分量在夜間出現(xiàn)最小值,各分量最大值出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間不一致,最大值一般出現(xiàn)在地方時(shí)正午前后,總輻射和反射輻射在12:00出現(xiàn)最大值,長波輻射日峰值出現(xiàn)時(shí)間比短波輻射滯后1~3h,大氣長波輻射日變化振幅較小,地面長波輻射日變化為不對(duì)稱分布。(2)晴天,人工綠地與自然沙面總輻射以及凈輻射變化較小,自然沙面總輻射高于人工綠地;陰天,凈輻射有明顯的減弱趨勢(shì),人工綠地大氣長波輻射有所增加,地面長波輻射、總輻射和凈輻射減小,其中總輻射和凈輻射相比較,由于受總輻射的影響,凈輻射減弱程度小于總輻射;在沙塵暴天氣條件下,輻射各分量受沙塵影響,變化幅度與晴天和陰天相比較,變化幅度較大,日變化不規(guī)則,人工綠地和自然沙面總輻射減弱。(3)不同高度輻射各分量變化有明顯的差別,總輻射總體呈現(xiàn)出單峰對(duì)稱趨勢(shì),晴天總輻射最大,沙塵暴天氣下80m總輻射高于1.5m總輻射,反射輻射與總輻射變化趨勢(shì)相似,大氣長波輻射變化趨勢(shì)不穩(wěn)定,日出之前出現(xiàn)最小值,日出之后緩慢增加,在中午前后達(dá)到最大,之后減小,地面長波輻射變化較大,不同天氣條件下1.5m地面長波輻射大于80m地面長波輻射,凈輻射在晴天時(shí)值最大,總體80m凈輻射大于1.5m凈輻射。(4)感熱輸送是塔中人工綠地與自然沙面地表熱量輸送的主要方式,人工綠地變化范圍160-220W·m-2,自然沙面變化范圍170-270W·m-2,自然沙面感熱通量高于人工綠地,并且變化幅度較大,感熱通量6時(shí)之前為負(fù)值,之后出現(xiàn)正值,19時(shí)左右變?yōu)樨?fù)值,即它的符號(hào)改變出現(xiàn)在日出、日落前后。(5)人工綠地與自然沙面潛熱通量相比,人工綠地潛熱通量高于自然沙面,自然沙面變化范圍10-80W·m-2,人工綠地變化范圍30-80W·m-2,并且自然沙面潛熱通量的變化幅度較大。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the observational data of surface radiation from May 2014 to September 2014 and three dimensional wind speed, temperature and water vapor pulsation data from May 2014 to September 2014 in Tazhong Experimental Station in the hinterland of Taklamakan Desert are used. The sensible heat flux and latent heat flux of artificial green space and natural sand surface in tower are obtained by using vortex correlation method. The characteristic differences of radiation components between artificial green space and natural sand surface in tower and typical weather conditions are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in the tower, the minimum value of each component of the radiation balance between artificial green space and natural sand surface appears at night, and the time when the maximum value of each component appears is not the same, and the maximum value generally appears around noon of local time. The maximum of total radiation and reflection radiation appeared at 12:00, the time of daily peak of long-wave radiation was 1 ~ 3 h behind that of short-wave radiation, the amplitude of diurnal variation of atmospheric long-wave radiation was smaller, and the diurnal variation of surface long-wave radiation was asymmetric distribution. The total radiation and net radiation of artificial green space and natural sand surface are small, the total radiation of natural sand surface is higher than that of artificial green land, the net radiation of artificial green space has obvious weakening trend, the atmospheric long wave radiation of artificial green space has increased, and the surface long wave radiation has been increased. Total radiation and net radiation decrease, in which total radiation and net radiation decrease less than total radiation because of the effect of total radiation; in sandstorm weather, each component of radiation is affected by sand dust, Compared with sunny and overcast days, the variation range is larger, the diurnal variation is irregular, the total radiation of artificial green space and natural sand surface is weakened. The total radiation of 80 m is higher than 1.5 m in the weather of sandstorm, the change trend of reflection radiation is similar to that of total radiation, the change trend of atmospheric long wave radiation is unstable, the minimum value appears before sunrise, and it increases slowly after sunrise. The radiation of long wave of 1.5 m is larger than that of 80 m in different weather conditions, and the net radiation is the largest in sunny days. The total net radiation of 80 m is greater than 1.5 m net radiation. The sensible heat transfer is the main way of heat transfer between artificial green space and natural sand surface. The range of change of artificial green space is 160-220W m-2, and the range of natural sand surface is 170-270W m-2. The sensible heat flux of natural sand surface is higher than that of artificial green land. The sensible heat flux is negative before 6, then positive, and becomes negative around 19:00, that is, its symbol changes before sunrise, before sunset, before and after sunset) the latent heat flux of artificial green land is compared with that of natural sand surface. The latent heat flux of artificial green land is higher than that of natural sand surface. The range of change of natural sand surface is 10-80W m ~ (-2) and that of artificial green land is 30-80W m ~ (-2), and the change range of natural sand surface latent heat flux is larger.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P422.4

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