本文選題：實測 + 風(fēng)速　； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著超高層建筑、大跨度屋蓋等風(fēng)敏感結(jié)構(gòu)的增多,關(guān)于結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)荷載特性及其風(fēng)致效應(yīng)的研究越來越重要,其中,大氣邊界層內(nèi)風(fēng)場特性是該類結(jié)構(gòu)抗風(fēng)性能研究的基礎(chǔ)。大氣穩(wěn)定度、地貌類別是影響大氣運動的最主要因素,由于城市熱島效應(yīng),使得大都市熱對流、地表下墊面等大氣條件與理想狀態(tài)存在較大差異,確定大都市的風(fēng)場特性,首先要對其大氣穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行研究。本文利用北京325m氣象觀測塔11臺超聲風(fēng)速儀在2013—2015年間連續(xù)采集得到的風(fēng)溫數(shù)據(jù),對北京城區(qū)大氣穩(wěn)定度的統(tǒng)計特征進(jìn)行了研究,為進(jìn)一步確定北京地區(qū)精細(xì)化風(fēng)場模型奠定基礎(chǔ)。所完成的主要工作如下:1)對北京城區(qū)風(fēng)速、風(fēng)向進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果表明,北京城區(qū)風(fēng)速和風(fēng)向都呈現(xiàn)明顯的季節(jié)特征,強(qiáng)風(fēng)大多出現(xiàn)在春季與冬季;本文得到的北京城區(qū)主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向為正北方向與NNE方向;北京城區(qū)地貌粗糙長度為1.03米,零平面位移為32.2米。2)選取了適用于北京城區(qū)的大氣穩(wěn)定度分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。對Richardson數(shù)與Monin-Obukhov(M-O)長度兩類大氣穩(wěn)定度評價參數(shù)進(jìn)行了對比分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上,選定以M-O長度為評價參數(shù),W.R.Wood的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作為北京城區(qū)大氣穩(wěn)定度的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。3)對北京城區(qū)大氣穩(wěn)定度進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。小風(fēng)速區(qū)間內(nèi)樣本無論時間還是空間變化規(guī)律都不大,大風(fēng)速區(qū)間樣本變化明顯。中性層結(jié)在春天與冬天時所占的比例相對比較大,夏天中性大氣一年四季最少,不穩(wěn)定大氣最多。白天和晚上分別傾向于不穩(wěn)定和穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。隨高度增加穩(wěn)定大氣頻率增長明顯較高高度處夏季尤為明顯,冬季中性大氣頻率隨高度有明顯減少趨勢。
[Abstract]:With the increase of wind sensitive structures such as long-span roofs in super-tall buildings, the study of wind load characteristics and wind-induced effects of structures is becoming more and more important. Among them, the wind field characteristics in the atmospheric boundary layer are the foundation of the study on the wind-resistant properties of such structures. Atmospheric stability and geomorphology are the most important factors affecting the atmospheric movement. Due to the urban heat island effect, the atmospheric conditions such as thermal convection and surface underlying surface are different from the ideal conditions, and the wind field characteristics of the metropolis are determined. First of all, the stability of its atmosphere should be studied. In this paper, the statistical characteristics of atmospheric stability in Beijing urban area are studied by using the wind temperature data collected continuously from 11 ultrasonic anemometers of 325m meteorological observation tower in Beijing during 2013-2015. It lays a foundation for further determination of fine wind field model in Beijing area. The main work is as follows: 1) the wind speed and wind direction in Beijing urban area are statistically analyzed. The results show that the wind speed and direction of Beijing urban area show obvious seasonal characteristics, most of the strong winds occur in spring and winter, the dominant wind direction in this paper is the north direction and the NNE direction, the rough length of geomorphology in Beijing urban area is 1.03 m. The zero plane displacement is 32.2 m. 2) the classification standard of atmospheric stability suitable for Beijing urban area is selected. Two kinds of atmospheric stability evaluation parameters, Richardson number and Monin-Obukhovus M-O length, are compared and analyzed. Taking the M-O length as the evaluation parameter W.R.Wood as the classification standard of atmospheric stability in Beijing urban area, the statistical analysis of atmospheric stability in Beijing urban area is carried out. The variation of the samples in the small wind speed interval is not obvious in time or space, but the change in the large wind speed interval is obvious. The proportion of neutral stratification in spring and winter is relatively large, the neutral atmosphere in summer is the least in all seasons, and the unstable atmosphere is the most. During the day and at night, they tend to be unstable and stable, respectively. The steady atmospheric frequency increases obviously with the height increasing, especially in the summer, and the neutral atmospheric frequency decreases obviously with the height in winter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU119

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本文編號：1981191