本文選題：植物葉 + 高頻電刀　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高頻電刀具有創(chuàng)傷小、疼痛輕、恢復(fù)快等優(yōu)點,已經(jīng)成為電外科手術(shù)中使用最廣泛的的手術(shù)器械。然而,高頻電刀產(chǎn)生的組織熱效應(yīng),雖然能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)切割止血的作用,但同時也能使組織焦痂碳化,粘附在電刀刀頭上,影響手術(shù)的進(jìn)行。傳統(tǒng)電刀防粘方法依靠簡單涂層技術(shù)、牙口優(yōu)化技術(shù)等,很難滿足微創(chuàng)醫(yī)療器械高效防粘要求。因此,本文從仿生學(xué)角度,借鑒典型植物葉表面優(yōu)異防粘特性,研究高頻電刀表面仿生防粘設(shè)計和制造。本文選取蘇子葉與玉米苞葉作為生物防粘原型進(jìn)行研究。通過掃描電鏡觀察,發(fā)現(xiàn)玉米苞葉表面具有相間分布的單向條紋形態(tài),條紋上面存在不規(guī)則的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu),在網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)上面還分布有一定數(shù)量的氣孔。蘇子葉表面具有拼圖狀版塊拼接而成的表面形態(tài),沒有二級結(jié)構(gòu)。分別利用自制裝置測試了兩種植物葉表面的粘附特性,發(fā)現(xiàn)植物葉表面粘附力由小到大排序為:新鮮玉米苞葉熱處理玉米苞葉新鮮蘇子葉熱處理蘇子葉。試驗表明玉米苞葉表面防粘特性優(yōu)于蘇子葉,因此,選擇玉米苞葉作為防粘脫附的生物表面原型。此外,本文綜合分析了玉米苞葉表面潤濕性、表面形態(tài)與接觸面積、熱應(yīng)力、大氣壓強對防粘脫附的影響規(guī)律,揭示了其機(jī)理。以玉米苞葉為生物原型,根據(jù)其表面的特殊形態(tài),設(shè)計了具有圓形凹坑和條形凹坑的高頻電刀表面仿生形態(tài)。其中,在沿刀頭方向(縱向)上兩種形態(tài)相間排列,在垂直于刀頭的方向(橫向)上兩種形態(tài)錯位排列。同時,根據(jù)所選擇的試驗因素及水平,采用L9(34)正交表進(jìn)行了試驗編排。采用SM-FB20-1光纖激光打標(biāo)機(jī)對所設(shè)計的仿生高頻電刀表面形態(tài)進(jìn)行了加工。自行設(shè)計并搭建了高頻電刀表面防粘性能測試系統(tǒng),對高頻電刀表面的防粘性能進(jìn)行了測試,同時對電切過程進(jìn)行了分析和觀察。載能條件下仿生高頻電刀表面粘附試驗極差分析表明,影響電刀防粘特性的主次因素為:圓形凹坑和條紋形凹坑的橫向中心距(Z2)條紋形凹坑的長度(Z3)圓形凹坑直徑(Z1)。最優(yōu)組合為Z11Z22Z33,即圓形凹坑和條紋形凹坑的橫向中心距取500μm,條紋形凹坑的長度取1600μm,圓形凹坑和條紋形凹坑的直徑取120μm�；貧w分析結(jié)果顯示,圓形凹坑和條紋形凹坑的直徑Z1、橫向中心距Z2、條紋形凹坑的長度Z3之間的回歸方程為:(?)使用COMSOL Multiphysics軟件進(jìn)行刀頭與生物組織粘附機(jī)理仿真分析。結(jié)果表明:電刀弧形區(qū)域與側(cè)面更容易發(fā)生粘附。根據(jù)此結(jié)果與電切試驗,再次對刀頭表面進(jìn)行仿生設(shè)計,對其弧形刀頭及側(cè)面設(shè)計成單級微凸形態(tài)能夠降低表面溫度,且溫度場產(chǎn)生不連續(xù)現(xiàn)象,有利于減小粘連現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:High frequency electric knife has become the most widely used surgical instrument in electrosurgical surgery because of its advantages of small trauma, light pain and quick recovery. However, the tissue thermal effect produced by high frequency electric knife, although it can achieve the effect of cutting and hemostasis, can also make the tissue eschar carbonized and adhere to the knife head, which affects the operation. The traditional anti-stick method of electric knife depends on simple coating technology and tooth mouth optimization technology, so it is difficult to meet the requirements of high efficiency and anti-adhesion of minimally invasive medical devices. Therefore, from the view of bionics, this paper studies the design and manufacture of high frequency electric knife surface biomimetic anti-stick by referring to the excellent anti-adhesion characteristics of typical plant leaf surface. In this paper, the seed leaves and corn bracts were selected as biological anti-stick prototypes. Through scanning electron microscope observation, it was found that the surface of maize bract had interphase distribution of unidirectional stripes, there were irregular reticular structures above the stripes, and a certain number of stomata were also distributed on the reticular structures. The surface of Su cotyledon has the surface shape of mosaic plate without secondary structure. The adhesion characteristics of two kinds of plant leaf surface were tested by using self-made apparatus. It was found that the adhesion ability of plant leaf surface was in the order of fresh corn bract heat treated corn bract fresh perilla cotyledon. The results showed that the surface antiadhesion property of maize bract was better than that of sappa cotyledon. Therefore, maize bract was chosen as the biological surface prototype of anti-adhesion and desorption. In addition, the effects of wettability, surface morphology and contact area, thermal stress and atmospheric pressure on the anti-viscosity and desorption of maize bract were comprehensively analyzed, and the mechanism was revealed. Based on the special surface morphology of maize bract leaf, the bionic surface of high frequency electric knife with circular pit and strip pit was designed. The two forms are arranged in the direction of the head (longitudinal) and in the direction perpendicular to the head (transverse). At the same time, according to the selected test factors and levels, the orthogonal table of L _ 9 ~ (4) was used to arrange the experiment. The surface morphology of the bionic high frequency electric knife was machined by SM-FB20-1 fiber laser marking machine. This paper designs and builds a testing system for the anti-adhesion performance of the high-frequency electric knife surface, tests the anti-adhesion performance of the high-frequency electric knife surface, and analyzes and observes the electric cutting process. The range analysis of the surface adhesion test of bionic high frequency electric knife under the condition of carrying energy shows that the main and secondary factors affecting the anti-adhesion characteristics of the electric knife are: the transverse center distance between the circular pit and the striped pit is Z2) the length of the striped pit is Z3) the diameter of the circular pit is Z1. The optimum combination is Z11Z22Z33, that is, the transverse center distance of circular pit and striped pit is 500 渭 m, the length of striped pit is 1600 渭 m, and the diameter of circular pit and striped pit is 120 渭 m. The regression analysis shows that the diameter of circular pit and stripe pit Z _ 1, the transverse center distance Z _ 2, the length of stripe pit Z _ 3, the regression equation between Z _ 3 and Z _ 3 are as follows: (1) COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to simulate and analyze the adhesion mechanism between the knife head and biological tissue. The results show that the arc-shaped area of the electric knife is more likely to adhere to the side. According to the results and the electric cutting test, the bionic design of the cutting head surface is carried out again. The surface temperature can be reduced and the temperature field will be discontinuous, which will help to reduce the phenomenon of adhesion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH777;Q811

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