本文選題：磨子溝泥石流 + 危險區(qū)范圍　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：泥石流是常見的山區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害之一,泥石流暴發(fā)時攜帶大量的砂石,是一種固、液兩相流體。由于泥石流暴發(fā)突然、歷時短暫,嚴重威脅著人們正常的生產(chǎn)、生活及生命財產(chǎn)安全。我國山區(qū)居民大多居住在地勢相對平坦的泥石流堆積區(qū)上,這就為泥石流災(zāi)害的形成埋下了隱患。近年來,在我國山地較為集中的西部地區(qū)相繼發(fā)生了眾多泥石流災(zāi)害,2008年汶川地震之后,在汶川、北川、綿竹以及都江堰等地地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻發(fā),尤其在雨季,泥石流災(zāi)害發(fā)生頻繁。早期,通過統(tǒng)計學(xué)和建立數(shù)學(xué)模型等方法均可以對泥石流危險區(qū)范圍進行預(yù)測,但是由于統(tǒng)計學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)模擬所產(chǎn)生的分析誤差較大,導(dǎo)致對泥石流危險區(qū)范圍的預(yù)測結(jié)果與實際存在較大的差別,從而無法對泥石流防治提出有效的指導(dǎo)建議。近年來計算機技術(shù)不斷提高,國內(nèi)外的學(xué)者越來越多使用計算機模擬的方式計算和分析泥石流危險區(qū)范圍,數(shù)值模擬方法可以對泥石流的初期形成、發(fā)育流動、堆積區(qū)漫流等各個階段進行更加準確和形象的模擬分析,進而為泥石流的防治工作提供有效并切合實際的建議。本文基于對磨子溝泥石流流域現(xiàn)場的勘查和當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦恼{(diào)查訪問,詳細了解當(dāng)?shù)氐臍庀髼l件、地質(zhì)概況等,根據(jù)以上調(diào)查結(jié)果,分析磨子溝泥石流形成條件和發(fā)育特征。計算泥石流的容重、流速、流量等運動特征和動力學(xué)參數(shù)。利用AutoCAD、Surfer、ANSYSAPDL軟件提取磨子溝泥石流的高程數(shù)據(jù)點,并建立泥石流堆積區(qū)的三維實體模型,利用CFX模擬20年一遇磨子溝泥石流的全過程,分析泥石流的三維流場和危險區(qū)范圍。最后根據(jù)以上計算和分析結(jié)果,對磨子溝泥石流的綜合治理提供了有效準確的指導(dǎo)建議。得到的主要結(jié)論如下:(1)研究泥石流流域的地質(zhì)環(huán)境背景,并分析了導(dǎo)致泥石流形成的地形地貌條件、松散物源條件以及水源條件。采用"雨洪修正法",計算得到了磨子溝泥石流的各項動力學(xué)參數(shù)。(2)建立磨子溝泥石流溝口及堆積區(qū)的三維實體模型,使用CFX模擬分析該泥石流流動的全過程,并對其危險區(qū)范圍進行預(yù)測,得到與實際較一致的危險區(qū)范圍。(3)針對磨子溝泥石流暴發(fā)的情況,提出"攔砂壩+防護堤"相結(jié)合的治理方案。
[Abstract]:Debris flow is one of the common geological disasters in mountainous area. Debris flow carries a large amount of sand and gravel when it breaks out. It is a solid and liquid two phase fluid. Because of the sudden and short-lived debris flow, people's normal production, life and property safety are seriously threatened. Most of the people living in mountainous areas in China live in relatively flat debris flow accumulation areas, which buries hidden dangers for the formation of debris flow disasters. In recent years, a large number of debris flow disasters have occurred in the western region, where the mountainous regions of China are relatively concentrated. After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, geological disasters occurred frequently in Wenchuan, Beichuan, Mianzhu and Dujiangyan, especially in the rainy season. Debris flow disasters occur frequently. In the early stage, the range of debris flow risk area could be predicted by statistics and mathematical model, but the error of analysis caused by statistics and mathematical simulation was large. As a result, there is a big difference between the prediction result of debris flow risk area and the actual situation, so it is impossible to put forward effective guidance suggestions for debris flow prevention and control. In recent years, with the development of computer technology, more and more scholars at home and abroad use the method of computer simulation to calculate and analyze the range of debris flow risk area. Numerical simulation method can be used to form and develop the flow of debris flow in the initial stage. In order to provide effective and practical suggestions for debris flow prevention and control, more accurate and vivid simulation analysis is carried out in various stages of accumulation area. Based on the site survey and local residents' investigation in Mozigou debris flow basin, the local meteorological conditions and geological conditions are studied in detail in this paper. Based on the above investigation results, the formation conditions and developmental characteristics of the debris flow in Mozigou are analyzed. The movement characteristics and dynamic parameters of debris flow, such as bulk density, velocity and discharge, were calculated. The elevation data points of debris flow in Mozi gully are extracted by AutoCAD Surfern ANSYSAPDL software, and the three-dimensional solid model of debris flow accumulation area is established. The whole process of debris flow in Mozi ditch is simulated by CFX, and the three-dimensional flow field and dangerous area range of debris flow are analyzed. Finally, according to the above calculation and analysis results, it provides effective and accurate guidance for the comprehensive treatment of debris flow in Mozi gully. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the geological environment background of debris flow basin is studied, and the topographic and geomorphological conditions, loose source conditions and water source conditions of debris flow formation are analyzed. By using "rain flood correction method", the dynamic parameters of debris flow in Mozigou are calculated. The three-dimensional solid model of debris flow mouth and accumulation area in Mozi ditch is established, and the whole process of debris flow is simulated and analyzed by CFX. The range of the dangerous area is predicted, and the range of dangerous area in accordance with the actual situation is obtained. According to the situation of debris flow in Mozigou, the combined treatment scheme of "sand bar and dam protection against embankment" is put forward in view of the occurrence of debris flow in Mozi gully.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.23

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