發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-07 00:27

  本文選題：翼型量水槽 + 經(jīng)典體型�。� 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)農(nóng)田灌溉的主要形式是渠道輸水,而我國(guó)部分灌區(qū)沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的量水設(shè)施,又或者是有量水設(shè)施,由于測(cè)量誤差較大而不能正常使用。在我國(guó),人們節(jié)水意識(shí)不強(qiáng),具有比較嚴(yán)重的水資源浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象。而槽類(lèi)量水設(shè)施由于經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠與可靠穩(wěn)定等優(yōu)點(diǎn),更適合在灌區(qū)大面積使用。目前量水槽不僅可以在渠道用來(lái)量水,還可以對(duì)雨水、污水流量進(jìn)行測(cè)定,給污水處理廠提供一定的參考依據(jù)。具有流線形的翼型量水槽水頭損失小、過(guò)水順暢、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、測(cè)流精度高,適應(yīng)我國(guó)灌區(qū)環(huán)境而且滿(mǎn)足量水精度要求,可對(duì)其進(jìn)行全面和深入的研究。本文對(duì)量水槽的結(jié)構(gòu)形式、測(cè)流機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析研究,并對(duì)經(jīng)典翼型量水槽與優(yōu)化翼型量水槽的水力特性分別進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,然后進(jìn)行類(lèi)比分析,得到如下結(jié)論:(1)對(duì)矩形渠道翼型量水槽建立三維模型,在70種工況下進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算,并驗(yàn)證了所建模型、參數(shù)選擇以及fluent計(jì)算可靠性較高。(2)在不影響測(cè)流精度的情況下,經(jīng)過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),收縮比選取在0.50~0.60之間是比較合理的。(3)兩種體型類(lèi)比結(jié)果:優(yōu)化體型速度最大值比經(jīng)典體型離喉口更近;優(yōu)化體型上游水面線比經(jīng)典體型較低,下游比經(jīng)典體型較高,說(shuō)明優(yōu)化體型淹沒(méi)度大于經(jīng)典體型,優(yōu)化體型具有更大的自由出流范圍;優(yōu)化體型比經(jīng)典體型佛汝德數(shù)最大值點(diǎn)較靠后;優(yōu)化體型水頭損失普遍小于經(jīng)典體型;優(yōu)化體型測(cè)流精度比經(jīng)典體型略高,與其他結(jié)論一致。
[Abstract]:The main form of farmland irrigation in our country is canal water conveyance, but some irrigation areas in our country do not have the corresponding water measuring facilities, or there are some water measuring facilities, which can not be used normally because of the large measurement error. In our country, people's water-saving consciousness is not strong, has serious water resources waste phenomenon. Because of the advantages of economic benefit and reliable stability, the aqueduct water measuring facility is more suitable for large area use in irrigation area. At present, the measuring flume can not only be used to measure water in the canal, but also to measure Rain Water and sewage flow, which can provide certain reference basis for sewage treatment plant. The airfoil measuring flume with streamline shape has small head loss, smooth water flow, simple structure, high flow measurement precision, and can be fully and thoroughly studied because of its adaptability to the environment of irrigation area in our country and to meet the requirement of water measurement precision. In this paper, the structure form and flow measurement mechanism of the flume are analyzed, and the hydraulic characteristics of the classical airfoil measuring flume and the optimized airfoil measuring flume are numerically simulated, and then the analogy analysis is carried out. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the 3-D model of the rectangular channel airfoil measuring flume is established and simulated under 70 conditions, and it is verified that the model, the parameter selection and the reliability of fluent calculation are relatively high, and the accuracy of the flow measurement is not affected. It is found that the contraction ratio between 0.50 and 0.60 is a reasonable analogies between the two types: the maximum velocity of the optimized body is closer to the throat than the classical one, and the surface line of the upstream of the optimized body is lower than that of the classical body. The lower body shape is higher than the classical one, which indicates that the optimal body type is larger than the classical body shape, and the optimized body shape has a larger free discharge range, and the optimized body shape is lower than the classical body shape, and the maximum value of Froude number is lower than that of the classical body shape. The water head loss of the optimized body is generally smaller than that of the classical body, and the accuracy of the flow measurement of the optimized body is slightly higher than that of the classical body, which is consistent with other conclusions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV135

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