本文選題：褶皺陡坎 + 縮短量��； 參考：《東華理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：對(duì)不出露地表的隱伏逆斷層會(huì)誘發(fā)強(qiáng)破壞性地震,如何識(shí)別和研究這種不造成地表明顯變形且不產(chǎn)生明顯同震破裂的發(fā)震構(gòu)造是一新的課題和挑戰(zhàn)。嘗試使用與斷層相關(guān)褶皺伴生的褶皺陡坎和地震反射剖面來(lái)解決這個(gè)難題。依照褶皺陡坎與斷層結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系將褶皺陡坎分為:向斜斷彎褶皺陡坎、背斜斷彎褶皺、滑脫褶皺陡坎、擠壓構(gòu)造楔褶皺陡坎、斷展褶皺前翼、后翼褶皺陡坎以及三角剪切斷展褶皺前翼褶皺陡坎。通過(guò)對(duì)研究區(qū)尼泊爾喜馬拉雅西段主前緣推覆系(MFT)進(jìn)行的詳細(xì)地質(zhì)地貌填圖和地形差分GPS的測(cè)量,在研究區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩條走向平行的斷層陡坎和一條褶皺陡坎。根據(jù)野外工作和相關(guān)褶皺陡坎理論,為這條褶皺陡坎建立幾何、運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,并討論了這兩條斷層傾角的不確定性。通過(guò)所得模型確定了兩條斷層的產(chǎn)狀,并分別通過(guò)斷層垂直位錯(cuò)和褶皺陡坎的方法計(jì)算了斷層的水平縮短量。在最年輕的階地上采集了光釋光樣和14C樣品,并計(jì)算了此階地的縮短速率,這為缺少年齡約束的尼泊爾喜馬拉雅西段主前緣推覆系(MFT)提供寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)。在北天山的獨(dú)山子研究區(qū),使用深度-隆升面積法解譯了獨(dú)山子背斜西傾伏端處的地震反射剖面,得到此處地殼的總縮短量以及滑脫面的深度;使用面積守恒法和通過(guò)差分GPS地形的測(cè)量結(jié)果,計(jì)算了獨(dú)山子背斜西側(cè)各級(jí)河流階地所記錄的不同時(shí)期的縮短量;結(jié)合詳細(xì)的地質(zhì)地貌填圖和差分GPS的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù),在獨(dú)山子背斜北翼發(fā)現(xiàn)了前翼斷展褶皺陡坎,并建立了此褶皺陡坎的幾何、運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型。這為獨(dú)山子背斜的研究工作提供了更深一步的認(rèn)識(shí)。
[Abstract]:For strong destructive earthquakes can be induced by hidden thrust faults not exposed to the surface, it is a new subject and challenge to identify and study such seismogenic structures which do not cause obvious deformation on the surface and do not produce obvious coearthquake rupture. An attempt is made to solve this problem by using ridges associated with fault-related folds and seismic reflection profiles. According to the relationship between fold ridge and fault structure, the fold steep ridge can be divided into syncline bend fold steep ridge, anticline bend fold steep ridge, slip fold steep ridge, compressional wedge fold steep ridge, fault spreading fold front. The posterior wing fold steep ridge and the triangle shear fault spread fold front wing fold steep ridge. Based on the detailed geological and geomorphologic mapping and topographic differential GPS survey of the main front nappe system in the study area of the western Himalayas of Nepal two parallel fault scarves and a fold steep ridge have been found in the study area. Based on the field work and the theory of related fold and steep ridges, a geometric and kinematic model is established for the ridges, and the uncertainty of the dip angles of the two faults is discussed. The occurrence of two faults is determined by the obtained model, and the horizontal shortening of the fault is calculated by the methods of vertical dislocation and fold steep ridges, respectively. Photoluminescence and 14C samples were collected on the youngest terrace, and the shortening rate of the terrace was calculated, which provides valuable data for MFTs of the main front nappe in the western Himalayan region of Nepal lacking age constraints. In the Dushanzi study area of North Tianshan Mountain, the seismic reflection profile at the west tip of the Dushanzi anticline is interpreted by using the depth-uplift area method, and the total shortening of the crust and the depth of the slip surface are obtained. By using the area conservation method and the results of the differential GPS topographic survey, the shortening of different periods recorded by various river terraces on the west side of the Dushanzi anticline is calculated, and the detailed geological and geomorphologic mapping and the differential GPS survey data are combined. In the north wing of the Dushanzi anticline, the outspread fold steep ridge of the front wing is found, and the geometric and kinematic model of the fold steep ridge is established. This provides a deeper understanding for the study of Dushanzi anticline.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P315.2

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