本文選題：捕食者-食餌模型 + 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的避難所結(jié)構(gòu)�。� 參考：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：捕食者的捕食行為是導(dǎo)致食餌種群早期死亡的一個(gè)重要原因.食餌種群通常會(huì)使用避難所來(lái)減少被捕獲的風(fēng)險(xiǎn).在種群動(dòng)力學(xué)中,以個(gè)體尺寸為特征的避難所結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響是研究的熱點(diǎn)之一.本文主要研究捕食者-食餌種群中突變食餌入侵常駐食餌的能力在很大強(qiáng)度上依賴于特異性參數(shù)對(duì)食餌尺寸避難所保護(hù)下可捕獲比例成分間的調(diào)節(jié).首先,本文介紹捕食者-食餌系統(tǒng)的研究背景及意義和常微分方程的相關(guān)理論知識(shí).在考慮種群基因表現(xiàn)型的基礎(chǔ)上,又介紹了進(jìn)化動(dòng)力學(xué)的相關(guān)理論與知識(shí).然后,種群的某種基因表現(xiàn)型能力決定的個(gè)體尺寸差異會(huì)導(dǎo)致捕食者不同的成功捕獲率.通過(guò)種群模型來(lái)研究食餌的尺寸避難所結(jié)構(gòu)是如何影響捕食者-食餌種群的進(jìn)化,其中避難所的結(jié)構(gòu)依賴于可捕獲的比例,把尺寸避難所保護(hù)下的可捕獲比例分成兩種情況:一種是食餌各自避難所結(jié)構(gòu)下的可捕獲比例,另一種是食餌不同尺寸避難所保護(hù)下可捕獲比例的加權(quán)平均,通過(guò)定義特異性參數(shù)來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)它們兩者之間的權(quán)重.并且通過(guò)運(yùn)用常微分穩(wěn)定性理論,得出突變食餌可入侵的充分條件,在此基礎(chǔ)上得出突變食餌入侵并且生存導(dǎo)致常駐食餌和捕食者的滅絕,突變食餌與捕食者共存且常駐食餌滅絕,常駐食餌與突變食餌共存且捕食者滅絕以及三者共存的結(jié)果.其次,考慮食餌與捕食者內(nèi)部單一基因型策略的個(gè)體尺寸避難所結(jié)構(gòu).假設(shè)種群的環(huán)境容納量、捕食率和個(gè)體尺寸避難所都直接依賴于基因型策略.因此,建立具有進(jìn)化系統(tǒng)的捕食者-食餌模型來(lái)研究由不同基因型策略決定的避難所結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)種群之間進(jìn)化動(dòng)力學(xué)的影響.進(jìn)一步,通過(guò)進(jìn)化動(dòng)力學(xué)的觀點(diǎn)可發(fā)現(xiàn)決定尺寸避難所結(jié)構(gòu)的基因型奇異策略在特異性參數(shù)調(diào)節(jié)可捕獲比例成分下,存在著進(jìn)化不穩(wěn)定策略、連續(xù)穩(wěn)定策略和進(jìn)化分支,以及可能發(fā)生進(jìn)化自殺的一些條件.最后,依據(jù)研究?jī)?nèi)容總結(jié)全文。
[Abstract]:Predator's predatory behavior is an important cause of early death of the prey population. The prey population usually uses refuge to reduce the risk of being captured. In population dynamics, the impact of the structure of the individual size on the system is one of the hotspots of the study. This paper mainly studies the mutation of the predator prey population. The ability of the prey to invade the permanent bait depends heavily on the regulation of the capable proportions between the specific parameters of the prey size shelters. First, this paper introduces the research background and significance of the predator prey system and the relevant theoretical knowledge of the ordinary differential equation. The related theory and knowledge of evolutionary dynamics. Then, the individual size difference determined by a certain gene expressive ability of the population can lead to the successful capture rate of the predator. The percentage obtained is divided into two cases under the protection of dimensional refuge: one is the capture ratio under the shelter structure of the bait, the other is the weighted average of the capture ratio protected by the different size shelters of the bait, and the weights between them are adjusted by defining the specific parameters. On the basis of the differential stability theory, we obtain the sufficient conditions for the mutational bait to invade. On this basis, the mutant bait invasion and survival lead to the extinction of the permanent bait and predator, the mutated bait coexists with the predator, the permanent bait is extinct, the permanent bait and the mutant bait coexist, the predator is extinct, and the three coexistence results. Secondly, the examination of the results. The structure of individual size asylum in the single genotype strategy of predator and predator. It is assumed that the environmental capacity of the population, the predation rate and the individual size refuge are directly dependent on the genotype strategy. Therefore, a predator prey model with an evolutionary system is established to study the structure of the shelters determined by different genotyping strategies to the population. The effect of evolutionary dynamics. Further, through the viewpoint of evolutionary dynamics, it is found that the genetic singularity strategy that determines the structure of the size asylum has an evolutionary instability strategy, a continuous stabilization strategy and a branch of evolution, and some conditions for possible evolutionary suicide. The full text is summed up according to the content of the study.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O175

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