本文選題：量子糾纏　切入點：非局域性　出處：《中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國科學(xué)院物理研究所)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：量子糾纏是一種出現(xiàn)在復(fù)合系統(tǒng)中的物理現(xiàn)象。這種物理現(xiàn)象是子系統(tǒng)的一種非經(jīng)典關(guān)聯(lián),這種非經(jīng)典關(guān)聯(lián)有著很多重要的應(yīng)用。特別是在量子信息領(lǐng)域,量子糾纏是一些量子信息任務(wù)的非常有用的資源,這些量子信息任務(wù)包括量子密鑰分配,量子遠程傳輸和量子算法等。盡管量子糾纏對環(huán)境很敏感,但是它卻有很強的概念性和數(shù)學(xué)性,我們可以從多個方面探索研究它的豐富的結(jié)構(gòu)。本文從三個方面探討了量子糾纏的結(jié)構(gòu),包括它的貝爾非局域性,非經(jīng)典關(guān)聯(lián)性以及基于它的幾何性質(zhì)的糾纏證據(jù)。除此之外還詳細(xì)探討了和這三個性質(zhì)緊密相關(guān)的量子游戲,分別是非局域游戲,半量子非局域游戲以及糾纏證據(jù)游戲。在這三種游戲中,糾纏態(tài)都作為一種有用的資源而存在,但是這三種游戲利用糾纏態(tài)的原理卻不相同。非局域游戲利用了糾纏態(tài)的非局域性。半量子非局域游戲利用的是糾纏態(tài)的非經(jīng)典關(guān)聯(lián)性,也即糾纏態(tài)不能被分離態(tài)通過局域算符和共享隨機性所創(chuàng)造的性質(zhì)�；谶@兩種游戲,我們提出了一種基于糾纏證據(jù)的量子游戲,這種糾纏證據(jù)游戲是利用糾纏態(tài)和分離態(tài)的幾何性質(zhì)使得糾纏態(tài)成為一種有用的資源的。
[Abstract]:Quantum entanglement is a physical phenomenon that occurs in composite systems. This physical phenomenon is a non-classical association of subsystems, which has many important applications, especially in the field of quantum information. Quantum entanglement is a very useful resource for quantum information tasks, such as quantum key distribution, quantum remote transmission, quantum algorithms and so on. However, it has strong conceptual and mathematical properties. We can explore its rich structure from many aspects. In this paper, we discuss the structure of quantum entanglement from three aspects, including its Bell nonlocality. Non-classical relevance and entangled evidence based on its geometric properties. In addition, the quantum games which are closely related to these three properties are discussed in detail, which are non-local games. The semi-quantum nonlocal game and the entangled evidence game. In all three games, entangled states exist as a useful resource. However, the three kinds of games use entangled states differently. Non-local games utilize the nonlocality of entangled states, and semi-quantum non-local games use non-classical correlations of entangled states. That is, entangled states can not be separated by local operators and shared randomness. Based on these two games, we propose a quantum game based on entangled evidence. This entanglement evidence game is based on the geometric properties of entangled and separated states, which make entangled states a useful resource.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國科學(xué)院物理研究所)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O413
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本文編號：1562528