本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中國雨蛙種組 系統(tǒng)發(fā)生 物種界定 譜系地理 祖先區(qū)域重建　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國雨蛙種組(Hyla chinesis-group))是從無斑雨蛙種組分離出而來,為了確定中國雨蛙種組內(nèi)物種數(shù)目、成種過程以及擴(kuò)散模式,本研究選用線粒體12S rRNA和ND1基因,核基因POMC作為分子標(biāo)記,對中國雨蛙種組進(jìn)行物種界定和譜系地理學(xué)研究。研究樣品采集自大別山地區(qū)和黃山地區(qū),并結(jié)合來自數(shù)據(jù)庫的雨蛙種組的物種的序列,分別采取貝葉斯法和最大似然法對中國雨蛙種組進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)發(fā)生分析。分析得到的系統(tǒng)發(fā)生樹拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)一致并且得到很高的置信值的支持。系統(tǒng)發(fā)生樹中中國雨蛙種組共分為六個支系,提示中國雨蛙種組可能存在六個獨(dú)立的物種。進(jìn)一步的物種界定分析也支持這一結(jié)果。其中BFD的分析結(jié)果中BF值大于10,在BPP分析中結(jié)果大于0.95,均顯著地支持在中國雨蛙種組中有六個物種存在。對中國雨蛙種組進(jìn)行分歧時間模擬的結(jié)果顯示,中國雨蛙種組起源于約18.84百萬年前(處于中新世早期)�；诜制鐣r間,進(jìn)行了祖先區(qū)域重建分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國雨蛙種組首先出現(xiàn)在廣西-海南地區(qū),然后從不同的擴(kuò)散路線遍布全國。其中向東擴(kuò)散的路線大致為:至南嶺、武夷山地區(qū),然后向北擴(kuò)散到黃山周邊地區(qū),向南擴(kuò)散至臺灣。西向的擴(kuò)散路線為:由廣西-海南地區(qū)向西至云貴高原、四川盆地,進(jìn)而到達(dá)秦嶺山脈,最后抵達(dá)大別山地區(qū)。從整體上來看,中新世時期中緯度地區(qū)氣候干旱、寒冷環(huán)境,以及在上新世時期青藏高原不斷隆以及伴隨而來的環(huán)境變化的后果可能是導(dǎo)致中國雨蛙種組形成目前譜系地理格局的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Hyla chinesis-group) was isolated from the species group of Rana chinesis-group in order to determine the species number, speciation process and diffusion pattern of Rana chensinensis. In this study, mitochondrial 12s rRNA and ND1 genes and nuclear gene POMC were used as molecular markers. The species definition and pedigree geography of Rana chensinensis were studied. The samples were collected from Dabie Mountain and Huangshan Mountains. The phylogenetic analysis of Rana chensinensis was carried out by using Bayesian method and maximum likelihood method, respectively. The phylogenetic tree topology of the phylogenetic tree was consistent and supported by a high confidence value, and the Rana chensinensis in the phylogenetic tree was supported by the phylogenetic tree. The species were divided into six branches. It is suggested that there may be six independent species in Rana chensinensis. Further species definition analysis also supports this result. The BF value of BFD analysis is greater than 10. The results of BPP analysis showed that there were six species in the group of Rana chensinensis, and the results of the diverging time simulation showed that there were six species in the group of Rana chensinensis. The species of Rana chensinensis originated from about 18.84 million years ago (located in early Miocene). Based on the time difference, the ancestor region reconstruction analysis was carried out, and it was found that the group of Rana chensinensis first appeared in Guangxi and Hainan. Then spread from different routes throughout the country. One of the routes to the east spread to the Nanling, Wuyishan region, and then spread north to the area around Huangshan. From Guangxi to Hainan to the west, to the Yungui Plateau, Sichuan Basin, then to the Qinling Mountains, and finally to the Dabie Mountains. In the Miocene, the climate was dry and cold at mid-latitude. In the Pliocene, it is possible that the rising of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the accompanying environmental changes may be the main reasons leading to the formation of the present phylogenetic pattern of Rana chensinensis (Rana chensinensis).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q959

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