本文關(guān)鍵詞： 地基GPS氣象學(xué) 對(duì)流層延遲 大氣可降水量 臺(tái)風(fēng)分析　出處：《東華理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：地基GPS反演大氣可降水量作為一項(xiàng)新興的大氣探測技術(shù),在空間天氣與GNSS遙感等方面得到廣泛的應(yīng)用研究。該技術(shù)以高精度、高時(shí)空分辨率、近時(shí)間觀測等特點(diǎn)而備受的關(guān)注,其在數(shù)值天氣預(yù)報(bào)、天氣特征變化分析等研究中的作用越來越重要。本文基于香港衛(wèi)星參考網(wǎng)的觀測數(shù)據(jù),重點(diǎn)分析地基GPS反演大氣可降水量過程中所涉及的問題以及臺(tái)風(fēng)影響下GPS水汽的變化特征。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)闡述GPS反演大氣可降水量的基本原理,并以南昌為試驗(yàn)區(qū),利用南昌探空站資料建立南昌加權(quán)平均溫度模型,與其他模型比較,結(jié)果表明,要獲取高精度的可降水量信息,必須使用基于該地區(qū)氣象資料建立的加權(quán)平均溫度模型,同時(shí),依據(jù)探空數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算可降水量的原理,對(duì)解算過程中值得重視的問題進(jìn)行分析。(2)分析論證GPS反演可降水量過程中模型選擇的問題。對(duì)Saastamoinen模型、Hopfield模型以及Black模型進(jìn)行精度和適用性評(píng)估。結(jié)合IGS站的觀測數(shù)據(jù),針對(duì)映射函數(shù)模型NMF、GMF和VMF1進(jìn)行分析,以ITRF08框架坐標(biāo)和CODE提供的ZPD產(chǎn)品為真值,比較模型的定位精度與對(duì)流層延遲解算效果,結(jié)果表明:GMF和VMF1在U方向精度和對(duì)流層延遲解算精度相當(dāng),且高于NMF模型。此外,針對(duì)影響對(duì)流層延遲解算的影響因子進(jìn)行分析。(3)根據(jù)地基GPS反演可降水量的流程,對(duì)地基GPS反演可降水量的精度進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。此外針對(duì)影響可降水量解算的因素進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明:海潮改正引起的香港地區(qū)可降水量誤差在1-3mm之間,對(duì)內(nèi)陸幾乎沒有影響;快速星歷和最終星歷的解算精度相當(dāng),超快速星歷的解算精度隨著觀測部分時(shí)間的增加而提高,最大差值為1.100mm,基本滿足實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)值天氣預(yù)報(bào)的要求;與Hopfield模型和Black模型相比,Saastamoinen模型更適合香港地區(qū),此外在無實(shí)測氣象數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),GPT/SAAS模型比EGNOS適用性更好;對(duì)GPS_GLONASS組合系統(tǒng)反演精度進(jìn)行分析,組合導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)反演精度達(dá)到可降水量精度要求,平均偏差為-0.5380,均方差為2.4788,相關(guān)系數(shù)為91.68%,但反演精度卻弱于地基GPS反演的精度。(4)結(jié)合香港衛(wèi)星參考站網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)和香港天文臺(tái)提供的雷達(dá)回波圖像以及實(shí)際雨量分布信息,對(duì)影響香港地區(qū)的四次臺(tái)風(fēng)進(jìn)行可降水量分析,結(jié)合臺(tái)風(fēng)期間溫度、氣壓、相對(duì)濕度等氣象參數(shù)的特征變化,對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)的預(yù)報(bào)與分析起到更好的研究作用。
[Abstract]:The retrieval of atmospheric precipitable water by ground-based GPS, as a new atmospheric detection technology, has been widely studied in space weather and GNSS remote sensing. This technique is of high precision and high spatial and temporal resolution. Recent time observation has attracted more and more attention. It plays an increasingly important role in the research of numerical weather forecast and analysis of weather characteristics. This paper is based on the observation data of Hong Kong satellite reference network. This paper focuses on the analysis of the problems involved in the retrieval of atmospheric precipitable water by ground-based GPS and the variation characteristics of GPS water vapor under the influence of typhoon. The main research contents are as follows: 1). The basic principle of retrieving atmospheric precipitable water by GPS is described. Taking Nanchang as experimental area, the weighted average temperature model of Nanchang is established by using the data of Nanchang sounding station. Compared with other models, the results show that high precision information of precipitable water should be obtained. A weighted average temperature model based on meteorological data in the region must be used, and the principle of calculating precipitable water based on sounding data must be used. The problem of model selection in the process of GPS inversion of precipitable water is analyzed and demonstrated. The Saastamoinen model is analyzed. The accuracy and applicability of Hopfield model and Black model are evaluated. Based on the observation data of IGS station, the mapping function model NMF-MF and VMF1 are analyzed. Taking the ITRF08 frame coordinate and the ZPD product provided by CODE as the true value, the positioning accuracy of the model and the effect of the tropospheric delay solution are compared. The results show that the accuracy of the U direction and the tropospheric delay solution of the VMF1 is similar to that of the NMF model, and the accuracy of the U direction is higher than that of the NMF model. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the solution of tropospheric delay, the flow of retrieving precipitable water based on foundation GPS is presented. The accuracy of retrieving precipitable water by GPS is verified. In addition, the factors affecting the calculation of precipitable water are analyzed. The results show that the error of precipitable water in Hong Kong caused by the tide correction is between 1 and 3 mm, which has little effect on the inland area. The resolution accuracy of the fast ephemeris and the final ephemeris is about the same. The resolution accuracy of the super-fast ephemeris increases with the increase of the observation time, and the maximum difference is 1.100mm. It basically meets the requirement of real time numerical weather forecast. Compared with the Hopfield model and the Black model, the Saastamoinen model is more suitable for the Hong Kong region, in addition, in the absence of measured meteorological data. The applicability of GPT/SAAS model is better than that of EGNOS. The inversion accuracy of GPS_GLONASS integrated system is analyzed. The inversion accuracy of integrated navigation system reaches the requirement of precipitable water accuracy, the average deviation is -0.5380, and the mean deviation is 2.4788. The correlation coefficient is 91.68%. However, the accuracy of inversion is weaker than that of ground-based GPS inversion. It combines the data of Hong Kong satellite reference station network, radar echo images provided by the Hong Kong Observatory and the actual rainfall distribution information. The precipitation analysis of four typhoons affecting Hong Kong area, combined with the changes of meteorological parameters such as temperature, air pressure and relative humidity during typhoons, plays a better role in the prediction and analysis of typhoons.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P228.4;P412

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 謝劭峰;張朋飛;王新橋;劉立龍;;動(dòng)態(tài)映射函數(shù)對(duì)GPS基線解算質(zhì)量的影響[J];大地測量與地球動(dòng)力學(xué);2017年02期

2 羅楨;吳良才;;南昌地區(qū)地基GPS水汽反演中區(qū)域加權(quán)平均溫度模型[J];南昌大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(理科版);2016年03期

3 丁赫;孫付平;李亞萍;劉帥;滿小三;;BDS/GPS/GLONASS組合精密單點(diǎn)定位模型及性能分析[J];大地測量與地球動(dòng)力學(xué);2016年04期

4 范士杰;臧建飛;劉焱雄;秦學(xué)彬;華亮;耿東哲;;GPT/2模型用于GPS大氣可降水汽反演的精度分析[J];測繪工程;2016年03期

5 姚宜斌;曹娜;許超鈐;楊軍建;;GPT2模型的精度檢驗(yàn)與分析[J];測繪學(xué)報(bào);2015年07期

6 狄利娟;李星光;鄭南山;;徐州地區(qū)加權(quán)平均溫度模型研究[J];導(dǎo)航定位學(xué)報(bào);2015年02期

7 李星光;鄭南山;狄利娟;;GPS/PWV資料在兩次臺(tái)風(fēng)襲港期間的特征分析[J];大地測量與地球動(dòng)力學(xué);2015年02期

8 李劍鋒;王永前;胡伍生;;地基GPS水汽反演中區(qū)域大氣加權(quán)平均溫度模型[J];測繪科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào);2015年01期

9 張洛愷;楊力;王艷玲;王金娜;張好;楊玉海;;鄭州地區(qū)大氣加權(quán)平均溫度模型確定[J];測繪科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào);2014年06期

10 張忠龍;施昆;;應(yīng)用超快星歷進(jìn)行數(shù)值天氣預(yù)報(bào)的可行性研究[J];導(dǎo)航定位學(xué)報(bào);2013年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 宋淑麗;地基GPS網(wǎng)對(duì)水汽三維分布的監(jiān)測及其在氣象學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[D];中國科學(xué)院研究生院（上海天文臺(tái)）;2004年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 張毅;基于地基GPS數(shù)據(jù)的水汽探測及應(yīng)用研究[D];東華理工大學(xué);2016年

2 湯中山;地基GPS反演大氣可降水量及三維層析的應(yīng)用研究[D];東華理工大學(xué);2016年

3 李星光;極端天氣條件下大氣可降水量地基GPS反演研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

4 趙慶志;地基GPS大氣可降水量估計(jì)及水汽層析研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

5 胡金玉;基于CORS參考站對(duì)區(qū)域水汽的研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2014年

6 陳宏斌;地基GPS層析水汽三維分布研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2014年

7 趙紅;海潮負(fù)荷影響及其模型精化研究[D];長安大學(xué);2013年

8 曲偉菁;中國地區(qū)GPS中性大氣天頂延遲研究及應(yīng)用[D];中國科學(xué)院研究生院（上海天文臺(tái)）;2007年

9 金群鋒;大氣折射率影響因素的研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2006年

10 李建文;GLONASS衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)及GPS/GLONASS組合應(yīng)用研究[D];解放軍信息工程大學(xué);2001年

，

本文編號(hào)：1468249