本文關鍵詞： 拓撲局部更新 拓撲數據 地理事件　出處：《西南石油大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國社會與經濟建設的迅速發(fā)展,地理信息的不斷變化,人們對地理信息綜合服務的需求不斷提高,用戶對數據現勢性與內容豐富性的要求也越來越高,數據的更新變得比數據庫的建設更為重要。地理空間數據的更新實質是空間實體狀態(tài)及內容改變的過程�？臻g實體的改變包括幾何關系、屬性信息、拓撲關系的改變,拓撲關系作為GIS中重要的空間關系,對空間數據的表達、存儲、查詢及分析等具有重要意義,且拓撲關系的局部更新技術對空間數據的高效處理及實時更新起著重要的作用。本文主要研究地理事件引起的拓撲數據的局部變化。通過研究地理實體發(fā)生的不同地理事件,分析判斷地理實體的變化情況。研究了地理事件變化引起的拓撲關系的改變和局部拓撲更新,通過基于地理事件的形式實現拓撲關系的局部更新。本文主要研究工作如下:(1)對地理空間數據、空間實體、空間關系的分類、應用等進行研究。研究了點、線、面之間存在的6種空間關系,并分析了每種空間關系中包含的拓撲關系。對空間數據點/線、線/面拓撲關系的建立,及拓撲關系局部更新技術中結點、弧段的更新操作進行了研究。(2)地理事件的發(fā)生,必然造成對周邊地理要素的影響,本文對每類地理事件發(fā)生前后兩要素間的拓撲關系的變化情況進行了分析,對拓撲數據的變化情況及拓撲關系的變化規(guī)律進行分析,其實質是圍繞點、線、面三類實體的變化產生的。通過對受地理事件影響的點、線、面間的拓撲關系的變化及拓撲數據的對比分析,實現基于地理事件的拓撲局部更新研究。最終根據拓撲數據中結點、弧段的變化規(guī)律,將除新生事件和消亡事件外的其他地理事件歸納為新生事件和消亡事件的組合事件,這里視結點、弧段數量增加時發(fā)生新生事件,結點、弧段數量減少時發(fā)生消亡事件。(3)通過對結點和弧段的分類,實現提取發(fā)生拓撲變化的地理要素,并選取需進行拓撲更新的區(qū)域范圍。根據數據的新建、刪除操作,對拓撲數據進行拓撲編輯,新生事件下進行添加點、添加線的操作,消亡事件下進行刪除點、刪除線的操作。并利用拓撲原子操作描述拓撲數據發(fā)生新生事件和消亡事件時的數據變化過程。(4)運用第4章選取變化要素范圍和提取拓撲變化要素的方法,對城市區(qū)域發(fā)生變化的地理要素進行拓撲的局部更新。選取發(fā)生新生事件的區(qū)域和發(fā)生消亡事件的區(qū)域,更新變化要素的拓撲數據。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social and economic construction and the continuous changes of geographical information, people's demand for comprehensive geographic information services is increasing, and the users' demand for the present situation of data and the richness of content is becoming more and more high. The updating of data is more important than the construction of database. The essence of updating geospatial data is the process of changing the state and content of spatial entities. The change of spatial entities includes geometric relations and attribute information. The change of topological relationship, as an important spatial relation in GIS, is of great significance to the expression, storage, query and analysis of spatial data. The local updating technique of topological relation plays an important role in the efficient processing and real-time updating of spatial data. This paper mainly studies the local changes of topological data caused by geographical events. Same geographic event. The change of geographical entity is analyzed and the change of topological relation and local topological update caused by the change of geographical event is studied. This paper mainly studies the classification of geospatial data, spatial entities and spatial relations. In this paper, six kinds of spatial relationships among points, lines and surfaces are studied, and the topological relationships included in each spatial relationship are analyzed. The establishment of topological relationships between points / lines and lines / planes of spatial data is discussed. The update operation of nodes and arcs in the local updating technology of topological relation is studied. 2) the occurrence of geographical events will inevitably cause the influence on the geographical elements around them. This paper analyzes the change of the topological relation between the two elements before and after each kind of geographical event, and analyzes the change of the topological data and the law of the change of the topological relation. The essence of the change is around the point and the line. The changes of three types of entities are generated by the comparative analysis of the topological relationships and topological data of points, lines, and planes affected by geographical events. Finally, according to the change rule of nodes and arcs in topology data. In addition to the new events and extinction events, the other geographical events are classified as the combination events of the new events and the dead events, where the number of new events and nodes occur when the number of nodes and arcs increases. By classifying nodes and arcs, the geographical elements of topological changes are extracted, and the range of regions that need to be updated is selected according to the new data. Delete operation, topologically edit topology data, add points under new events, add line operations, delete points under death events. The operation of deleting lines. Using topological atomic operations to describe the process of data change during the occurrence of new and dead events in topological data. Chapter 4 is used to select the range of change elements and extract the topological change elements. The topological data of the changing elements are updated by selecting the region where the new event occurs and the region where the event of extinction occurs.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P208

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