本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于多光譜法測量等離子體場溫度的算法研究　出處：《南京理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 多光譜 輻射溫度 光譜發(fā)射率 測溫精度

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)70年代以來,隨著全球經(jīng)濟迅速崛起,在航天、國防、材料、能源等各領(lǐng)域中,針對高溫等離子體場溫度測量的要求越來越高。該類型溫度場通常具有溫度極高、過程瞬態(tài)、測溫精度要求高、環(huán)境不穩(wěn)定(存在測試環(huán)境惡劣、強電磁、振動等因素)的特點,目前國內(nèi)外常用的包括接觸式與非接觸式測溫方法不能同時滿足以上測溫需求。多光譜測溫法憑借其屬于非介入診斷技術(shù)且對于均勻或非均勻高溫等離子體場都能精確診斷的特點受到國內(nèi)外學(xué)者廣泛運用。本文將基于多光譜測溫法,提出一種能精確計算得到目標(biāo)光譜發(fā)射效率的算法。該方法能真實提高多光譜測溫法的測溫精度,從而解決國防、工業(yè)等相關(guān)領(lǐng)域中對高溫等離子體場溫度大量程、高精度的測量需求。多光譜輻射測溫法中存在光譜發(fā)射率ε這一參數(shù),實際目標(biāo)的光譜發(fā)射率表現(xiàn)復(fù)雜且與諸多因素相關(guān)。因此,如何高精度地獲取目標(biāo)光譜發(fā)射率成為了多光譜輻射測溫研究中的關(guān)鍵難點。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者提出了量熱法、反射法、能量法來解決光譜發(fā)射率測量問題,但這些方法都有各自局限性且普適性不強。本文針對該問題,提出一種被測材料在不同溫度下光譜發(fā)射率基函數(shù)不變的理論方法,即發(fā)射率基函數(shù)不變法。通過該方法,發(fā)射率模型可以根據(jù)物體在不同溫度狀態(tài)下,函數(shù)系數(shù)動態(tài)改變從而實現(xiàn)發(fā)射效率的自適應(yīng)變化,得到最符合實際情況的發(fā)射率,提高整個輻射溫度的測量精度。本文通過該方法建立了一套新的輻射測溫數(shù)學(xué)模型,減少了光譜發(fā)射率對測溫精度的影響,最終提高輻射溫度的測量精度。通過對金屬鎢的仿真驗證了算法精度能夠達(dá)到0.66%。為了驗證本文提出的算法有效性,研制了一臺原理性瞬態(tài)測溫樣機系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)的工作波長為400～700nm,特征譜線中心波長的定位精度為1nm,特征譜線的提取帶寬小于6nm,響應(yīng)速度小于1us,能對軍事、國防、工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域中常用元素(銅、鋁、鎂、鎳、鈦、鎢、鐵)實現(xiàn)高精度輻射溫度測量。通過瞬態(tài)測溫樣機系統(tǒng),利用文章中提出的測溫算法,對溴鎢燈的溫度場進行測溫實驗,同時也對強激光作用金屬靶面的高溫等離子體場進行溫度測量實驗。通過兩次原理性驗證實驗,驗證了本文算法在實際應(yīng)用中的精確度以及可靠性。
[Abstract]:Since 1970s, with the rapid rise of the global economy, in space, national defense, materials, energy and other fields. The requirement of temperature measurement in high temperature plasma field is more and more high. This kind of temperature field usually has extremely high temperature, transient process, high precision of temperature measurement, unstable environment (bad test environment, strong electromagnetic). The characteristics of vibration and other factors. At present, both contact and non-contact temperature measurement methods used at home and abroad can not meet the above requirements. Multispectral thermometry is a non-interventional diagnostic technique and can not be used in homogeneous or non-uniform high temperature plasma fields. The characteristics of accurate diagnosis are widely used by domestic and foreign scholars. This paper will be based on multi-spectral temperature measurement method. This paper presents an algorithm which can accurately calculate the spectral emission efficiency of the target. This method can improve the temperature measurement accuracy of the multispectral temperature measurement method and solve the problem of national defense. In industry and other related fields, there is a demand for a large range of high temperature range and high precision measurement of high temperature plasma field. There is a parameter of spectral emissivity 蔚 in multispectral radiation thermometry. The spectral emissivity of the actual target is complex and related to many factors. How to obtain the target spectral emissivity with high accuracy has become a key difficulty in the study of multi-spectral radiation temperature measurement. Domestic and foreign scholars have proposed calorimetric method, reflection method and energy method to solve the problem of spectral emissivity measurement. However, these methods have their own limitations and their universality is not strong. In order to solve this problem, a theoretical method of invariant spectral emissivity basis function of measured materials at different temperatures is proposed in this paper. By this method, the emissivity model can change dynamically according to the object at different temperature state, so as to realize the adaptive change of the emissivity efficiency. The emissivity is the most suitable to the actual situation, and the measurement accuracy of the whole radiation temperature is improved. A new mathematical model of radiation temperature measurement is established by this method, which reduces the influence of spectral emissivity on the temperature measurement accuracy. Finally, the measurement accuracy of radiation temperature is improved. The simulation of tungsten metal shows that the accuracy of the algorithm can reach 0.66. In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper. A principle transient temperature measuring prototype system is developed. The operating wavelength of the system is 400 ~ 700 nm, the location accuracy of the center wavelength of the characteristic spectral line is 1 nm, and the extraction bandwidth of the characteristic spectral line is less than 6 nm. The response speed is less than 1 us. it can realize high precision radiation temperature measurement for common elements (copper, aluminum, magnesium, nickel, titanium, tungsten and iron) in military, national defense and industrial fields. Using the temperature measurement algorithm proposed in this paper, the temperature field of the bromine tungsten lamp and the high temperature plasma field of the metal target are also measured. The accuracy and reliability of this algorithm in practical application are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O53

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