本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于GRACE衛(wèi)星的中國區(qū)域陸地水儲量變化及干旱特征研究　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： GRACE衛(wèi)星 陸地總水儲量 陸面水儲量 地下水儲量 干旱監(jiān)測

【摘要】：水是生命之源,是人類生存和生活的重要組成部分,也是影響經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵性因素,陸地水資源變化的準(zhǔn)確反演,已經(jīng)成為全球變化研究的迫切需要。本文以地球重力衛(wèi)星為出發(fā)點,擬通過反演重力位,再獲取重力位均值,相繼得到重力位相對均值的變化量,將重力位變化量轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殛懙厮Y源相對于水資源均值的變化量,以進一步研究陸地水資源的變化情況。論文具體的研究工作和結(jié)論如下:(1)在數(shù)據(jù)處理方面,針對 GRACE(Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment)衛(wèi)星反演的重力異常及水儲量變化存在的條帶誤差,進行重力衛(wèi)星的球諧系數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換等一系列準(zhǔn)備,包括替換C20項等,實驗表明,高斯濾波平滑能夠很好的消除條帶誤差,重力變化和水儲量變化均得到了改善。(2)在陸地各水儲量變化量的時空研究和分析方面:發(fā)現(xiàn)中國陸地區(qū)域陸地總水儲量變化量在2003年至2013年變化率空間分布中呈現(xiàn)了不同的趨勢,東北地區(qū)和中西部的水儲量變化量出現(xiàn)了大片連續(xù)的增加趨勢。三峽工程所在地區(qū)以西,包括長江中上游地區(qū)的陸地水儲量變化量,出現(xiàn)了較快的增加趨勢。中國的新疆自治區(qū)幾乎全部呈現(xiàn)下降的趨勢,其中以新疆西北部最為嚴重。在陸面水儲量變化量在2003年至2013年的長期趨勢中,淮河流域和黃河流域呈現(xiàn)逐年增加的趨勢,且較為集中。通過水量平衡原理計算得到的地下水儲量變化量與實測地下站點數(shù)據(jù)的變化量在月尺度和季節(jié)尺度都具有非常高的一致性,證明了GRACE反演結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性。從全國地下水儲量變化趨勢的分布來看,新疆西北部和華北南部地區(qū)都出現(xiàn)了較為集中的地下水儲量變化量下降的趨勢,長江中上游地區(qū)的地下水儲量變化量處于上升的趨勢。(3)在中國典型地區(qū)水資源時序分析以及與降水的響應(yīng)關(guān)系方面:發(fā)現(xiàn)在新疆西北部地區(qū)2003年至2013年期間的陸地總水儲量變化量總體呈下降趨勢,同時該地區(qū)陸面水儲量變化量也同樣呈現(xiàn)總體下降趨勢。該地區(qū)的地下水儲量變化量趨勢總體可以分為三個階段,呈現(xiàn)先增、后減再平穩(wěn)的態(tài)勢。降水與GRACE和全球陸地同化模型(Global Land Data Assimilation System,GLDAS)產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)在無滯后期的時候相關(guān)性最高,與地下水儲量變化量存在2個月的滯后期;在長江中上游地區(qū),陸地總水儲量變化量整體呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢,而陸面水儲量變化量卻呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢。該區(qū)域地下水儲量變化量呈現(xiàn)的趨勢主要可以分為三個階段,呈現(xiàn)先快速增加、后平穩(wěn)、再增長的態(tài)勢。降水與GRACE和GLDAS在無滯后期的時候相關(guān)性最高,與地下水儲量變化量存在1個月的滯后期;華北平原南部陸地總水儲量變化量和陸面水儲量變化量都呈增加趨勢。該區(qū)域的地下水儲量變化量的走勢主要可以分為三個階段,呈現(xiàn)先增加、后下降、再增長的態(tài)勢。降水與GRACE和GLDAS在無滯后期的時候相關(guān)性最高,與地下水儲量變化量存在1個月的滯后期。(4)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化陸地水儲量指數(shù)與SPI指數(shù)比較分析方面:發(fā)現(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化陸地水儲量指數(shù)SWSI(Standardized Water Storage Index)更能準(zhǔn)確的反映干旱事件,并且其低值區(qū)較為連續(xù)。此外,SWSI指數(shù)相對于SPI指數(shù)高值區(qū)與低值區(qū)的波動更大,且更為明顯。根據(jù)已有干旱事件的對比分析,無論是新疆、長江中上游還是華北南部,SWSI指數(shù)都可以更明顯地反映出干旱事件,且使用基于GRACE衛(wèi)星監(jiān)測干旱事件比SPI指數(shù)更準(zhǔn)確。
[Abstract]:Water is the Source of Life, is an important part of human survival and life, but also the key factors influencing the development of economy and society, accurate retrieval of land water resources change, has become an urgent need for global change research. In this paper, using the earth's gravity satellite as a starting point, proposed through the inversion of gravity, and then get the gravity mean that have been gravity potential relative to the mean change in the amount of the gravity variation change relative to the mean amount of water resources change in land water resources, to further research the change of land and water resources. This paper makes research work and conclusions are as follows: (1) in the aspect of data processing, according to the GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) are retrieved from satellite gravity anomalies and water storage variation bands of satellite gravity error, spherical harmonic coefficients transformation and so on a series of preparations, including the replacement of C20, experimental results show that the high This filter can well eliminate the error bands, gravity change and water storage changes were improved. (2) research and analysis of spatial and temporal changes in the land water storage capacity: found Chinese land total water storage variation from 2003 to 2013 the rate of change of the spatial distribution of different water storage variation trend, the Northeast and Midwest appear continuous increasing trend. The Three Gorges project located in the west, including the change in land water storage volume in the upper reaches of Yangtze River, there has been an increase in the trend of rapid China. Almost all of the Xinjiang autonomous region showed a downward trend, the northwest of Xinjiang is the most serious in the land surface water storage variation of the long-term trend in 2003 to 2013 in the Huaihe basin and the the Yellow River basin increased year by year, and more concentrated. By the principle of water balance calculation The groundwater reserves changes with the measured data of the underground sites are very high consistency in the monthly scale and seasonal scale, which proves the accuracy of the GRACE inversion results. From the point of view of the distribution of national groundwater reserves trend, Northwestern Xinjiang and southern North China there are more concentrated variation of groundwater reserves decline the trend of variation of groundwater reserves in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is in the upward trend. (3) in the analysis of water resources in typical areas of Chinese and timing response relationship with precipitation, found that land total water storage changes in Xinjiang during 2003 to 2013 in the northwestern region of the amount of the overall downward trend, while the area of land surface water storage variation also showed a decline in overall. Groundwater reserves of this area changes trend generally can be divided into three stages, increased firstly, then decreased to steady The trend of precipitation and GRACE. And the global land data assimilation model (Global Land Data Assimilation System, GLDAS) when the highest correlation product data lag, there are 2 months lag and variation of groundwater reserves; in the Yangtze River region, the overall land total water storage variation showed a rising trend, and the land surface water storage variation has shown a downward trend. The regional groundwater reserves variation tendency can be divided into three stages, showing the first increase rapidly, after steady growth. Then, precipitation with GRACE and GLDAS in no lag period when the highest correlation, there are 1 months lag and the change of groundwater reserves the amount of land in the southern part of North China Plain; the total water storage changes and land surface water storage variation increased. Groundwater reserves of regional variations in the amount of the trend can be divided into three stages, showing the first Increased, then decreased, and then increased. Correlation between precipitation and GRACE and GLDAS were the highest when no lag, there are 1 months lag and variation of groundwater reserves. (4) in the standard land water storage index and SPI index of comparative analysis found that: the standard land water storage index SWSI (Standardized Water Storage Index) can accurately reflect the drought events, and the low value area is more continuous. In addition, the SWSI index to the SPI index high value and low value zone of greater volatility, and more obvious. According to the analysis and comparison of the existing drought event, whether it is Xinjiang, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the southern part of the North China. The SWSI index can more clearly reflect the drought events, and the use of GRACE satellite monitoring of drought events based on more accurate than SPI index.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV213;P343

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