本文關(guān)鍵詞：西鄂爾多斯自然保護(hù)區(qū)植被生產(chǎn)力格局和植物多樣性特征分析　出處：《魯東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：西鄂爾多斯自然保護(hù)區(qū)以其獨(dú)特的地理環(huán)境和地理?xiàng)l件,在物種起源、生物多樣性等方面具有重要的研究?jī)r(jià)值。本文選取以西鄂爾多斯國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)和延伸擴(kuò)展的對(duì)照區(qū)的總體區(qū)域作為研究對(duì)象,以2000-2014年的MODIS遙感影像為數(shù)據(jù)源,結(jié)合地面反射光譜測(cè)定以及實(shí)地植被樣方調(diào)查,并采用3S空間分析技術(shù),對(duì)西鄂爾多斯自然保護(hù)區(qū)的植被生產(chǎn)力分布格局以及植物多樣性特征進(jìn)行研究分析。結(jié)果表明:(1)研究區(qū)整體植被生產(chǎn)力水平的變化在45.68g/m2至102.67 g/m2之間,多年平均值為71.70(±15.77)g/m2,最大值出現(xiàn)在2012年,最小值出現(xiàn)在2005年。植被生產(chǎn)力級(jí)別達(dá)到40-60 g/m2的分布面積最大,而且隨著生產(chǎn)力水平的提高,則分布面積變化趨勢(shì)也呈上升趨勢(shì)。研究區(qū)植被覆蓋度變化在12.36%至28.99%之間,多年平均值為21.32(±5.39)%,植被覆蓋度的平均相對(duì)面積最大的為覆蓋度相對(duì)較低的10-20%級(jí)別。(2)保護(hù)區(qū)植被生產(chǎn)力水平變化在39.96g/m2至82.52 g/m2之間,多年平均值為62.99(±13.88)g/m2。最高水平出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)與研究區(qū)一致,同樣的達(dá)到最低水平的年份也與研究區(qū)一致。同樣以植被生產(chǎn)力為40-60 g/m2的分布面積最大,且隨生產(chǎn)力水平增加,分布面積變化趨勢(shì)呈緩慢上升趨勢(shì)。植被覆蓋度的平均相對(duì)分布面積達(dá)到最大的級(jí)別是10-20%,與研究區(qū)一致。(3)對(duì)照區(qū)植被生產(chǎn)力水平變化在49.09g/m2至115.48 g/m2之間,多年平均值為77.24(±17.62)g/m2。最高水平出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)與研究區(qū)一致,同樣的達(dá)到最低水平的年份也與研究區(qū)一致。植被生產(chǎn)力分布面積最大的分別是為40-60g/m2和60-80 g/m2兩個(gè)級(jí)別。植被覆蓋度的平均相對(duì)面積最大的為相對(duì)較低的20-30%級(jí)別。同時(shí)結(jié)合實(shí)地植被樣方調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù),以西鄂爾多斯優(yōu)勢(shì)灌木四合木、半日花、沙冬青和綿刺為建群種的植物群落進(jìn)行了植物多樣性特征分析。結(jié)論如下:(4)物種豐富度最低的是半日花群落,最高的是綿刺群落;從Shannon多樣性指數(shù)來(lái)比較這兩者,同樣是半日花最小,綿刺的最大;但是比較兩者的重要值來(lái)看,半日花的重要值最大,綿刺最小;四合木和沙冬青群落的物種豐富度相對(duì)處于中間水平,且四合木略高于沙冬青,兩者的Shannon多樣性指數(shù)也相對(duì)居于中間水平,而沙冬青數(shù)值略大,重要值也相對(duì)較低于前兩者。(5)在四合木群落中可以得出,隨著四合木重要值的增長(zhǎng),物種豐富度呈下降趨向,但是相反的是隨Shannon多樣性指數(shù)增加而增加;半日花群落變化趨勢(shì)與四合木相反,物種豐富度隨重要值增加而增加,隨多樣性指數(shù)增加而呈下降趨勢(shì);綿刺的整體變化趨勢(shì)與四合木一樣;沙冬青群落與前三者并不完全相同,物種豐富度隨重要值增加而呈現(xiàn)出上升趨向,同樣地隨Shannon多樣性指數(shù)增加也呈增加趨向。(6)地上生物量與多樣性的關(guān)系:四合木群落和半日花群落內(nèi)的兩者關(guān)系走向一致,地上生物量隨Shannon多樣性指數(shù)的增加而增加。綿刺與沙冬青群落內(nèi)的兩者關(guān)系變化趨勢(shì)是,地上生物量隨Shannon多樣性指數(shù)的增加而減少。
[Abstract]:West Ordos nature reserve with its unique geographical environment and geographical conditions in the origin of species, has the important research value of biological diversity. This paper selects the control area west of Ordos National Nature Reserve and extending the whole region as the research object, based on MODIS 2000-2014 remote sensing images as the data source, combined with the ground reflectance spectrometry and field vegetation investigation and analysis technology, using 3S space, on the West Ordos nature reserve, vegetation productivity distribution pattern and plant diversity characteristics of research and analysis. The results showed that: (1) the whole area vegetation productivity change between 45.68g/m2 to 102.67 g/m2, an average of 71.70 years (+ 15.77) g/m2, the maximum value appeared in 2012, the minimum appeared in 2005. The distribution area of vegetation productivity level reached 40-60 g/m2, and And with the improvement of productivity, the distribution of area change trend is rising. The research of vegetation coverage changes between 12.36% to 28.99% years, the average value is 21.32 (+ 5.39)%, the average relative area of vegetation coverage is the largest coverage of a relatively low level. 10-20 percent (2) protection the vegetation productivity change between 39.96g/m2 to 82.52 g/m2, the average value is 62.99 (+ 13.88) g/m2. the time and the highest level of the study area, the same year reached the lowest level is also consistent with the study area. The same vegetation productivity distribution area of 40-60 g/m2, and with the level of productivity the distribution area increased, change trend is slowly rising. The average vegetation coverage relative distribution area reaches the maximum level is 10-20%, consistent with the study area. (3) the control of vegetation productivity changes from 49.09g/m2 to 11 5.48 g/m2, an average of 77.24 years (+ 17.62) g/m2. the time and the highest level of the study area, the same year reached the lowest level is also consistent with the study area. The distribution of the largest area of vegetation productivity were 40-60g/m2 60-80 and g/m2 two levels. The average vegetation coverage maximum relative area for the relatively low level of 20-30%. At the same time combined with the field vegetation survey data, West Erdos wood four dominant shrubs, Helianthemum ordosicum, Ammopiptanthus and Potaninia for plant community species of plant diversity characteristics analysis. The conclusions are as follows: (4) the lowest species richness is h.songaricum community that is the highest Potaninia mongolica community; to compare the diversity index from Shannon, the same is h.songaricum minimum, maximum potaniniamongolicamaxim; but the important value of their point of view, the important value of h.songaricum maximum, minimum potaniniamongolicamaxim; four The species richness of wood and Ammopiptanthus community is in the middle level, and four higher than that of Mulve Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, the Shannon diversity index is relatively in the middle level, and Ammopiptanthusmongolicus numerical slightly, the important value is relatively lower than the other two. (5) in the four wood community can be drawn, with four the important value of wood growth, species richness showed a decline trend, but instead is increased with the increase of Shannon diversity index; h.songaricum community change trend with the four opposite wood species richness increased with the important value, with diversity index increased and decreased; the overall change trend and potaniniamongolicamaxim four wood; Ammopiptanthus community and the first three are not exactly the same, with the important value of species richness increased and showed a rising trend, the same as the Shannon diversity index showed an increasing trend. Also increased (6) ground biomass and diversity The relationship between the four wood community and the relationship between the two communities in h.songaricum towards the same, with the increase of aboveground biomass Shannon diversity index increased. The relationship between the changing trend and P.mongolica Ammopiptanthus community in is that the increase of aboveground biomass with Shannon diversity index and reduced.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：Q948.1

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