本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于GPS技術(shù)研究南極電離層在磁暴下的響應(yīng)特征　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 全球定位系統(tǒng) 電子密度 南極電離層 球冠諧模型 磁暴

【摘要】：電離層與磁層、中高層大氣存在耦合關(guān)系,是連接近地空間和日地空間的紐帶,與人類的空間活動密切相關(guān),因此研究電離層具有非常重要的科學(xué)意義。電離層會導(dǎo)致無線電信號質(zhì)量下降、導(dǎo)航與定位精度降低、天基雷達系統(tǒng)成像質(zhì)量變差等,同時電離層在重大自然災(zāi)害(如臺風(fēng)、海嘯、地震、火山噴發(fā)等)的孕育、發(fā)生、消散過程表現(xiàn)出一定的異常性,因此電離層研究還具有非常重要的應(yīng)用價值。極區(qū)電離層與磁層、行星際空間直接相連,物理形態(tài)和機理與中低緯地區(qū)存在差異,在空間物理學(xué)的相關(guān)研究中具有重要地位。極區(qū)電離層的變化非常復(fù)雜,多種電離層過程和多個空間現(xiàn)象經(jīng)常同時發(fā)生,這些變化可以直接或間接影響中低緯地區(qū)的電離層,甚至日地空間環(huán)境,因此極區(qū)電離層的研究對全球電離層也具有非常高的參考價值。由于太陽活動等因素引起的磁暴會導(dǎo)致電離層的異常擾動,對通訊系統(tǒng)、空間飛行器、導(dǎo)航定位精度等造成嚴重影響。磁暴對電離層的擾動在不同地理位置、地方時、季節(jié)會出現(xiàn)不同的擾動形態(tài),同時受到磁暴等級的影響。磁暴對電離層擾動的某些規(guī)律特性及物理機制仍沒有完全解決,通過分析極區(qū)磁暴對電離層響應(yīng)特征,可以更深入探究磁層與電離層之間的耦合關(guān)系。本文在采用球冠諧函數(shù)對南極電離層建模的基礎(chǔ)上,對磁暴期間的電離層響應(yīng)進行了簡要的分析。本文系統(tǒng)的研究了利用GPS技術(shù)研究南極電離層TEC的方法,在收集IGS(International GNSS Service)、POLENET(The Polar Earth Observing Network)和 CACSM(Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping)的 GPS 數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上,采用球冠諧分析理論對南極電離層TEC進行提取,分析了時空分布特征,并對磁暴期間的電離層響應(yīng)進行了簡要分析。主要研究內(nèi)容包括:1、根據(jù)國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀介紹了電離層探測及研究的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展,介紹基于GPS技術(shù)進行電離層反演的原理和方法。分析了高精度電離層TEC的計算中周跳的探測和修復(fù)、粗差的剔除、硬件延遲的解算等工作。主要介紹球冠諧分析理論建立南極電離層TEC模型的方法。2、采用球冠諧函數(shù)模型對太陽活動低年2009年和太陽活動高年2012年的數(shù)據(jù)進行建模分析。球冠諧函數(shù)的基函數(shù)在區(qū)域內(nèi)具有正交性,球冠諧函數(shù)的系數(shù)的零階項C0,0可以反映區(qū)域內(nèi)的電離層TEC值的平均含量,對比球冠諧函數(shù)的零階項系數(shù)與實測TEC日均值發(fā)現(xiàn)二者具有很強的相關(guān)性,相關(guān)系數(shù)達到了 0.97以上,驗證了球冠諧模型參數(shù)具有的物理意義,并對其頻譜特性進行了分析。探討了南極地區(qū)整體和局部地理位置電離層TEC季節(jié)變化、周日變化,在西南極地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了明顯的威德爾海異常現(xiàn)象,對其表現(xiàn)特征進行了簡要的概括。3、通過球冠諧函數(shù)模型對2012年10月地磁暴期間電離層的響應(yīng)特征進行了分析,地磁暴期間電離層日均值與地磁指數(shù)有顯著的正相關(guān),尤其在兩次磁暴發(fā)生時刻,TEC值均出現(xiàn)了明顯的下降,表明此次電離層暴為負相暴。采用球冠諧分析模型計算并繪制了全南極地區(qū)每隔2小時的電離層VTEC分布,分析表明,在全南極范圍內(nèi),隨著時間的推進,TEC值在08:00 UT之后進一步下降,日側(cè)和夜側(cè)均出現(xiàn)下降,在緯度較高的區(qū)域TEC下降更為明顯,說明此次電離層負相暴在全南極區(qū)域出現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The ionosphere is coupled with the magnetosphere and the upper and middle atmosphere. It is the link between the near earth space and the solar terrestrial space, and is closely related to the human spatial activity. Therefore, the study of the ionosphere is of great scientific significance. The ionospheric radio signal will lead to decline in quality and decrease the precision of navigation and positioning, space-based radar system imaging quality is poor, and the ionosphere in major natural disasters (such as typhoon, tsunami, earthquake and volcano eruption etc.) the occurrence and dissipation process showed some abnormal, so also is very valuable for ionospheric research important. The polar ionosphere is directly connected to the magnetosphere and interplanetary space. The physical form and mechanism are different from those in the low and middle latitudes, which play an important role in the research of space physics. Changes in the polar ionosphere is very complex, a variety of ionospheric processes and multiple spatial phenomena often occur at the same time, these changes can be in middle and low latitude ionosphere directly or indirectly, even on the space environment, so the study of the polar ionosphere has very high reference value to the global ionosphere. The magnetic storms caused by solar activity and other factors will cause the abnormal disturbance of the ionosphere, which will seriously affect the communication system, spacecraft, navigation and positioning accuracy. The disturbances of the ionosphere in the magnetic storm are different in different geographical locations, in the place of the earth and in the season, and are influenced by the grade of magnetic storm. The characteristics and physical mechanism of ionospheric disturbances have not yet been completely solved. By analyzing the characteristics of the ionospheric response of polar geomagnetic storms, we can further explore the coupling relationship between the magnetosphere and the ionosphere. Based on the function of spherical cap harmonic modeling of Antarctic ionosphere, ionospheric response to geomagnetic storms were analyzed briefly. This paper studies the method of using GPS technology in the collection of Antarctic ionosphere TEC, IGS (International GNSS Service), POLENET (The Polar Earth Observing Network) and CACSM (Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping) based on GPS data, using spherical harmonic analysis theory on the extraction of Antarctic ionosphere TEC, analyzes the time and space distribution characteristics and ionospheric response to geomagnetic storms is analyzed. The main research contents include: 1. According to the research status at home and abroad, we introduce the current situation and development of ionospheric detection and research, and introduce the theory and method of ionospheric inversion based on GPS technology. The detection and repair of the cycle jump, the removal of the gross error and the calculation of the hardware delay are analyzed in the calculation of the high precision ionospheric TEC. Mainly introduces the spherical cap harmonic analysis theory to establish the TEC model of Antarctic ionosphere. 2, using the data of spherical cap harmonic function model to the low solar activity and high solar activity in 2012 2009 modelinganalysis. Basis functions are orthogonal spherical harmonic function in the region, the zero order C0,0 coefficients of spherical cap harmonic function can reflect the average content of ionospheric TEC region value, compared with the spherical cap harmonic functions of zero order coefficients with the measured TEC daily mean that the two has a strong correlation, the correlation coefficient reached more than 0.97 and verify the physical meaning of parameters with the spherical cap harmonic model, and the spectral characteristics were analyzed. The seasonal and Sunday variations of the ionospheric TEC in the Antarctic region were discussed. The obvious Weddell Sea anomaly in the southwest pole area was found, and its characteristics were briefly summarized. 3, the response characteristics of the spherical cap harmonic function model of ionospheric storms during 2012 10 month were analyzed, there is a significant positive correlation between the ionosphere during geomagnetic storms on average with the geomagnetic index, especially in two geomagnetic storms, TEC values were decreased significantly, suggesting that the ionospheric storm is a negative phase of violence. The spherical cap harmonic analysis calculation and mapping of the entire Antarctic ionosphere every VTEC distribution, 2 hours in the whole model analysis showed that the Antarctic range, with the advance of time, TEC further decreased in 08:00 after UT, day side and night side decreased, in the high latitude region of TEC decreased more significantly, indicating the ionospheric negative phase in the whole area of the Antarctic storm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P228.4;P352

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