污染物的共存是環(huán)境中一個(gè)普遍的現(xiàn)象。現(xiàn)在土壤和水體環(huán)境中都能檢測(cè)到抗生素和重金屬的存在,它們之間的相互作用可能會(huì)影響彼此的環(huán)境行為和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在有關(guān)抗生素和重金屬的環(huán)境行為研究中,其吸附行為和生物毒性是研究的主要內(nèi)容。土壤是污染物環(huán)境行為的重要介質(zhì),而有機(jī)質(zhì)作為土壤的重要組份,直接暴露在土壤顆粒的外表面,關(guān)系到污染物的吸附行為。在本研究中,不同有機(jī)質(zhì)含量的土壤被選為吸附劑,研究抗生素(磺胺甲惡唑,SMX和氧氟沙星,OFL)與重金屬(Cu2+)在土壤中的共吸附行為。研究結(jié)果表明,抗生素和Cu2+的相互作用既可以促進(jìn)、也可以抑制彼此在土壤中的吸附。在比較主要吸附質(zhì)和共吸附質(zhì)的吸附系數(shù)時(shí)表明,抗生素和Cu2+相互促進(jìn)的情況發(fā)生在主要吸附質(zhì)吸附系數(shù)高的時(shí)候(主要吸附質(zhì)濃度低)。而抗生素和Cu2+相互抑制的情況發(fā)生在主要吸附質(zhì)吸附系數(shù)下降到一定數(shù)值時(shí)(數(shù)值與土壤顆粒的性質(zhì)有關(guān))。這可能是由于吸附質(zhì)濃度低時(shí),抗生素和Cu2+占據(jù)的是各自的高能吸附位點(diǎn)(對(duì)于抗生素來(lái)說(shuō),其高能位點(diǎn)可能是土壤顆粒上的憎水區(qū)域；對(duì)于Cu。+來(lái)說(shuō),其高能位點(diǎn)可能是內(nèi)層絡(luò)合位點(diǎn)),Cu2+與被吸附的抗生素絡(luò)合、抗生素通過(guò)被吸附的...

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：127 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Background and significance
    1.2 Objectives of the study
    1.3 Contents of the study
    1.4 The organization of this thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 The interaction between antibiotics and HMs
    2.2 Co-sorption behavior of antibiotics and HMs
    2.3 The toxicity of antibiotics and HMs
    2.4 Key questions need to be discussed in this study
Chapter 3 Research Method
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Sorption experiments
        3.2.1 Sorbates
        3.2.2 Sorbents
        3.2.3 Collection and pretreatment of soils
        3.2.4 Batch sorption experiments
        3.2.5 Chemical quantification
        3.2.6 Data processing method
    3.3 Enzyme inhibition experiments
        3.3.1 Preparation of AChE
        3.3.2 Chromogenic method for enzyme activity quantification
        3.3.3 Inhibition experiments
        3.3.4 Data processing method
        3.3.5 Enzyme structural analysis
Chapter 4 Co-Sorption of Ofloxacin and Cu in Soils before and after Organic Matter Removal
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Cu sorption on different particles
    4.3 OFL sorption on different particles
    4.4 Co-sorption of OFL and Cu
    4.5 Conclusion
Chapter 5 Co-sorption of Sulfamethoxazole and Cu on Hydroxylized and Graphitized Carbon Nanotubes
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 SMX-Cu complexation as an affected by pH
    5.3 Sorption of SMX or Cu individually on MWCNTs
    5.4 Co-sorption of SMX and Cu on MWCNTs
    5.5 Conclusion
Chapter 6 Inhibition of Acetylcholin Esterase by coexisting Cu Ofloxacin
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Inhibition of AChE activity by OFL or Cu
    6.3 Secondary structural change of AChE as an affected by OFL or Cu
    6.4 Inhibition of AChE activity by coexsiting Cu and OFL
    6.5 Conclusion
Chapter 7 Conclusions and Prospectives
    7.1 Conclusions
    7.2 Perspectives
Acknowledgements
Reference
Appendix 1 List of Publications and Prizes
Appendix 2 List of Symbols and Abbreviations



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