發(fā)布時間：2021-02-10 08:26

　　鎘污染已成為全球環(huán)境重要問題之一,而食用鎘污染產(chǎn)品將給人體健康帶來巨大威脅。大米是中國人重要主食來源之一,人類攝入鎘的56%來源于大米。中國一些水稻主產(chǎn)區(qū)河流、湖泊及農(nóng)田土壤受到鎘污染,為最大限度地減少大米鎘積累,本研究旨在通過評價在3個鎘水下10個水稻品種生理生長、酶活性、鎘吸收與分布、必需元素吸收積累等差異,獲得鎘敏感和耐性水稻品種,并進一步揭示鎘敏感和耐性水稻品種對鐵調節(jié)鎘積累和分布的差異,為鎘污染稻田安全利用和水稻安全生產(chǎn)提供依據(jù)。主要結果有:1)3個鎘水平（0、50和100μm CdCl₂）種子萌發(fā)試驗結果表明,鎘處理使10個水稻品種種子發(fā)芽率、幼苗生長參數(shù)和活力指數(shù)均有所下降,其中50μm鎘處理的光1298和優(yōu)838發(fā)芽率高于100μm鎘處理;所有品種Cd積累量以100μm鎘處理最大,而魯9803和齊908Cd積累量較低�？傮w而言,魯9803和齊908鎘耐受性較強,光1298、萬93和單63對鎘較敏感。2)3個鎘水平（0、50和100μm CdCl₂）營養(yǎng)期試驗結果表明,鎘降低了10個水稻品種根、莖的長度和生物量,增加了抗氧化酶活... 

【文章來源】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：130 頁

【學位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
List of Abbreviations
1.REVIEW OF LITERATURE
    1.1.CADMIUM POLLUTION IN SOIL
    1.2.Cadmium intake by food items
    1.3.Effect of Cadmium on Human Health:
    1.4.Effect of Cd and Plant growth
    1.5.Cadmium and oxidative stress
    1.6.Research Progress
    1.7.RICE
    1.8.OBJECTIVES
        1.8.1.Screening of rice cultivars with low Cd uptake under Cd stress
        1.8.2.Differences in Cd distribution and accumulation between higher and lower Cd in ten rice cultivars
        1.8.3.Uderstand how Fe application alleviates Cd toxicity,how cultivars accumulate low or high Cd
2.EFFECTS OF CD LEVELS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF TEN RICE CULTIVARS
    2.1.INTRODUCTION
    2.2.MATERIALS AND METHODS
        2.2.1.Seed collection
        2.2.2.Treatments and Experimental design
        2.2.3.Cadmium analysis
        2.2.4.Determination of parameters
        2.2.5.Statistical analysis
    2.3.RESULTS
        2.3.1.Seedling Growth
        2.3.2.Biomass
        2.3.3.Germination Percentage
        2.3.4.Seed vigor index
        2.3.5.Relative water content
        2.3.6.Cadmium Concentration and accumulation
    2.4.DISCUSSION
    2.5.CONCLUSION
3.EFFECT OF CADMIUM ON SEEDLING GROWTH,ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES ACTIVITIES,FE,ZN AND CD CONCENTRATIONS OF TEN RICE CULTIVARS UNDER CD TOXICITY
    3.1.INTRODUCTION
    3.2.MATERIALS AND METHODS
        3.2.1.Plant material
        3.2.2.Plant growth and stress condition
        3.2.3.Observations
        3.2.4.Assays of enzymatic antioxidants
        3.2.5.Elemental analysis
        3.2.6.Statistical analysis
    3.3.RESULTS
        3.3.1.Seedling Growth
        3.3.2.Plant biomass
        3.3.3.Enzymatic activities
        3.3.4.Iron distribution in rice plant
        3.3.5.Zinc distribution in rice plant
        3.3.6.Cd Concentration,Bio-Concentration Factor and Translocation Factor..
    3.4.DISCUSSION
    3.5.CONCLUSION
4.EFFECT OF FE ON SEEDLING GROWTH,ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES ACTIVITY AND CD ACCUMULATION IN TWO RICE CULTIVARS UNDER THE PRESENCES OF CD TREATMENT
    4.1.INTRODUCTION
    4.2.MATERIALS AND METHODS
        4.2.1.Experimental details
        4.2.2.Observations
        4.2.3.Determination of Cd and Fe concentration in plant
        4.2.4.Assays of enzymatic antioxidants
    4.3.RESULTS
        4.3.1.Plant growth and Biomass
        4.3.2.Cd concentration and accumulation
        4.3.3.Fe Concentration and accumulation
        4.3.4.SOD Activity
        4.3.5.POD Activity
        4.3.6.CAT Activity
    4.4.DISCUSSION
    4.5.CONCLUSION
5 VARIATION IN GROWTH,YIELD AND CD/FE ACCUMULATION,ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN LEAF CELL OF TWO RICE CULTIVARS UNDER CD/FE TREATMENTS
    5.1.INTRODUCTION
    5.2.MATERIALS AND METHOD
        5.2.1.Soil culture and experiment design
        5.2.2 Pot set up and monitoring
        5.2.3.Plant material and growth conditions
        5.2.4.Observations:
        5.2.5.Plant harvest
        5.2.6.Determination of Cd and Fe concentration in plant
        5.2.7.Calculation of BCF and TF
        5.2.8.Statistical analysis
    5.3.RESULTS
        5.3.1.Plant biomass and yield
            5.3.1.1.Fresh and dry biomass at various growth stages
            5.3.1.2.Biological yield
            5.3.1.3.1000-grain weight
-1)">            5.3.1.4.Straw yield(g pot^-1)
-1)">            5.3.1.5.Grain Yield(g pot^-1)
        5.3.2.Fe Concentration and accumulation in rice plant
        5.3.3.Cd concentration and accumulation in rice plant
            5.3.3.1.Bio-concentration factors and transfer factor of Cd
        5.3.4.Ultrastructure analysis of developing leaf of rice by Transmission Electron Microscopy
    5.4 DISCUSSION
    5.5.CONCLUSION
6.CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
    6.1.FUTURE DIRECTION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS



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