砷（Arsenic, As）因其價(jià)態(tài)與結(jié)合態(tài)的多樣性而呈現(xiàn)差異顯著的污染行為,成為水體生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究熱點(diǎn)的代表性類(lèi)金屬元素。本論文研究毒性最強(qiáng)的三價(jià)砷[As（Ⅲ）]在淡水硅藻中的吸附吸收行為及其毒性作用,選取水質(zhì)指示生物硅藻為藻類(lèi)生物介質(zhì)代表,通過(guò)氫化物原子吸收光譜（Hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry, HG-AAS）、傅里葉紅外光譜（Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR）和X射線光電子能譜（X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS）等技術(shù),探究三價(jià)砷在淡水硅藻中的吸附吸收行為、機(jī)制、以及多不飽和醛（Polyunsaturated aldehydes, PUAs）與硅（Silicon, Si）的介導(dǎo)作用；運(yùn)用透射電鏡（Transmission electron microscope, TEM）和原子力顯微鏡（Atomic force microscope, AFM）等超微表征技術(shù),探索三價(jià)砷和二甲基砷（Dimethylarsinic ac... 

【文章來(lái)源】：浙江大學(xué)浙江省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：136 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【部分圖文】：

環(huán)境中砷循環(huán)概圖

圖1-3常溫下砷形態(tài)與氧化還原的關(guān)系(LuandZhu，2011)re 1-3 The pH-Eh diagram for arsenic at 25 °C and 101.3 kPa (Lu and Zhu, 2污染與水質(zhì)相關(guān)性研究污染與水質(zhì)相關(guān)性分析的研究對(duì)自然水體水質(zhì)的管理尤為重要關(guān)性可以采取相應(yīng)措施來(lái)將降低砷污染引起的水生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)威脅氧化還原條件會(huì)影響砷形態(tài)的變化而改變砷的生物有效性及其氧水體中三價(jià)砷As(in)會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為五價(jià)砷As(V),而在還原性水etal., 1989)。研究表明，水體中有鐵存在時(shí)，坤會(huì)與FeOOH在相物質(zhì)，而在還原條件下，F(xiàn)eOOH因溶解及Fe3+會(huì)被還原成F解吸附作用而導(dǎo)致水體中砷濃度的增加（Gulens et al., 1979)。水也會(huì)與砷在礦物表面發(fā)生競(jìng)爭(zhēng)吸附，同時(shí)也能與砷形成復(fù)雜的砷的活性，從而影響水體砷的遷移與富集(王焰心等,2004)。另素也與砷污染呈現(xiàn)顯著的相關(guān)性，As(V)因與破化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)的相似

浙江大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文 緒論另一方面，PUAs充當(dāng)桂藻細(xì)胞的信息化學(xué)物質(zhì)以調(diào)節(jié)桂蓬生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程，即桂藻受到損傷后，釋放的PUAs被細(xì)胞感知，引起胞內(nèi)Ca2+濃度升高以及其他內(nèi)部調(diào)控機(jī)制的激活，呈現(xiàn)使細(xì)胞移動(dòng)、增強(qiáng)抗性和誘導(dǎo)調(diào)亡的刻量效應(yīng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)傳遞信號(hào)給相鄰的桂藻細(xì)胞（Leflaive andTen-Hage, 2009)。另有研究表明，自然情況下，桂漢會(huì)在其生長(zhǎng)后期釋放PUAs，誘導(dǎo)其細(xì)胞調(diào)亡，從而促進(jìn)其生態(tài)進(jìn)化過(guò)程(Vidoudez and Pohnert, 2008)。

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