【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和城市化進(jìn)程的發(fā)展,工業(yè)化進(jìn)程不斷加快,有機(jī)廢液排放量增加,含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液的問(wèn)題也愈發(fā)嚴(yán)重。含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液具有高COD含量、高鹽含量的特點(diǎn),如果未經(jīng)處理直接排放會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重污染。流化床焚燒處理含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液,因其特別的流體動(dòng)力特性及結(jié)構(gòu),在燃燒含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液時(shí)具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)。本文對(duì)含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液的排放和處理技術(shù)進(jìn)行了全面的綜述,針對(duì)某農(nóng)藥化工廠產(chǎn)生的含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液的性質(zhì),采用鼓泡流化床和循環(huán)流化床耦合的焚燒裝置進(jìn)行處理。對(duì)流化床焚燒處置裝置進(jìn)行冷態(tài)及高溫布風(fēng)板阻力實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)溫度修正方法進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn),在高溫段的計(jì)算值偏大于實(shí)際值。采用修正系數(shù)對(duì)溫度修正方法進(jìn)行修正能夠很好解決這一問(wèn)題。比較不同的修正方法,采用修正系數(shù)的溫度修正公式能夠準(zhǔn)確在較高流化風(fēng)溫度時(shí)的料層高度進(jìn)行計(jì)算,為排渣系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行提供參考。本文針對(duì)在流化床焚燒處理含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液的過(guò)程中,排渣系統(tǒng)內(nèi)灰渣在熔點(diǎn)溫度以下時(shí)出現(xiàn)的粘結(jié)問(wèn)題展開(kāi)研究。隨著焚燒實(shí)驗(yàn)的進(jìn)行,含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液中的鈉鹽(主要為NaCl)結(jié)晶析出,床料中的含鹽濃度不斷增加,導(dǎo)致排渣系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的灰渣逐漸發(fā)生粘結(jié)團(tuán)聚,造成排渣系統(tǒng)堵塞�；以辰Y(jié)是在多種作用力共同作用下的結(jié)果,含鹽高濃度有機(jī)廢液在灰渣粘結(jié)過(guò)程中起團(tuán)聚劑的作用,促進(jìn)灰渣發(fā)生粘結(jié)。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M了堿金屬鹽在排渣系統(tǒng)中的粘結(jié)情況,利用灰渣粘結(jié)結(jié)塊后對(duì)塊狀物的破碎壓力來(lái)表征灰渣的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度,破碎塊狀物所需的破碎壓力越大,則灰渣的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度越大。研究了堿金屬組成、加熱溫度、含水量、床料種類(lèi)及其占比等因素對(duì)灰渣粘結(jié)特性的影響。NaCl與Na_2SO_4的粘結(jié)特性受溫度與含水量的影響規(guī)律相似,粘結(jié)特性相差不大;破碎壓力隨著含水量和加熱溫度的增加而增加;床料含鹽濃度越大其破碎壓力也越大,在CaCO_3床料中比SiO_2床料更容易粘結(jié)。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy and urbanization process of our country, industrialization process is speeding up, the discharge of organic waste liquid is increasing, and the problem of high concentration organic waste liquid containing salt is becoming more and more serious. The organic wastewater with high concentration of salt has the characteristics of high content of COD and high content of salt. If it is discharged directly without treatment, it will cause serious pollution to the environment. Fluidized bed incineration treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater containing salt has obvious advantages in combustion of high-concentration organic waste liquid with salt due to its special hydrodynamic characteristics and structure. In this paper, the discharge and treatment technology of high-concentration organic wastewater containing salt are comprehensively reviewed, and the properties of high-concentration organic waste liquor with salt produced by a pesticide chemical plant are reviewed. A bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) and a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) coupled incinerator were used for treatment. The resistance tests of cold and high temperature air distribution plates in fluidized bed incineration disposal unit were carried out. The temperature correction method was tested and the calculated value was larger than the actual value in the high temperature section. Using the correction coefficient to modify the temperature correction method can solve this problem very well. Compared with different correction methods, the temperature correction formula of the correction coefficient can accurately calculate the bed height at higher fluidization air temperature, which provides a reference for the steady operation of the slag removal system. In the process of fluidized bed incineration treatment of high concentration organic waste liquid containing salt, the bond problem of ash slag in the slag discharge system under melting point temperature is studied. Along with the incineration experiment, the sodium salt (mainly NaCl) crystallized out in the high-concentration organic waste liquid with salt, and the salt concentration in the bed material increased constantly, which led to the bond and agglomeration of the ash in the slag discharge system and the blockage of the slag removal system. Lime-slag bonding is the result of the joint action of various forces. High-concentration organic waste liquid containing salt acts as aggregate agent in the process of lime-slag bonding, and promotes the bonding of ash-slag. The bond condition of alkali metal salt in slag removal system was simulated experimentally. The crushing pressure of ash slag after caking was used to characterize the bond strength of ash slag, and the larger the crushing pressure was, the more the crushing pressure was needed to break the lump material, and the bond strength of ash slag was characterized by the crushing pressure of ash slag after caking. The greater the bond strength of the slag, the greater the bond strength of the slag. The effects of alkali metal composition, heating temperature, water content, type of bed material and its ratio on bond properties of ash slag were studied. The bonding characteristics of Na_2SO_4 and NaCl were similar to those of water content and temperature, but there was no significant difference between them. The crushing pressure increases with the increase of water content and heating temperature, and the higher the salt concentration of the bed material is, the greater the crushing pressure is, which is easier to bond in the CaCO_3 bed material than in the SiO_2 bed material.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703

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