污泥低溫干燥特性與參數(shù)優(yōu)化
發(fā)布時間:2019-04-16 18:41
【摘要】:我國污泥產(chǎn)量巨大,污泥作為污水處理的剩余產(chǎn)物,具有含水率高、易腐爛、有惡臭等特點,并含有大量的微生物、寄生蟲以及重金屬。若不加合理處理處置,對環(huán)境將帶來嚴重的二次污染。傳統(tǒng)的污泥處置方式如填埋、堆肥、土地利用、建材利用以及焚燒均要求降低污泥含水率。熱干燥是降低污泥含水率的有效途徑。傳統(tǒng)的污泥熱干燥技術(shù)具有設備投資大、能耗高、運行費用高、存在爆炸風險以及產(chǎn)生二次污染等缺點。污泥低溫熱干燥技術(shù)作為一種新興的干燥技術(shù),具有節(jié)約能耗、減少惡臭氣體、保存污泥熱值、干燥過程安全等優(yōu)勢。為研究100℃以內(nèi)的污泥低溫干燥特性,搭建了污泥低溫熱風干燥試驗裝置。整個裝置主要包括干燥箱、加熱管、溫度控制系統(tǒng)、數(shù)據(jù)采集裝置、電力控制柜、高壓風機等組成。經(jīng)過對部分裝置的重新設計和相關(guān)設備的選型,該試驗裝置具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、操作簡便、節(jié)約成本等特點。對不同溫度、薄層厚度以及風速下的污泥低溫干燥特性進行了試驗研究,結(jié)果表明:污泥在低溫干燥過程中會產(chǎn)生明顯的收縮和裂紋;干燥溫度越高、薄層厚度越小以及熱風風速越大,污泥低溫干燥時間越短;低溫干燥過程可以分為升速階段、恒速階段和降速階段;整個干燥過程以降速階段為主,約占總干燥過程的2/3;降速階段存在較明顯的第一和第二降速階段,且第一臨界含水率和第二臨界含水率分別約為2.0g/g和0.5g/g(干基);與傳統(tǒng)的薄層干燥模型相比,新模型MR=aexp(-ktn)+b描述污泥低溫干燥過程的效果最優(yōu);Weibull分布函數(shù)可以準確地擬合污泥低溫干燥過程,干燥溫度、薄層厚度以及風速對尺度參數(shù)α有顯著影響,形狀參數(shù)β僅受干燥溫度的影響較明顯。在熱風風速0.6m/s,干燥溫度50~90℃的條件下,5、10和15mm薄層厚度污泥的水分有效擴散系數(shù)和活化能分別為:8.72×10-10~3.61×10-9、1.41×10-9~5.22×10-9、2.46×10-9~9.69×10-9m2/s和25.25、25.28和23.96kJ/mol。在干燥溫度70℃、熱風風速0.4和0.8m/s的條件下,薄層厚度10mm的污泥水分有效擴散系數(shù)為2.46×10-9和4.48×10-9m2/s。通過3因素3水平的正交試驗,得到相對單位能耗最佳工藝組合為干燥溫度90℃、風速0.8m/s、厚度10mm,平均干燥強度最優(yōu)工藝組合為干燥溫度90℃、風速0.8m/s、厚度5mm。本試驗結(jié)果為后續(xù)研究污泥太陽能與熱泵聯(lián)合干燥提供參考。
[Abstract]:The sludge of our country has the characteristics of high moisture content, perishable, odor and so on. It contains a large number of microorganisms, parasites and heavy metals as the residual product of sewage treatment. The sludge has the characteristics of high water content, perishability, odor and so on. If not properly disposed of, will bring serious secondary pollution to the environment. Traditional sludge disposal methods, such as landfill, composting, land use, building material utilization and incineration, all require the reduction of sludge moisture content. Thermal drying is an effective way to reduce the moisture content of sludge. The traditional sludge heat drying technology has many disadvantages, such as large equipment investment, high energy consumption, high operation cost, explosion risk and secondary pollution. As a new drying technology, low temperature thermal drying of sludge has many advantages, such as saving energy consumption, reducing odor gas, preserving sludge calorific value and safety of drying process. In order to study the low temperature drying characteristics of sludge under 100 鈩,
本文編號:2459002
[Abstract]:The sludge of our country has the characteristics of high moisture content, perishable, odor and so on. It contains a large number of microorganisms, parasites and heavy metals as the residual product of sewage treatment. The sludge has the characteristics of high water content, perishability, odor and so on. If not properly disposed of, will bring serious secondary pollution to the environment. Traditional sludge disposal methods, such as landfill, composting, land use, building material utilization and incineration, all require the reduction of sludge moisture content. Thermal drying is an effective way to reduce the moisture content of sludge. The traditional sludge heat drying technology has many disadvantages, such as large equipment investment, high energy consumption, high operation cost, explosion risk and secondary pollution. As a new drying technology, low temperature thermal drying of sludge has many advantages, such as saving energy consumption, reducing odor gas, preserving sludge calorific value and safety of drying process. In order to study the low temperature drying characteristics of sludge under 100 鈩,
本文編號:2459002
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