發(fā)布時間：2019-02-22 12:19

【摘要】：隨著我國城市化與工業(yè)化進程加快,人為因素對城市氣候以及空氣質(zhì)量的影響愈發(fā)明顯,城市熱島效應(yīng)與城市大氣污染問題愈發(fā)突出,工業(yè)生產(chǎn)燃燒礦物質(zhì)燃料釋放出巨大熱量的同時也伴隨著大量大氣污染物氣體的排放,其中,PM2.5、PM10污染對城市大氣環(huán)境影響巨大。而這些污染物能夠影響大氣輸送過程,改變城市大氣垂直運動,從而影響城市氣溫,進一步影響城市熱島分布。不同城市由于地形地貌以及污染源位置的不同,污染物對城市熱島效應(yīng)的影響也有所差異。研究兩者之間的分布關(guān)系對了解城市污染與熱島效應(yīng)形成原因,污染物傳輸機制等方面有著重要的意義;對城市布局,工廠選址,大氣污染治理起到輔助決策作用。本文運用北京市環(huán)境監(jiān)測點數(shù)據(jù)與氣象站數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合遙感數(shù)據(jù)從以下幾方面對北京市城市熱島效應(yīng)與PM2.5、PM10濃度分布關(guān)系進行研究,研究內(nèi)容包括:(1)對北京市主要大氣污染物進行研究,對不同類型監(jiān)測點的不同污染物逐月,分季度進行討論,并且對一天之內(nèi)污染物的變化進行分析。對PM2.5、PM10濃度的空間分布進行研究。按照國家空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對北京市PM2.5、PM10污染區(qū)域進行污染等級劃分。(2)對北京市氣溫分布規(guī)律及熱島強度進行研究。對不同季節(jié)城、郊氣溫以及熱島強度進行分析,對一天之內(nèi)的熱島強度變化進行了分析。對北京市熱島空間分布進行分析,按照相關(guān)劃分規(guī)則,對北京市熱島區(qū)域進行等級劃分。(3)對PM2.5、PM10與主要大氣污染物之間進行相關(guān)性分析及回歸分析。從時間上對PM2.5、PM10濃度與熱島強度數(shù)據(jù)進行相關(guān)性分析并且對兩者的空間格局進行分析。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization in China, the influence of human factors on urban climate and air quality is becoming more and more obvious, and the problem of urban heat island effect and urban air pollution is becoming more and more prominent. Industrial production and combustion of mineral fuels release a great deal of heat, but also accompanied by a large number of atmospheric pollutant gas emissions, among which, PM2.5,PM10 pollution on the urban atmospheric environment has a great impact. These pollutants can affect the atmospheric transport process, change the vertical movement of urban atmosphere, thus affect the urban air temperature, and further affect the distribution of urban heat island. The effects of pollutants on urban heat island are different in different cities due to the different topography and landform as well as the location of pollution sources. The study of the distribution relationship between the two plays an important role in understanding the cause of the formation of urban pollution and heat island effect and the mechanism of pollutant transfer, and plays an auxiliary decision-making role in the urban layout, the location of factories and the control of air pollution. In this paper, the relationship between urban heat island effect and PM2.5,PM10 concentration distribution in Beijing is studied from the following aspects by using the data of environmental monitoring points and meteorological stations in Beijing and remote sensing data. The research contents are as follows: (1) the main air pollutants in Beijing are studied, the different pollutants in different types of monitoring sites are discussed month by month and quarterly, and the variation of pollutants in one day is analyzed. The spatial distribution of PM2.5,PM10 concentration was studied. According to the national air quality standard, the pollution grade of PM2.5,PM10 pollution area in Beijing was classified. (2) the distribution of air temperature and the intensity of heat island in Beijing were studied. The temperature and the intensity of the heat island in different seasons were analyzed, and the change of the intensity of the heat island in one day was analyzed. This paper analyzes the spatial distribution of heat island in Beijing, and classifies the heat island area in Beijing according to the relevant classification rules. (3) the correlation analysis and regression analysis between PM2.5,PM10 and main air pollutants are carried out. The correlation between PM2.5,PM10 concentration and heat island intensity data was analyzed in time and the spatial pattern of both was analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X16;X513

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