發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-14 15:32

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)工業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的不斷提高,全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的地下水環(huán)境也遭到了不同程度的污染。近年來(lái),隨著地下水污染事件的頻繁爆發(fā),地下水污染問(wèn)題得到了政府和人民越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注。面對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞和民眾飲水安全問(wèn)題的擔(dān)憂(yōu),有必要采取及時(shí)有效的治理措施,對(duì)地下水污染進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)和修復(fù),緩解水資源危機(jī),維持社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定。經(jīng)過(guò)多年的研究,在地下水治理和修復(fù)技術(shù)、工藝方面已經(jīng)相當(dāng)成熟,短時(shí)間難以有所突破,許多學(xué)者將研究方向轉(zhuǎn)移到地下水修復(fù)系統(tǒng)與數(shù)值優(yōu)化技術(shù)的結(jié)合方面。本論文基于抽出處理法、生物修復(fù)等工藝技術(shù),采用TOPSIS法、PROMETHEE等多屬性、多目標(biāo)決策方法對(duì)不同修復(fù)周期下40個(gè)備選修復(fù)方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)選,并建立權(quán)重優(yōu)化模型解決現(xiàn)實(shí)中的權(quán)重信息不完全確定問(wèn)題。在優(yōu)選過(guò)程中,選擇抽吸率、污染物殘留濃度平均值、修復(fù)總成本和健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。研究結(jié)果表明,對(duì)污染場(chǎng)地施以越長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的修復(fù),修復(fù)效果越好,健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越低,但所需成本更高。例如,5年修復(fù)只需花費(fèi)1.109×106美元,就能使污染物濃度降至2.108mg/L,致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)約為3.849×104;10年修復(fù)成本約為5年的3倍,污染物殘留濃度降至0.228mg/L,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值低于5年的1/4;15年修復(fù)成本繼續(xù)攀升,為5年的4倍有余,污染物殘留濃度為5年的2.78%,致癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更低;20年修復(fù)的成本最高,為11.864×106美元,但污染物濃度和健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低至0.012mg/L和0.186×104。總之,更好的環(huán)境效益和較低的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)雖然耗費(fèi)更多的資金,但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益考慮是值得的。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of industry and the improvement of economic level, the groundwater environment in China has been polluted to varying degrees. In recent years, with the frequent outbreak of groundwater pollution events, groundwater pollution has been paid more and more attention by the government and people. In the face of the damage of ecological environment and the concern of drinking water safety, it is necessary to take timely and effective treatment measures to evaluate and repair groundwater pollution, to alleviate the crisis of water resources and to maintain social harmony and stability. After many years of research, the technology of groundwater treatment and remediation has been quite mature, and it is difficult to break through in a short time. Many scholars have shifted their research direction to the combination of groundwater remediation system and numerical optimization technology. Based on the extraction treatment, bioremediation and other techniques, 40 alternative restoration schemes under different repair cycles are selected by using TOPSIS method, PROMETHEE and other multi-attribute, multi-objective decision making methods in this paper. The weight optimization model is established to solve the problem of incomplete determination of weight information in reality. In the process of optimal selection, the suction rate, the average residual concentration of pollutants, the total cost of remediation and the health risk were selected as the evaluation indexes. The results show that the longer the contaminated site is repaired, the better the restoration effect is, the lower the health risk, but the higher the cost. For example, five years of repair cost only $1.109 by $10 6 to bring the concentration of pollutants down to 2.108 mg / L, with a cancer risk of about 3.849 脳 10 ~ 4; The cost of remediation in 10 years was about three times that of 5 years, and the residual concentration of pollutants decreased to 0.228 mg / L, and the risk value was less than 1 / 4 of that of 5 years. The cost of remediation continued to rise in 15 years, more than 4 times as much as that of 5 years, and the residual concentration of pollutants was 2.78% of that of 5 years, so the risk of carcinogenesis was lower. Repair costs were highest in 20 years, at $11.864 脳 10 ~ 6, but pollutant concentrations and health risks were as low as 0.012mg/L and 0.186 脳 10 ~ 4. Overall, better environmental benefits and lower health risks, while more costly, are worthwhile in the long run.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X523

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