【摘要】：雙酚A(Bisphenol,簡稱BPA)是一種典型的內(nèi)分泌干擾物,由于具有雌激素活性,人體攝入一定量這種物質(zhì)后,會出現(xiàn)身體假早熟、胎兒和兒童發(fā)育不正常、人體內(nèi)分泌失調(diào)等現(xiàn)象,甚至引發(fā)癌癥。雙酚A是一種人工合成的化學(xué)物質(zhì),它作為一種現(xiàn)代重要的化工原料被廣泛應(yīng)用于生活用品、輕工業(yè)等的方方面面,例如嬰兒使用的奶瓶當(dāng)中便含有雙酚A。由于雙酚A的制造或產(chǎn)品使用過程中存在泄露和廢品的不恰當(dāng)處理等現(xiàn)象,雙酚A及其易污染水體、土壤和大氣,進(jìn)而通過食物鏈、食物網(wǎng)進(jìn)入動物體和人體,經(jīng)積累超過限值導(dǎo)致人體健康受到不良影響。由于雙酚A的危害性,近年來其污染治理越來越受到人們的重視。傳統(tǒng)方法中,物理、化學(xué)處理雙酚A的過程有一定的局限性,導(dǎo)致處理結(jié)果有時達(dá)不到要求,因此生物降解的方法越來越受到重視,無論是在處理效果還是運行成本上都具有很大的優(yōu)勢及良好的發(fā)展前景。從沈陽北部污水處理廠曝氣池的活性污泥中馴化、分離出25株具有雙酚A降解能力的菌株,其中7株菌株的降解率均大于40%,分別命名為D-03、D-06、D-11、D-14、D-17、D-22和D-23。從這些降解能力較強(qiáng)的菌株中再次篩選得到了一株以雙酚A為碳源的高效降解菌株D-17,并通過菌體形態(tài)、生理生化反應(yīng)特性及16S r DNA基因測序分析對其進(jìn)行初步鑒定。結(jié)果表明,菌株D-17為乙酸鈣不動桿菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)。菌株D-17的降解條件試驗表明,該菌株的生長及降解雙酚A的最適條件為溶液p H 7.0,接種量10%,搖床轉(zhuǎn)速150 r/min,降解溫度30℃,降解時間5 d,當(dāng)雙酚A初始濃度為60 mg/L,雙酚A降解率可達(dá)52.62%。菌株D-17的最大耐受雙酚A濃度是140 mg/L。另外,外加葡萄糖時,雙酚A降解率降至40.37%;外加Na2HPO4+KH2PO4時,雙酚A降解率增加到了60.01%;外加蛋白胨可使雙酚A降解率提高至57.15%。
[Abstract]:Bisphenol A (BPA) is a typical endocrine disrupting substance. Because of its estrogenic activity, the body will become precocious, the fetus and children will not develop normally, and the human body will have endocrine disorders after ingesting a certain amount of this substance. It even causes cancer. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical substance. As an important chemical material, bisphenol A is widely used in many aspects of daily necessities, light industry and so on. For example, bisphenol A is found in baby bottles. Due to the leakage of bisphenol A and improper disposal of waste products during the manufacture or use of bisphenol A, bisphenol A and its easily polluted water, soil and atmosphere enter animals and human bodies through the food chain and food web. Human health is adversely affected by accumulation exceeding the limit. Because of the harmfulness of bisphenol A, people pay more and more attention to its pollution control in recent years. In the traditional methods, the physical and chemical treatment of bisphenol A has some limitations, which leads to the treatment results sometimes not up to the requirements, so more and more attention has been paid to the biodegradation method. Both the processing effect and the running cost have great advantages and good development prospects. After acclimation from activated sludge in aeration tank of North Shenyang sewage treatment Plant, 25 strains with the ability to degrade bisphenol A were isolated. The degradation rates of 7 strains were all greater than 40. They were named D-03C D-06N D-11C D-14, respectively. D-17, D-22 and D-23. A highly efficient strain D-17 with bisphenol A as carbon source was obtained from these strains with strong biodegradation ability. The strain D-17 was preliminarily identified by cell morphology, physiological and biochemical reaction characteristics and 16s r DNA gene sequencing analysis. The results showed that strain D-17 was Acinetobacter calcium Acinetobacter (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus). The degradation conditions of strain D-17 showed that the optimum conditions for growth and degradation of bisphenol A were as follows: solution pH 7.0, inoculation amount 10, shaking speed 150 r / min, degradation temperature 30 鈩，

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