【摘要】：近年來(lái)在我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,人們消費(fèi)能力攀升的同時(shí)也帶來(lái)大量消費(fèi)過(guò)后產(chǎn)生的廢棄物難以處理的難題,廢棄物在焚燒后產(chǎn)生的包含大量有害物質(zhì)與重金屬的飛灰又會(huì)帶來(lái)新的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,針對(duì)于飛灰的理化特性,研究表明利用水泥回轉(zhuǎn)窯的高溫工況來(lái)去除有害物質(zhì)的同時(shí)將大部分重金屬固定在熟料中是一種可行有效的處置手段。本文對(duì)協(xié)同處置過(guò)程中重金屬As、Cd、Sb、Pb的行為進(jìn)行熱力學(xué)模擬,并結(jié)合相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料與實(shí)驗(yàn)室煅燒條件和實(shí)際工業(yè)生產(chǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)下重金屬物質(zhì)的流向進(jìn)行對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)流向的不同導(dǎo)致最終固定率存在較大差異。通過(guò)熱力學(xué)模擬與實(shí)驗(yàn)室煅燒數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者比較吻合,以上幾種重金屬的固定率分別約為78%、42%、53%、5%,但與水泥廠現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)偏差較大,實(shí)際工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中90%以上的重金屬固留于熟料中,排放進(jìn)入大氣的重金屬小于0.01~1%。實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中窯灰量占到了生料總量的15%左右,窯灰中包含了大量的高揮發(fā)率重金屬,如Pb、Cd,利用簡(jiǎn)化窯灰循環(huán)模型模擬窯灰重新入窯的工況,得出結(jié)果表明窯灰循環(huán)對(duì)高揮發(fā)率重金屬的固定有明顯作用,在經(jīng)歷多個(gè)循環(huán)后,揮發(fā)率較高的重金屬的固定率逐漸增加并最終趨于穩(wěn)定。在循環(huán)過(guò)程的計(jì)算中選擇4個(gè)梯度的不同比例的焚燒飛灰替代率,分別為1%、5%、10%和20%,對(duì)窯灰和熟料中重金屬濃度的變化進(jìn)行計(jì)算,循環(huán)穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下不同的替代率對(duì)As在窯灰與熟料中的濃度影響不大,Cd、Sb、Pb的在窯灰與熟料中的變化十分明顯。在非穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下設(shè)定窯灰循環(huán)率為0.4與1,發(fā)現(xiàn)重金屬在熟料中的固定率呈明顯的曲線增加趨勢(shì),循環(huán)率越高,重金屬原本的揮發(fā)率越高,達(dá)到穩(wěn)定時(shí)經(jīng)歷的循環(huán)越多,曲線的趨勢(shì)也越明顯,尤其對(duì)Cd與Pb更是如此,表明揮發(fā)率高的重金屬會(huì)附著在窯灰上經(jīng)過(guò)多次循環(huán)最終固定在熟料中。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid economic development of our country, people's consumption power has increased, and at the same time, it has also brought about the difficult problem of disposal of a large amount of waste produced after consumption. After incineration, the fly ash, which contains a lot of harmful substances and heavy metals, will bring new environmental problems, aiming at the physicochemical properties of Yu Fei ash. The study shows that it is a feasible and effective method to remove harmful substances and immobilize most heavy metals in clinker by using the high temperature condition of cement rotary kiln. In this paper, the behavior of heavy metal As,Cd,Sb,Pb in the process of synergistic disposal was simulated by thermodynamics, and the results were compared with the calcination conditions in laboratory and the flow direction of heavy metals under actual industrial production monitoring. It is found that the difference of flow direction leads to great difference in the final fixed rate. Through the comparison between thermodynamic simulation and laboratory calcination data, it is found that the above two kinds of heavy metals are in good agreement with each other. The fixed rates of the above heavy metals are about 78% and 42% and 53% respectively, but there is a big deviation from the field monitoring data of cement plant. More than 90% of the heavy metals in the industrial production remain in the clinker, and the heavy metals discharged into the atmosphere are less than 0.01kW. In actual production, the kiln ash accounts for about 15% of the total raw material, and the kiln ash contains a large number of heavy metals with high volatilization rate. For example, Pb,Cd, uses a simplified kiln ash circulation model to simulate the operating conditions of kiln ash re-entering the kiln. The results show that the kiln ash cycle has an obvious effect on the fixation of heavy metals with high volatilization rate. After several cycles, the fixed rate of heavy metals with higher volatilization rate gradually increases and eventually tends to stabilize. In the calculation of the cycle process, four different proportions of incineration fly ash substitution rates of 1% and 20% were chosen to calculate the change of heavy metal concentration in kiln ash and clinker. The concentration of As in kiln ash and clinker is not affected by different substitution rate under stable cycle condition, but the change of Cd,Sb,Pb in kiln ash and clinker is very obvious. The fixed rate of heavy metals in clinker increased obviously, the higher the cycle rate was, the higher the volatilization rate of heavy metals was, and the more the cycle was achieved, the higher the cycle was when the kiln ash circulation rate was 0.4 and 1, respectively, in the unstable state, the fixed rate of heavy metals in clinker increased obviously. The trend of the curve is more obvious, especially for Cd and Pb, which indicates that heavy metals with high volatilization rate will be attached to kiln ash after many cycles and finally fixed in clinker.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X70

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 Гармаш Г.А.;楊書潤(rùn);;蔬菜與土壤中的重金屬[J];農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境與發(fā)展;1986年01期

2 靜亭;;無(wú)處不在的重金屬[J];今日民航;2012年06期

3 李俊莉,宋華明;土壤理化性質(zhì)對(duì)重金屬行為的影響分析[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)動(dòng)態(tài);2003年01期

4 范昆侖,范先祿;重金屬元素對(duì)重慶近郊作物污染狀況調(diào)查[J];重慶工商大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2004年06期

5 阮心玲;張甘霖;趙玉國(guó);袁大剛;吳運(yùn)金;;基于高密度采樣的土壤重金屬分布特征及遷移速率[J];環(huán)境科學(xué);2006年05期

6 胡貴林;;重金屬對(duì)水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物的影響研究概述[J];畜牧獸醫(yī)科技信息;2007年09期

7 秦勝;;煤礦矸石山周圍土壤中重金屬分布研究[J];中國(guó)煤炭;2008年03期

8 王陸軍;朱恩平;;秦嶺鉛鋅礦冶煉廠區(qū)周邊土壤重金屬分布特征研究[J];寶雞文理學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2008年02期

9 廖啟林;華明;金洋;黃順生;朱伯萬(wàn);翁志華;潘永敏;;江蘇省土壤重金屬分布特征與污染源初步研究[J];中國(guó)地質(zhì);2009年05期

10 董霽紅;卞正富;于敏;狄春雷;;礦區(qū)充填復(fù)墾土壤重金屬分布特征研究[J];中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年03期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 王元仲;李冬梅;高云鳳;;河北省優(yōu)勢(shì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品-小麥、玉米產(chǎn)區(qū)土壤重金屬分布研究[A];首屆全國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2005年

2 張?chǎng)?周濤發(fā);殷漢琴;楊西飛;;銅陵礦區(qū)水系沉積物中重金屬分布特征[A];全國(guó)環(huán)境生態(tài)地球化學(xué)調(diào)查與評(píng)價(jià)論文摘要集[C];2006年

3 竇磊;馬瑾;周永章;付善明;;鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)密集區(qū)土壤-蔬菜系統(tǒng)重金屬分布特性分析——以廣東東莞為例[A];中國(guó)礦物巖石地球化學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)第11屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2007年

4 魏榮菲;莊舜堯;楊浩;戎靜;王小雷;;蘇州河網(wǎng)區(qū)河道沉積物重金屬的污染特征[A];土壤資源持續(xù)利用和生態(tài)環(huán)境安全——中國(guó)土壤學(xué)會(huì)第十一屆二次理事擴(kuò)大會(huì)議暨學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2009年

5 陳亮;李團(tuán)結(jié);;珠江口及粵西海區(qū)表層沉積物重金屬分布特征[A];熱帶海洋科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)暨第八屆廣東海洋湖沼學(xué)會(huì)、第七屆廣東海洋學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)員代表大會(huì)論文及摘要匯編[C];2013年

6 陳偉;張小輝;祁士華;宋國(guó)強(qiáng);邢新麗;譚凌智;馬先鋒;李愛民;;湖北省大冶市東、西港河河水中重金屬分布特征[A];第六屆全國(guó)環(huán)境化學(xué)大會(huì)暨環(huán)境科學(xué)儀器與分析儀器展覽會(huì)摘要集[C];2011年

7 谷蕾;;連霍高速不同運(yùn)營(yíng)路段路旁土壤重金屬分布及潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)[A];地理學(xué)核心問(wèn)題與主線——中國(guó)地理學(xué)會(huì)2011年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)暨中國(guó)科學(xué)院新疆生態(tài)與地理研究所建所五十年慶典論文摘要集[C];2011年

8 李永進(jìn);湯玉喜;唐潔;吳敏;;洞庭湖退田還湖灘地土壤重金屬分布與潛在的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)[A];第二屆中國(guó)林業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)大會(huì)——S4 人工林培育理論與技術(shù)論文集[C];2009年

9 WANG Yingfei;GAO Jianhua;;鴨綠江河口西岸潮間帶沉積物中重金屬分布的影響因素分析[A];中國(guó)海洋湖沼學(xué)會(huì)第十次全國(guó)會(huì)員代表大會(huì)暨學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2012年

10 袁晉;李非里;盛光遙;;覆膜種植下重金屬在土壤-萵苣的遷移特征[A];中國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)第27屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)第02分會(huì)場(chǎng)摘要集[C];2010年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前2條

1 重慶大學(xué)城環(huán)學(xué)院環(huán)境工程系教授 王濤;重金屬來(lái)襲 “菜籃子”安全堪憂[N];人民政協(xié)報(bào);2013年

2 韋s，

本文編號(hào)：2399564