【摘要】：近年來,我國的鋅冶煉行業(yè)增長迅速,總產(chǎn)量連續(xù)多年位居世界第一,然而在鋅產(chǎn)能飛速發(fā)展的同時,鋅冶煉廢渣的處理問題也逐步凸現(xiàn),由于受傳統(tǒng)工藝和經(jīng)營方式所限,大量的廢渣棄于地表,占用土地,污染環(huán)境,造成資源浪費,而在這些廢渣中又含有大量的有價金屬元素,可成為重要的二次資源,因此綜合利用這些廢渣中的有價金屬,是有色金屬工業(yè)環(huán)保工作中的一項非常重要的任務(wù)。本文以浸鋅渣為原料,探究了綜合利用其中的金、銀、銦、硫和鐵的方法,通過單因素實驗確定了最佳條件:1)鍛燒實驗:鍛燒溫度:700℃,煅燒時間:2.0 h,CaCl2的加入量:6%; 2)堿浸除硅實驗:液固比:4:1,堿浸溫度:120℃,氫氧化鈉的濃度:12 mol/L,堿浸時間:2.0 h; 3)浸出提銀實驗:液固比3:1,浸金劑用量:0.5 %,亞硫酸鈉0.09mol/L,氨水濃度0.8 mol/L,硫酸銅濃度:0.038 mol/L,pH≥11,浸出時間:6 h。在上述條件下,金、銀、銦的回收率分別高達96.90 %、89.38 %和95.65 %,硫的利用率也達到71.12%,經(jīng)碳酸鈉溶液吸收做成亞硫酸鈉,最終產(chǎn)品氧化鐵紅中氧化鐵含量達到了 82.50%,達到了國標B類型的要求�？傮w來說,整個實驗實現(xiàn)了浸鋅渣的綜合利用。本文進行了年處理9000噸浸鋅渣綜合利用項目的工藝設(shè)計。首先在工藝流程確定的基礎(chǔ)上對各工段的單元操作進行了物料衡算,繪制了物料流程圖(PFD),同時對典型的換熱設(shè)備進行了熱量衡算;其次根據(jù)物料和熱量衡算進行了設(shè)備選型,確定了主要設(shè)備的規(guī)格型號并匯總得到設(shè)備一覽表;同時對典型設(shè)備進行控制方案的設(shè)計,繪制了管道及儀表流程圖(PID);最后完成了車間設(shè)備的布置設(shè)計。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the zinc smelting industry in our country has been growing rapidly, and the total output has been ranked first in the world for many years. However, with the rapid development of zinc production capacity, the treatment of zinc smelting waste residue has gradually emerged, which is limited by the traditional technology and management mode. A large amount of waste residue is discarded on the surface of the earth, occupies land, pollutes the environment, causes waste of resources, and contains a large amount of valuable metal elements in these wastes, which can become an important secondary resource. Therefore, the valuable metals in these wastes can be comprehensively utilized. Is a nonferrous metal industry environmental protection work in a very important task. In this paper, the method of comprehensive utilization of gold, silver, indium, sulfur and iron from zinc leaching slag was studied. The optimum conditions were determined by single factor experiment: 1) forging experiment: forging temperature: 700 鈩，

本文編號：2397321