【摘要】：瓦埠湖是淮河流域最大的湖泊,同時(shí)是安徽省五大淡水湖泊之一,地涉六安、合肥、淮南三市。瓦埠湖是“引江濟(jì)淮”工程的重要水體、淮河流域重要的蓄滯洪區(qū),而且又是周圍居民的飲用水源,其水環(huán)境質(zhì)量直接影響流域經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展。目前全國(guó)還沒(méi)有專家和學(xué)者調(diào)查和研究瓦埠湖水環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀,本文旨在對(duì)瓦埠湖水環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀和流域污染源做具體分析,同時(shí)對(duì)瓦埠湖水生態(tài)健康進(jìn)行評(píng)估。論文主要包含以下幾點(diǎn):(1)瓦埠湖依據(jù)地理因素可分為北部湖區(qū)、中部湖區(qū)和南部湖區(qū),流域主要大型河流為新河、莊墓河、陡澗河和東淝河。本文依據(jù)2011年8月-2015年12月瓦埠湖流域水質(zhì)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),參考相關(guān)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)處理和分析方法對(duì)瓦埠湖三個(gè)湖區(qū)和四條入(出)湖河流的水質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析,并對(duì)瓦埠湖水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化狀況進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。內(nèi)美羅指數(shù)法評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示:北湖區(qū)去水質(zhì)為Ⅲ水,中部湖區(qū)和南部湖區(qū)為水質(zhì)Ⅳ類水;新河、東淝河和陡澗河水質(zhì)為Ⅳ類水,莊墓河水質(zhì)為Ⅴ類水。富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化結(jié)果評(píng)價(jià)顯示湖區(qū)水體綜合富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化指數(shù)超過(guò)50,為輕度富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)。(2)為進(jìn)一步了解瓦埠湖水環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀,選取2014年1月-2015年12月監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),采用基于熵值分析法的集對(duì)分析模型對(duì)瓦埠湖三個(gè)湖區(qū)水質(zhì)和底泥進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。水質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示:北湖區(qū)去水質(zhì)為Ⅲ水,中部湖區(qū)和南部湖區(qū)為水質(zhì)Ⅳ類水。底泥評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示三個(gè)湖區(qū)底泥質(zhì)量均為Ⅴ類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(3)為了了解瓦埠湖流域的污染狀況,本文對(duì)瓦埠湖流域的主要污染源進(jìn)行調(diào)查,并對(duì)污染物的排放量和入湖量進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果顯示,瓦埠湖流域主要污染物為總磷和總氮,主要污染源為農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染。瓦埠湖流域污染物主要來(lái)源于壽縣。(4)水生態(tài)綜合健康指數(shù)表明,瓦埠湖目前的健康狀態(tài)為中等,較上世紀(jì)八十年代和2002年有所下降。瓦埠湖水體中總氮、總磷和COD含量均有所上升,水體浮游植物和浮游動(dòng)物增加,底棲動(dòng)物量減少,水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)多樣性下降。
[Abstract]:Wabu Lake is the largest lake in the Huaihe River Basin and one of the five largest freshwater lakes in Anhui Province. Wabu Lake is an important water body in the project of "diversion from the Yangtze River to Jihuai River". It is an important flood storage and detention area in the Huaihe River Basin and is also a drinking water source for the surrounding residents. The quality of its water environment directly affects the economic and social development of the basin. At present, there are no experts and scholars in China to investigate and study the current situation of water environment in Wabu Lake. The purpose of this paper is to make a concrete analysis of the current situation of water environment in Wabu Lake and the pollution sources of the basin, and to evaluate the ecological health of the water in Wabu Lake. The paper mainly includes the following points: (1) the Wabu Lake can be divided into the northern lake region, the central lake area and the southern lake area according to the geographical factors. The main rivers in the basin are Xinhe River, Zhuangmu River, steep Jianhe River and Dongfeihe River. Based on the monitoring data of water quality in Wabu Lake Basin from August 2011 to December 2015, the water quality of three lakes and four rivers in and out of Lake Wabu Lake is analyzed with reference to the data processing and analysis method of relevant literature. The eutrophication of Wabu Lake was evaluated. The evaluation results of Nemero index showed that the water quality of the north lake region was 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2353036