【摘要】：霧霾問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重地影響了我們每一天的工作和生活,而霧霾的主要構(gòu)成之一,PM2.5也逐漸成為人們?nèi)粘ｊP(guān)心的空氣質(zhì)量指標(biāo);氡及氡子體對(duì)人類(lèi)健康的影響,尤其在增大肺癌病患的幾率方面,也越來(lái)越受到人們的關(guān)注與預(yù)防。鑒于氡及其子體、PM2.5對(duì)人類(lèi)生活和健康的影響之大,研究氡及其子體與PM2.5之間是否存在一定的相關(guān)性,則可為針對(duì)它們的研究提供不同的角度,還可為氡及其子體在PM2.5形成過(guò)程中參與的程度提供理論依據(jù),為環(huán)境保護(hù)及霧霾治理提供理論基礎(chǔ),進(jìn)而預(yù)防及減小它們對(duì)人類(lèi)生活發(fā)展造成的影響。為了研究北京地區(qū)氡及其子體與PM2.5 (PM10)的關(guān)系,以及它們的變化趨勢(shì),同時(shí)考慮氣象因素在其中的影響,我們使用德國(guó)TRACERLAB公司生產(chǎn)的ERS/RDM-2S雙通道氡釷及其子體探測(cè)儀,在北京市海淀區(qū)某地對(duì)近地表氡濃度(CRn)、氡平衡當(dāng)量濃度(EEC-Rn)、釷射氣平衡當(dāng)量濃度(EEC-Tn)進(jìn)行連續(xù)兩個(gè)月的實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)量,并選擇距測(cè)點(diǎn)最近的國(guó)家氣象站點(diǎn),記錄其實(shí)時(shí)發(fā)布的PM2.5、PM10數(shù)據(jù)及溫度、相對(duì)濕度等氣象數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)而研究它們的變化趨勢(shì)及相互之間的關(guān)系。通過(guò)對(duì)這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行整理、作圖表及分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn):2015年11月至2016年1月日均氡濃度為8-33 Bq/m3,平均約21 Bq/m3;日均EEC-Rn、EEC-Tn與PM2.5的相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.668、0.516;日均相對(duì)濕度與日均EEC-Rn、PM2.5的相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.597、0.651。由此可以得出結(jié)論,氡濃度及PM2.5濃度在實(shí)驗(yàn)期間的波動(dòng)范圍較大;EEC-Rn與PM2.5呈明顯正相關(guān);EEC-Tn也與PM2.5有一定的相關(guān)性;相對(duì)濕度與EEC-Rn、PM2.5存在正相關(guān)性,在一定程度上能影響它們的變化趨勢(shì),且濕度與PM2.5的相關(guān)系數(shù)更大。
[Abstract]:The problem of haze has seriously affected our daily work and life, and one of the main components of haze, PM2.5 has gradually become a daily concern of air quality indicators; The influence of radon and radon progeny on human health, especially in increasing the probability of lung cancer patients, has been paid more and more attention and prevention. In view of the fact that radon and its offspring have a great impact on human life and health, the study of the correlation between radon and its daughters and PM2.5 can provide different perspectives for their research. It can also provide theoretical basis for the degree of radon and its daughters participating in the formation of PM2.5, provide theoretical basis for environmental protection and haze management, and then prevent and reduce their influence on the development of human life. In order to study the relationship between radon and its progeny and PM2.5 (PM10) in Beijing area, and the trend of their change, and to consider the influence of meteorological factors in them, We use the ERS/RDM-2S dual-channel radon and thorium detector produced by TRACERLAB Company of Germany to detect radon concentration (CRn), equilibrium equivalent concentration (EEC-Rn) near the ground surface in Haidian District of Beijing. The thorium emission equilibrium equivalent concentration (EEC-Tn) was measured in real time for two months in a row, and the national meteorological station nearest to the measuring point was selected to record the PM2.5,PM10 data, temperature, relative humidity and other meteorological data released in real time. Then we study their changing trend and the relationship between them. By collating, charting and analyzing these data, we find that the average daily radon concentration from November 2015 to January 2016 is 8 to 33 Bq/m3, averaging about 21 Bq/m3;. The correlation coefficients between daily average EEC-Rn,EEC-Tn and PM2.5 were 0.668 and 0.516, respectively, and the correlation coefficients between daily average relative humidity and daily average EEC-Rn,PM2.5 were 0.597 and 0.651respectively. It can be concluded that radon concentration and PM2.5 concentration fluctuate in large range during the experiment period, EEC-Rn and PM2.5 are positively correlated, EEC-Tn also has certain correlation with PM2.5. There is a positive correlation between relative humidity and EEC-Rn,PM2.5, which can influence their changing trend to some extent, and the correlation coefficient between humidity and PM2.5 is larger.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X513

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