南京市大氣細(xì)顆粒物中碳組分的時(shí)空分布特征及來(lái)源研究
[Abstract]:Carbon component is one of the main components of atmospheric particulate matter, which has an important impact on atmospheric visibility, environmental quality, climate change and human health. However, the current understanding of carbon components in atmospheric particulates is still inadequate. Due to the lack of systematic observation data, most of the existing research work is scattered and less representative. Based on the observation data of the chemical components of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Nanjing over the past 5 years, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the carbon components in PM2.5 and the correlation between the carbon components and other components were systematically studied. The effects of different polluted weather processes on carbon components were analyzed, and the source and control measures of carbon components were discussed. The results show that compared with 2011 and 2012, the mass concentrations of PM2.5, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) decreased in Nanjing in recent three years (2013-2015). The average contribution rate of total carbon (Total Carbon,TC) to PM2.5 concentration reached 22%, indicating that the carbon component is still the main chemical component of PM2.5. The average annual concentrations of OC and EC in six sampling sites in Nanjing were not different, which indicated that the concentration of carbon components was uniform in spatial distribution. The average annual ratio of OC/EC in the six sampling sites was more than 2.0, which indicated that the secondary aerosol pollution affected Nanjing area obviously. OC,EC,. The mass concentrations of primary organic carbon (POC) and secondary organic carbon (SOC) have the same seasonal variation characteristics, both of which are higher in autumn and winter and lower in spring and summer. The mean value in winter is almost twice that in summer. The results show that carbon aerosol pollution is serious in winter. In spring, there is a significant correlation between OC,EC and s-K, NO2, indicating that biomass combustion and motor vehicle emissions contribute to the concentration of carbon components in spring. In summer, EC, SO42-,NH4 and SO2 have obvious correlation, indicating that industrial coal burning in summer is one of the sources of carbon components. In autumn, the correlation coefficients between OC,EC, SO42-,NO2,SO2 and secondary inorganic salt ions were higher, and there were significant correlations between SOC and S02 no _ 2 and O _ 3, which indicated that not only the contribution of motor vehicles and coal combustion existed in autumn, but also the correlation between SOC and S02O _ 2 and O _ 3. The secondary conversion source is also the main source of carbon components. In winter, except 03, the correlation between carbon components, secondary inorganic salts and gaseous pollutants was more significant than that in the other three seasons, which indicated that the homology of the pollutants in winter increased and there were motor vehicle emissions. The common contribution of coal combustion and secondary transformation. From clean days to heavily polluted days, EC and POC increased the most (306.1% and 299.5%), SOC) the least (238.5%). The results show that the contribution of primary pollutant emission to carbon aerosol is more significant than that of secondary generation. At the same time, there is almost no correlation between OC and EC in heavily polluted days, which indicates that the source of carbon aerosol pollution has changed greatly. The temporary pollution abatement and control measures implemented during the period of YYC and YOC have significant effect on the reduction of PM2.5, carbon composition and the concentration of gaseous pollutants, indicating that high intensity pollution control measures reduce industrial coal combustion. The contribution of vehicle emissions and secondary conversion to carbon components. The sources of carbon aerosol pollution in different seasons of Nanjing were identified by the ratio judgment method and the carbon spectrum analysis method. The results show that the contribution of secondary organic carbon aerosol (SOA) in winter is more significant than that in the other three seasons. Industrial coal combustion and motor vehicle emissions contribute significantly to carbon aerosols in summer, while SOA contribution is relatively small. The contribution of biomass combustion and dust in spring is obvious. There may also be a significant contribution from secondary transformation sources in autumn.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號(hào)】:X513
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