【摘要】：廢棄生物質在廢水處理的開發(fā)應用中有著環(huán)境、社會和經濟的效益。本文選用核桃殼為原料,采用草酸銨活化改性-馬弗爐加熱炭化的方法法制備活性炭(CAC),產炭率為44.1%。用等電點、SEM、FT-IR、比表面積測定、表面官能團測定等手段對CAC進行表征,并用CAC吸附水中的4-氯苯酚(4-CP),2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)和亮綠(LG)。試驗條件下,吸附量達到:73.2、104、120 mg·g-1,實驗結果證明CAC對水中有機污染物有很好的吸附效果。靜態(tài)吸附實驗主要研究了吸附劑用量、pH值、鹽度、吸附時間、初始濃度和溫度等因素對CAC吸附性能的影響,動態(tài)吸附實驗主要研究了柱高、流速及吸附質初始濃度對CAC吸附性能的影響。對吸附等溫線、動力學曲線及動態(tài)吸附穿透曲線進行模型擬合分析,結果顯示如下:(1)CAC對4-CP吸附性能受pH影響較小。pH的增大不利于CAC吸附2,4-D與LG,均取最佳pH=2。鹽度的變化對CAC吸附4-CP和2,4-D影響均不大,鹽度的增大不利于CAC吸附LG。升溫有利于4-CP和2,4-D的吸附,不利于LG的吸附。(2)Temkin模型可用于描述CAC對4-CP和2,4-D的吸附等溫線,Koble-Corrigan模型可用于描述CAC對2,4-D和LG的吸附等溫線。Elovich方程可以用來描述CAC吸附4-CP的動力學曲線,準二級動力學方程可用來描述CAC對2,4-D和LG的動力學曲線。推測吸附是非均勻表面的多分子層化學吸附過程。由熱力學參數以及活化能計算結果可以看出,CAC對4-CP和2,4-D的吸附過程均是自發(fā)、吸熱、熵增的過程,CAC對LG的吸附過程是自發(fā)、放熱、熵減的過程,物理和化學吸附在三個過程中均有體現。(3)動態(tài)吸附實驗表明,柱子越高、流速越慢、濃度越大越有利于吸附的進行。Yan模型可以很好的預測CAC對4-CP、2,4-D和LG動態(tài)吸附穿透曲線。解吸再生研究發(fā)現,乙醇溶液對CAC吸附4-CP和2,4-D都有具有很好的解吸再生效果。NaOH溶液對CAC吸附LG的解吸效果較好,HCl對CAC吸附LG的再生效果較好,吸附材料均可以重復利用。
[Abstract]:Waste biomass has environmental, social and economic benefits in the development and application of wastewater treatment. In this paper, activated carbon (CAC),) was prepared from walnut shell by ammonium oxalate-heating carbonization method, and the yield of activated carbon was 44.1%. CAC was characterized by isoelectric point, specific surface area of SEM,FT-IR, and surface functional group. 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 2o 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (4-CP) and bright green (LG). Were adsorbed by CAC. Under the experimental conditions, the adsorption capacity reached 73.2104120 mg g-1. The experimental results show that CAC has a good adsorption effect on organic pollutants in water. The static adsorption experiments mainly studied the effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH value, salinity, adsorption time, initial concentration and temperature on the adsorption performance of CAC. The effects of flow rate and initial concentration of adsorbate on the adsorption performance of CAC. The model fitting analysis of adsorption isotherm, kinetic curve and dynamic adsorption penetration curve is carried out. The results show that: (1) the adsorption properties of CAC to 4-CP are less affected by pH. The increase of pH is not conducive to the adsorption of 24-D and LG, by CAC. Average optimal pH=2. The change of salinity had little effect on the adsorption of 4-CP and 2n4-D by CAC, but the increase of salinity was not conducive to the adsorption of LG. by CAC. (2) the Temkin model can be used to describe the adsorption isotherms of CAC for 4-CP and 2O4-D. The Koble-Corrigan model can be used to describe the adsorption isotherms of CAC for 2C4-D and LG. The Elovich equation can be used to describe the kinetic curves of CAC adsorption 4-CP, and the quasi-second-order kinetic equation can be used to describe the CAC kinetic curves of 24-D and LG. It is inferred that the adsorption process of multimolecular layer chemisorption on heterogeneous surface. From the thermodynamic parameters and the calculated results of activation energy, it can be seen that the adsorption process of 4-CP and 24-D by CAC is spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increasing, and the adsorption process of LG by CAC is spontaneous, exothermic and entropy decreasing. (3) dynamic adsorption experiments show that the higher the column is, the slower the flow rate is, and the higher the concentration is, the more favorable the adsorption is. Yan model can be used to predict the effect of CAC on 4-CP. (2) dynamic adsorption and penetration curves of 4-D and LG. The results of desorption and regeneration showed that ethanol solution had good desorption and regeneration effect on CAC adsorption of 4-CP and 2o 4-D, NaOH solution had better desorption effect on CAC adsorption of LG and HCl on CAC adsorption of LG. Adsorption materials can be reused.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703;TQ424.1

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 劉娟;張盼;包雙翔;姚鑫;邢艷杰;;嗜鉛菌的干粉制備及吸附研究[J];大連民族學院學報;2012年05期

2 徐浩龍;;硅溶膠改性羧甲基纖維素-聚丙烯酸對鉛(Ⅱ)的吸附研究[J];河南科學;2012年07期

3 向陽，范瑾初，，高廷耀;膠聯蒙脫土對水中芳烴和鹵代烴的吸附研究[J];同濟大學學報(自然科學版);1995年03期

4 李改枝,趙慧,呂三虎;苯甲酸在土壤中的吸附研究[J];內蒙古師范大學學報(自然科學漢文版);2004年01期

5 朱樹秀,姚鷹,賈靜貽;新疆灰漠土對~14C-辛硫磷的吸附研究[J];農業(yè)環(huán)境科學學報;1989年05期

6 馮易君,陳文浚,李首健,張大元,向芹;水合氧化鐵對廢水中某些放射性核素的吸附研究[J];環(huán)境污染與防治;1995年02期

7 張瑋;魏愛斌;;改性橙皮對汞的吸附研究[J];廣東化工;2012年05期

8 艾亞菲;;超細椰果纖維素對銅離子的吸附研究[J];水處理技術;2008年07期

9 賈松濤;;泥炭對水中重金屬的吸附研究[J];今日科苑;2009年20期

10 黃燕,江林根,陳國慶;粘土對硒的吸附研究.Ⅱ.[J];離子交換與吸附;1993年04期

相關會議論文 前10條

1 李德亮;劉晴;李霞;于飛;;氨基改性二氧化硅對茜素紅的吸附研究[A];第十屆中國化學會分析化學年會暨第十屆全國原子光譜學術會議論文摘要集[C];2009年

2 劉明學;董發(fā)勤;劉靜;王海燕;龐小峰;;固定化酵母菌對極低濃度鍶離子的吸附研究[A];中國礦物巖石地球化學學會第12屆學術年會論文集[C];2009年

3 李U喦

本文編號：2304536