【摘要】：水資源短缺是制約全球經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要因素,更是未來人類社會發(fā)展急需解決的大問題。城市污水再生可以改善水環(huán)境污染,還可以緩解水資源短缺的問題,是一種提高水資源的綜合利用率的有效手段。在本研究中,正常的膜生物反應(yīng)器(MBR)和發(fā)生絲狀菌污泥膨脹后的MBR同時運(yùn)行用來處理人工配制的廢水。本研究對比了發(fā)生絲狀菌膨脹前后,MBR出水水質(zhì)特征,并分析了污泥胞外聚合物(EPS)、溶解性微生物代謝產(chǎn)物(SMP)和出水溶解性有機(jī)物(DOM)的化學(xué)特性以及氯消毒過程中三鹵甲烷(THMs)的生成特性。MBR發(fā)生絲狀菌膨脹后,MBR出水的水質(zhì)受影響并不大。正常MBR出水的溶解性有機(jī)物的小分子量物質(zhì)(5 kDa)更多,約占所有分子量有機(jī)物的92.43%,而發(fā)生絲狀菌污泥膨脹后的MBR出水中小分子量物質(zhì)的占比大大減小,僅為75.18%。絲狀菌膨脹后MBR出水中的親水性物質(zhì)(HiS)占比大大增加,約占總體比例的三分之二,而正常MBR的出水則表現(xiàn)出更高的疏水性。MBR發(fā)生絲狀菌膨脹之后,出水中多糖和蛋白的比例大大上升。在絲狀菌MBR的出水中蛋白質(zhì)類的物質(zhì)、富里酸類的物質(zhì)和腐殖酸類的物質(zhì)要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于正常MBR的出水。絲狀菌MBR的出水經(jīng)過氯消毒之后的三鹵甲烷生成勢僅為正常MBR出水的30.15%,但同時絲狀菌MBR的出水表現(xiàn)出了更高的溴結(jié)合能力,所產(chǎn)生的三鹵甲烷氯消毒副產(chǎn)物(DBPs)有著更大的毒性。MBR出水有機(jī)物主要以慢反應(yīng)物質(zhì)為主,即大部分出水有機(jī)物與氯反應(yīng)需要較長期的過程。MBR出水、EPS和SMP中主要熒光性物質(zhì)為微生物代謝產(chǎn)物類物質(zhì);MBR出水中有機(jī)物以親水性物質(zhì)為主,疏水性物質(zhì)中以疏水性酸為主,且疏水性酸的THMs生成能力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于其他組分。另外,與EPS相比,SMP有較高的THMs生成能力,且氯消毒后生成的THMs的毒性較高。
[Abstract]:The shortage of water resources is an important factor restricting the development of global economy, and it is also an urgent problem for the development of human society in the future. Urban sewage regeneration can improve the pollution of water environment and alleviate the shortage of water resources. It is an effective means to improve the comprehensive utilization of water resources. In this study, normal membrane bioreactor (MBR) and filamentous sludge bulking (MBR) were used to treat artificial wastewater simultaneously. The characteristics of MBR effluent quality before and after filamentous expansion were compared. The chemical characteristics of soluble microbial metabolite (SMP) and soluble organic matter (DOM) in sludge extracellular polymer (EPS),) and the formation characteristics of trihalomethane (THMs) during chlorination were analyzed. After the filamentous expansion of MBR occurred, the effluent water of MBR was obtained. Quality is not affected much. The small molecular weight of dissolved organic matter (5 kDa) in normal MBR effluent was more, accounting for 92.43% of all molecular weight organic matter, while the proportion of medium and small molecular weight substances in MBR effluent after filamentous sludge bulking decreased greatly, only 75.18%. After the expansion of filamentous bacteria, the proportion of hydrophilic substance (HiS) in the effluent of MBR increased greatly, accounting for about 2/3 of the total proportion, while the effluent of normal MBR showed higher hydrophobicity. The ratio of polysaccharides to protein in the effluent increased greatly. The contents of protein, fulvic acid and humic acid in the effluent of filamentous MBR were much higher than those in the effluent of normal MBR. The formation potential of trihalomethane in effluent of filamentous MBR after chlorine disinfection was only 30.15 of that of normal MBR, but the effluent of MBR showed higher bromine binding ability. (DBPs), a by-product of trihalomethane disinfection, is more toxic. The main organic substances in MBR effluent are slow reactive substances. The main fluorescent substances in EPS and SMP were microbial metabolites, while in MBR effluent, hydrophilic substances were mainly hydrophilic substances, hydrophobic substances were hydrophobic acid, hydrophobic acid was the main hydrophobic substances, and the main fluorescent substances in EPS and SMP were microbial metabolites. And the hydrophobic acid THMs formation ability is much higher than other components. In addition, compared with EPS, SMP had higher THMs production ability and higher toxicity of THMs after chlorine disinfection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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