羽絨精洗回用水質(zhì)的檢測及對羽絨品質(zhì)的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-22 12:58
【摘要】：精洗是羽絨加工中的高耗水環(huán)節(jié),隨著羽絨產(chǎn)量的不斷增加和國內(nèi)外市場對精洗羽絨品質(zhì)的要求越來越嚴;精洗加工用水量和生產(chǎn)成本將會越來越高,精洗用水全部來自自來水越來越不符合企業(yè)發(fā)展的要求;所以對精洗羽絨排水進行必要的處理并回用于精洗工藝勢在必行。但回用水與自來水水質(zhì)存在很大的差異,本文通過對精洗羽絨排水、回用水、自來水的耗氧指數(shù)、透明度、含固率、洗滌發(fā)泡能力、穩(wěn)泡性能、電導(dǎo)率、pH等指標測試分析,結(jié)果表明:自來水質(zhì)明顯優(yōu)于回用水的,回用水質(zhì)顯著高于精洗羽絨未處理污水的,三者之間的洗滌發(fā)泡能力存在巨大差異,回用水的電導(dǎo)率、耗氧指數(shù)、透明度、pH、含固率、穩(wěn)泡性能、發(fā)泡能力的檢測體系能夠有效準確的評價其水質(zhì)質(zhì)量、去污效能的優(yōu)劣。通過對精洗回用水組成成分的分析探索,找出了主要成分對于水質(zhì)洗滌發(fā)泡能力的影響規(guī)律,并對回用水精洗后的羽絨品質(zhì)和羽絨的粉塵問題進行分析研究,找出回用水質(zhì)的洗滌發(fā)泡性能與精洗羽絨品質(zhì)的相關(guān)性,并對羽絨粉塵問題與精洗工藝的相關(guān)性進行了初探,進而得到較為合理的精洗工藝。具體研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)采用單因素分析法探討了主要成分物質(zhì)對水質(zhì)洗滌發(fā)泡能力的影響規(guī)律,鹽分物質(zhì)、水質(zhì)硬度、油脂濃度、陰離子表面活性劑濃度均對水質(zhì)洗滌發(fā)泡性能影響顯著;當水質(zhì)中含有的鹽分物質(zhì)濃度為0.5g/L左右,或含有的CaCl2濃度為0.lg/L左右,或含有的陰離子表面活性劑濃度為0.006g/L左右,它們分別對水質(zhì)洗滌發(fā)泡能力的抑制作用達到最大;當水質(zhì)中含有的油脂濃度為0.008g/L左右,其對水質(zhì)洗滌發(fā)泡能力的抑制作用較為顯著。(2)采用相同的精洗工藝,用不同的水質(zhì)分別精洗羽絨,測試精洗后羽絨的品質(zhì);且用優(yōu)化的工藝對羽絨進行精洗,測試精洗后羽絨的品質(zhì),實驗結(jié)果表明:水質(zhì)對于精洗羽絨的品質(zhì)影響顯著;在一定程度上,水質(zhì)的發(fā)泡能力越高,其去污能力越強,相同工藝條件下,精洗后的羽絨品質(zhì)較好。優(yōu)化的工藝能夠有效提高水質(zhì)的洗滌發(fā)泡能力,進而能夠有效的提高精洗后羽絨的品質(zhì)。(3)通過對羽絨粉塵進行提取和溶解實驗,以及對漂浮性粉塵的宏觀形貌、微觀斷面形貌進行顯微圖像的采集與分析。實驗結(jié)果表明:羽絨中的粉塵含量較低,粉塵可以分為可溶性、漂浮性兩大類。漂浮性粉塵的宏觀形貌類型主要有塊狀、桿狀、絲狀、不規(guī)則體狀;漂浮性粉塵斷口呈現(xiàn)平正整齊、層層剝離、原纖化、粉化等多種斷面形貌,羽絨粉塵與羽絨精洗加工工藝和品質(zhì)的有著密切的相關(guān)性。
[Abstract]:Fine washing is a high water consumption link in down processing. With the increasing production of down and the requirements of domestic and foreign markets for the quality of fine washing down, the water consumption and production cost of fine washing and processing will be higher and higher. All the water for fine washing comes from tap water, which is more and more not in line with the requirements of enterprise development, so it is imperative to treat the fine washing down drainage and reuse it in the fine washing process. However, there is a great difference between recycled water and tap water quality. This paper analyzes the indexes of fine washing down drainage, reusing water, tap water oxygen consumption index, transparency, solid content, washing foaming ability, foaming stability, conductivity, pH and so on. The results showed that the quality of tap water was obviously better than that of recycled water, and the water quality of recycled water was significantly higher than that of untreated sewage of fine washing down. There was a great difference in washing foaming ability among them. The conductivity, oxygen consumption index, transparency, and pH, solid content of recycled water were significantly different. The detection system of foam stability and foaming ability can evaluate the quality of water quality and decontamination efficiency effectively and accurately. Through the analysis and exploration of the composition of the fine washing and reusing water, the influence law of the main components on the washing foaming ability of the water quality was found out, and the quality of down and the dust problem of the down after the reuse water were analyzed and studied. The correlation between the washing foaming property of recycled water and the quality of fine washing down was found out, and the correlation between dusts and fine washing process was discussed, and a more reasonable fine washing process was obtained. The specific contents are as follows: (1) single factor analysis was used to study the influence of main components on the washing foaming ability of water quality, including salt, water hardness, oil concentration, etc. The concentration of anionic surfactants has a significant effect on the washing foaming performance of water, when the concentration of salt in water is about 0.5g/L, or the concentration of CaCl2 is about 0.lg/L, or the concentration of anionic surfactant is about 0.006g/L. When the concentration of oil in water is about 0.008g/L, the inhibitory effect on water quality washing foaming ability is obvious. (2) the same fine washing process is used. The quality of down after fine washing was tested with different water quality, and the quality of down after fine washing was tested with optimized technology. The experimental results showed that water quality had a significant effect on the quality of fine washing down. To a certain extent, the higher the foaming ability of water quality is, the stronger the decontamination ability is. Under the same technological conditions, the quality of fine washed down is better. The optimized process can effectively improve the washing and foaming ability of water quality, and then effectively improve the quality of down after fine washing. (3) through the extraction and dissolution experiments of down dust, as well as the macroscopic morphology of floating dust, The microscopic section morphology was collected and analyzed. The experimental results show that the dust content in down is low and the dust can be divided into two categories: soluble and floating. The macroscopic appearance types of floating dust mainly include block shape, rod shape, filamentous shape, irregular body shape; the fracture surface of floating dust presents a variety of cross-section morphology, such as plane and neat, layer by layer stripping, fibrillation, pulverization and so on. Down dust is closely related to the fine washing process and quality of down.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS941.775;X832
本文編號：2287224
[Abstract]:Fine washing is a high water consumption link in down processing. With the increasing production of down and the requirements of domestic and foreign markets for the quality of fine washing down, the water consumption and production cost of fine washing and processing will be higher and higher. All the water for fine washing comes from tap water, which is more and more not in line with the requirements of enterprise development, so it is imperative to treat the fine washing down drainage and reuse it in the fine washing process. However, there is a great difference between recycled water and tap water quality. This paper analyzes the indexes of fine washing down drainage, reusing water, tap water oxygen consumption index, transparency, solid content, washing foaming ability, foaming stability, conductivity, pH and so on. The results showed that the quality of tap water was obviously better than that of recycled water, and the water quality of recycled water was significantly higher than that of untreated sewage of fine washing down. There was a great difference in washing foaming ability among them. The conductivity, oxygen consumption index, transparency, and pH, solid content of recycled water were significantly different. The detection system of foam stability and foaming ability can evaluate the quality of water quality and decontamination efficiency effectively and accurately. Through the analysis and exploration of the composition of the fine washing and reusing water, the influence law of the main components on the washing foaming ability of the water quality was found out, and the quality of down and the dust problem of the down after the reuse water were analyzed and studied. The correlation between the washing foaming property of recycled water and the quality of fine washing down was found out, and the correlation between dusts and fine washing process was discussed, and a more reasonable fine washing process was obtained. The specific contents are as follows: (1) single factor analysis was used to study the influence of main components on the washing foaming ability of water quality, including salt, water hardness, oil concentration, etc. The concentration of anionic surfactants has a significant effect on the washing foaming performance of water, when the concentration of salt in water is about 0.5g/L, or the concentration of CaCl2 is about 0.lg/L, or the concentration of anionic surfactant is about 0.006g/L. When the concentration of oil in water is about 0.008g/L, the inhibitory effect on water quality washing foaming ability is obvious. (2) the same fine washing process is used. The quality of down after fine washing was tested with different water quality, and the quality of down after fine washing was tested with optimized technology. The experimental results showed that water quality had a significant effect on the quality of fine washing down. To a certain extent, the higher the foaming ability of water quality is, the stronger the decontamination ability is. Under the same technological conditions, the quality of fine washed down is better. The optimized process can effectively improve the washing and foaming ability of water quality, and then effectively improve the quality of down after fine washing. (3) through the extraction and dissolution experiments of down dust, as well as the macroscopic morphology of floating dust, The microscopic section morphology was collected and analyzed. The experimental results show that the dust content in down is low and the dust can be divided into two categories: soluble and floating. The macroscopic appearance types of floating dust mainly include block shape, rod shape, filamentous shape, irregular body shape; the fracture surface of floating dust presents a variety of cross-section morphology, such as plane and neat, layer by layer stripping, fibrillation, pulverization and so on. Down dust is closely related to the fine washing process and quality of down.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS941.775;X832
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