改性PVA-co-PE納米纖維膜用于重金屬吸附的研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-10-21 12:25
【摘要】:工業(yè)廢水中含有大量重金屬,因重金屬在自然環(huán)境中難降解且易在生物體中富集而成為全球關注的環(huán)境問題。所以,將污水排放入生態(tài)環(huán)境之前勢必要先去除其中的重金屬離子。因此,研究一種高效、可循環(huán)利用的吸附材料來用于治理重金屬污染是很有必要的。以現已工業(yè)化生產的PVA-co-PE納米纖維為基礎材料,制備出PVA-co-PE納米纖維膜。為提高羥基含量,將納米微晶纖維素噴涂于膜上。采用1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)對該復合納米纖維膜改性,在膜上接枝能螯合重金屬的羧基,通過SEM、ATR、XPS等測試手段來表征BTCA改性后的納米纖維膜。用BTCA改性膜對Pb(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)等金屬離子進行吸附,主要探究對Pb(Ⅱ)離子的吸附動力學及熱力學、對混合重金屬溶液吸附及膜的循環(huán)利用性能。與未改性的納米纖維膜相比,BTCA改性后的膜具有良好吸附Cr(Ⅵ)與Pb(Ⅱ)的能力,特別是BTCA改性后再經NaHCO_3處理,飽和吸附量和去除率大大增加。未經NaHCO_3處理的BTCA改性納米纖維膜對Pb(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量為19.23 mg/g,最大吸附百分比為61.87%。經NaHCO_3處理后的納米纖維膜對Pb(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量為52.89 mg/g,最大吸附百分比為99.2%。改性納米纖維膜對Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附動力學符合準二級吸附模型,即化學吸附,同時經NaHCO_3處理過的膜的吸附符合Freundlich吸附等溫線模型,而未處理的膜的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等溫線模型。在混合重金屬離子吸附中,BTCA改性納米纖維膜對Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附量及吸附百分比大幅度增強,而對Cr(Ⅵ)與Pb(Ⅱ)吸附量及吸附百分較單一金屬溶液吸附時要低。同時,用NaHCO_3處理后的膜,不僅是單一溶液還是混合溶液,吸附量和吸附百分比較未處理的膜要高很多。經處理后的BTCA改性復合膜在3次吸附-脫附循環(huán)中,保持了一定的可循環(huán)能力。另外,羅丹寧在Fe~(3+)作用下,在PVA-co-PE納米纖維膜上進行自聚合,納米纖維膜表面引入N、O、S等雜原子,從而具有吸附性能,通過SEM、ATR、XPS等測試手段來表征羅丹寧改性后的納米纖維膜。用羅丹寧改性膜對Pb(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)金屬離子進行吸附,主要探究對Hg(Ⅱ)的吸附動力學及熱力學、對混合金屬溶液吸附及膜的循環(huán)利用性能。該改性膜對Hg(Ⅱ)有較好的吸附能力,對Hg(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)最大吸附量分別為17.26 mg/g,3.834 mg/g,對應的最大吸附百分比為88.51%和7.473%。改性后的膜對Hg(Ⅱ)的吸附動力學符合準二級吸附模型,同時符合Langmuir吸附等溫線模型。在混合重金屬離子吸附中,Hg(Ⅱ)的存在促進了膜對Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附,吸附百分比增強,Hg(Ⅱ)吸附量下降,但吸附百分比不變,即在混合金屬離子條件下,改性膜仍可保持相同的去除能力。另外,經羅丹寧改性后的膜可循環(huán)能力一般,但具有優(yōu)良抗菌性。
[Abstract]:Industrial wastewater contains a large number of heavy metals, which is a global environmental problem because heavy metals are difficult to degrade in the natural environment and easy to be enriched in organisms. Therefore, it is necessary to remove heavy metal ions before sewage is discharged into the ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study a highly efficient and recyclable adsorption material for heavy metal pollution control. PVA-co-PE nanofiber membranes were prepared from PVA-co-PE nanofibers, which have been manufactured in industrial production. In order to increase the hydroxyl content, nano-crystalline cellulose was sprayed on the film. The composite nanofiber membrane was modified by (BTCA), then grafted onto the composite nanofiber membrane to chelate the carboxyl group of heavy metals. The modified nano-fiber membrane was characterized by SEM,ATR,XPS and other methods. Metal ions such as Pb (鈪,
本文編號:2285084
[Abstract]:Industrial wastewater contains a large number of heavy metals, which is a global environmental problem because heavy metals are difficult to degrade in the natural environment and easy to be enriched in organisms. Therefore, it is necessary to remove heavy metal ions before sewage is discharged into the ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study a highly efficient and recyclable adsorption material for heavy metal pollution control. PVA-co-PE nanofiber membranes were prepared from PVA-co-PE nanofibers, which have been manufactured in industrial production. In order to increase the hydroxyl content, nano-crystalline cellulose was sprayed on the film. The composite nanofiber membrane was modified by (BTCA), then grafted onto the composite nanofiber membrane to chelate the carboxyl group of heavy metals. The modified nano-fiber membrane was characterized by SEM,ATR,XPS and other methods. Metal ions such as Pb (鈪,
本文編號:2285084
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