【摘要】：重金屬污染土壤的電動(dòng)修復(fù)技術(shù)是通過將污染土壤置于電解槽中,然后在電解槽兩端施加一直流電壓,使得重金屬污染物在土壤顆粒表面解吸并進(jìn)入土壤孔隙液中,最后重金屬在電場(chǎng)中進(jìn)行定向遷移并從土壤中去除的一種土壤修復(fù)技術(shù)。本文以重金屬Cd污染土壤作為電動(dòng)修復(fù)試驗(yàn)研究對(duì)象,對(duì)模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤以及實(shí)際重金屬Cd污染土壤進(jìn)行電動(dòng)修復(fù)試驗(yàn)。研究了不同提取劑對(duì)模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤提取率的影響以及不同陰極電解液,不同修復(fù)電壓梯度,不同電動(dòng)修復(fù)時(shí)間對(duì)模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤的電動(dòng)修復(fù)的影響,在模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤的電動(dòng)修復(fù)過程中找到針對(duì)重金屬Cd污染土壤最佳的電動(dòng)修復(fù)參數(shù)。運(yùn)用該電動(dòng)修復(fù)參數(shù)對(duì)實(shí)際重金屬Cd污染土壤進(jìn)行了電動(dòng)修復(fù)試驗(yàn),進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證最佳電動(dòng)修復(fù)參數(shù)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:(1)在模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤的提取試驗(yàn)中,檸檬酸作為提取劑可以利用其絡(luò)合能力將污染土壤中的重金屬Cd有效提取出來,當(dāng)檸檬酸濃度為0.1mol/L時(shí),模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤中重金屬Cd的提取量最高可達(dá)746.15mg/kg,具有較好的提取效果;(2)在模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤的電動(dòng)修復(fù)過程中,陰極電解液的選取對(duì)陰極電解室pH的變化有直接的影響,最終可以影響到土壤中重金屬Cd的去除效果,試驗(yàn)表明當(dāng)選用0.1mol/L的Fe(NO3)3作為電動(dòng)修復(fù)的陰極電解液時(shí)可以對(duì)模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤達(dá)到較理想的修復(fù)效果;(3)當(dāng)選用1.5v/cm的電壓梯度對(duì)模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤進(jìn)行電動(dòng)修復(fù)時(shí),土壤中重金屬Cd的平均去除率達(dá)到90%以上;(4)當(dāng)對(duì)模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤進(jìn)行電動(dòng)修復(fù)時(shí),電動(dòng)修復(fù)時(shí)間為10d可以達(dá)到較好的修復(fù)效果,在此電動(dòng)修復(fù)時(shí)間下,既確保了模擬重金屬Cd污染紅壤的電動(dòng)修復(fù)效率又進(jìn)一步減少了能量的消耗;(5)利用得到的最佳電動(dòng)修復(fù)參數(shù)對(duì)實(shí)際重金屬Cd污染土壤進(jìn)行電動(dòng)修復(fù)試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明實(shí)際土壤中重金屬Cd的去除率達(dá)到了 55%以上,顯示了良好的修復(fù)效果,表明該電動(dòng)修復(fù)參數(shù)對(duì)重金屬Cd污染土壤的修復(fù)具有普遍適用性,在實(shí)際重金屬Cd污染土壤中有很多復(fù)雜的因素影響著電動(dòng)修復(fù)的效果,如本試驗(yàn)中所用的土壤為具有強(qiáng)酸性緩沖能力的堿性土壤,由于pH較高,電動(dòng)修復(fù)過程中土壤顆粒表面吸附的重金屬Cd不能有效的解吸并在電場(chǎng)作用下進(jìn)行有效電遷移,加入的檸檬酸飽和溶液通過與重金屬Cd的絡(luò)合作用可以提高重金屬Cd的去除率。
[Abstract]:The electrokinetic remediation technique for heavy metal contaminated soil is to desorb the contaminated soil on the soil particle surface and enter the soil pore fluid by placing the contaminated soil in an electrolytic cell and then applying a constant current voltage at the two ends of the electrolytic cell. Finally, a soil remediation technique for the directional migration of heavy metals in the electric field and their removal from the soil. In this paper, the heavy metal Cd contaminated soil was used as the research object of electric remediation experiment. The simulated heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil and the actual heavy metal Cd contaminated soil were treated with electric remediation test. The effects of different extractants on the extraction rate of simulated heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil and the effects of different cathode electrolyte, different repair voltage gradient and different electric repair time on the electric remediation of simulated heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil were studied. The best electrokinetic remediation parameters for heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil were found in the process of simulating heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil. The electric remediation parameters were used to test the actual heavy metal Cd contaminated soil in order to verify the best electric remediation parameters. The results are as follows: (1) in the extraction experiment of simulated heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil, citric acid can be used as extractant to extract the heavy metal Cd from contaminated soil effectively, when the citric acid concentration is 0.1mol/L, The extraction amount of heavy metal Cd from red soil contaminated by simulated heavy metal Cd can reach 746.15 mg / kg, which has better extraction effect. (2) in the process of electric remediation of simulated heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil, The selection of cathode electrolyte has a direct effect on the change of pH in cathode electrolytic chamber, and finally affects the removal effect of heavy metal Cd in soil. The results show that Fe (NO3) 3 of 0.1mol/L can be used as cathodic electrolyte to restore the red soil contaminated by Cd. (3) when the voltage gradient of 1.5v/cm is used to restore the red soil contaminated by Cd, the simulated heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil can be repaired by electrokinetic method. The average removal rate of heavy metal Cd in soil was more than 90%. (4) when the simulated heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil was repaired by electric method, the electric repair time of 10 days could reach a better effect. It not only ensures the electric recovery efficiency of simulated heavy metal Cd contaminated red soil, but also reduces the energy consumption. (5) using the optimum electric remediation parameters, the actual heavy metal Cd contaminated soil can be remedied by electric method. The experimental results show that the removal rate of heavy metal Cd in soil is over 55%, which indicates that the electric remediation parameters are applicable to the remediation of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil. In the actual heavy metal Cd contaminated soil, there are many complicated factors affecting the effect of electric remediation. For example, the soil used in this experiment is alkaline soil with strong acid buffer capacity, because of the high pH, The adsorption of heavy metal Cd on the surface of soil particles could not be effectively desorbed and effectively electromigrated under the action of electric field during the process of electrokinetic remediation. The addition of saturated citric acid solution could improve the removal rate of Cd by complexing with heavy metal Cd.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X53

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