南四湖流域非點(diǎn)源污染負(fù)荷估算及其對(duì)土地利用變化的響應(yīng)研究
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of human society and economy, the shortage of water resources is becoming more and more obvious in China, among which the decline of water quality caused by non-point source pollution is an important factor that causes the shortage of water resources. Non-point source pollution not only causes water quality deterioration and eutrophication, but also brings other ecological environmental problems, such as wetland degradation, which seriously threaten the production and life of human beings and the sustainable development of social economy. The research on the spatial and temporal pattern of non-point source pollution, the characteristics of zoning evolution and the impact of land use can provide important theoretical basis and technical support for watershed pollution prevention and sustainable development of ecological environment. Therefore, combined with remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (RS),) (GIS) and related non-point source pollution model, considering the influence factors such as land use type, livestock and poultry breeding and population, the regional non-point source pollution load is studied qualitatively and quantitatively. The analysis of its spatial distribution pattern and the key research on the influencing factors of land use can promote the sustainable development of regional resources and environment, and promote the coordinated development of human production and life and social economy. Taking Nansihu Basin as the research object, based on 3s technology, using output coefficient model and isometric pollution load method, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of non-point source pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in the basin from 1990 to 2013 were analyzed. The main pollutants of non-point source pollution, the main pollution sources and the most active units affecting the change of TN,TP were discussed. The evolution of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution control zoning was analyzed by cluster analysis. By means of land use change amplitude analysis, dynamic degree analysis, spatial dynamic analysis and transfer matrix analysis, the trend of land use change has been analyzed since 1990. The response of non-point source pollution load to land use change in the last 24 years was analyzed by using the concepts of contribution rate and unit contribution rate index. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) from 1990 to 2013, the annual average emissions of TN and TP from non-point sources in Nansihu Basin were 182660.43 t / a and 10335.53 t / a, respectively. Land use is the main pollution source of TN;TN, and the main pollution source of TP is agricultural life and livestock and poultry breeding. Precipitation is the most active unit that affects the change of TN,TP. (2) the non-point source pollution degree of non-point source TN,TP in Nansihu Lake basin is not uniform. On the whole, the pollution degree in the western part of the lake is more serious than that in the eastern part of the lake, and the regional difference of the pollution degree has a tendency to decrease. Huxi area is the key control area, while the North Shahe River Basin, Guangfuhe River Basin and Liangji Canal Basin are the priority control and key control areas. (3) among the six land use types, the area of construction land and water area has increased, and the cultivated land, forest land and grassland have been increased. The area of unused land was decreased, and the order of change was as follows: land for construction land, water, woodland and grassland were unused; UCI could reflect the impact of land use on non-point source pollution more objectively than the contribution rate. The effect of cultivated land on non-point source pollution is higher than that of other land use types.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:F301.24;X52
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