【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,污水處理廠的規(guī)模越來越大,污泥產(chǎn)量也在與日俱增,由于污泥的成分復雜,含水量巨大,污泥的處理處置成為一個重要的環(huán)境問題。鋼鐵行業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了大量的酸洗廢液(Waste Pickling Liquor,WPL),廢液中含有豐富的廢酸以及一些金屬等物質(zhì),一旦處理不當就會嚴重污染環(huán)境,同時也是對資源的一種極大浪費。本文旨在利用WPL對污泥進行調(diào)理,既實現(xiàn)了WPL的資源化利用,又能夠解決污泥處理的難題,達到以廢治廢的目的。實驗將WPL作為藥劑用于提高污泥的脫水性能,同時將聚丙烯酰胺(Polyacrylamide,PAM)、FeCl3、AlCl3、聚合氯化鋁(Poly Aluminium Chloride,PAC)用于污泥調(diào)理,以污泥比阻(Specific Resistance to Filtration,SRF)、毛細吸水時間(Capillary Suction Time,CST)、泥餅含水率、污泥脫水率作為評價指標,比較研究了單獨調(diào)理和聯(lián)合調(diào)理對污泥脫水性能的影響,闡述了各自的作用機理,并對最佳條件下的污泥沉降性能、絮體形貌進行分析,進行效益分析。主要方法與結(jié)果如下:(1)用PAM藥劑單獨調(diào)理污泥,對PAM分子量、濃度、種類進行篩選,發(fā)現(xiàn)分子量為1200萬、質(zhì)量分數(shù)0.1%的陽離子聚丙烯酰胺(Cationic polyacrylamide,CPAM)比阻SRF最小,對污泥調(diào)理效果最好。CPAM在70 mg/L時有最佳投加量,最大程度提升了污泥脫水性能。用FeCl3、AlCl3、PAC、WPL單獨調(diào)理污泥,投加量分別為3.5 g/L、4 g/L、6 g/L、7 g/L時污泥各項評價指標基本達到最好,明顯改善污泥脫水性能。(2)在單一藥劑對污泥調(diào)理的基礎上,以CPAM和FeCl3、AlCl3、PAC對污泥的聯(lián)合調(diào)理為對照,研究了CPAM和WPL聯(lián)合調(diào)理時投加量、投加順序等因素對污泥脫水效果的影響,并進行正交驗證,證明了藥劑聯(lián)合調(diào)理時的效果要優(yōu)于各自的單獨調(diào)理,投加順序?qū)ξ勰嗝撍阅苡绊戄^大。CPAM與FeCl3聯(lián)合調(diào)理污泥,在投加量分別為50 mg/L、1.5 g/L時脫水性能最好;CPAM與Al Cl3聯(lián)合調(diào)理污泥,在投加量分別為60 mg/L、1.0 g/L時脫水性能最好;CPAM與PAC聯(lián)合調(diào)理污泥,在投加量分別為60mg/L、1.0 g/L時脫水性能最好;CPAM與WPL聯(lián)合調(diào)理污泥時,在投加量分別為60 mg/L、1.1g/L時脫水性能最好,各項評價指標最優(yōu),污泥改善率最高。CPAM與其它藥劑聯(lián)合調(diào)理污泥時,先投加藥劑,再投加CPAM的投加順序能夠使污泥改善率更大,脫水效果更好。(3)將原污泥、最佳條件下的CPAM以及各個藥劑聯(lián)合調(diào)理的結(jié)果做污泥沉降性能、絮體形貌分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)污泥經(jīng)CPAM調(diào)理后沉降性能明顯提高,絮體結(jié)構(gòu)較穩(wěn)定,脫水性能較好;經(jīng)聯(lián)合調(diào)理后的污泥更易沉降,絮體更加致密穩(wěn)定,脫水性能得到進一步提高;WPL與CPAM聯(lián)合調(diào)理具有良好的經(jīng)濟效益和環(huán)境效益。綜合上述研究成果,通過酸洗廢液和其它藥劑對污泥的調(diào)理研究比較,認為將酸洗廢液應用于污泥調(diào)理是可行且有效的,能夠一定程度的實現(xiàn)污泥與酸洗廢液的可利用化和資源化。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the scale of sewage treatment plant is becoming larger and larger, and the sludge output is also increasing. Because of the complex composition of sludge and huge water content, sludge treatment and disposal has become an important environmental problem. The rapid development of iron and steel industry has produced a large number of acid pickling waste liquid (Waste Pickling Liquor,WPL). The waste liquid contains abundant waste acid and some metal substances. Once the treatment is improper, it will seriously pollute the environment, and it is also a great waste of resources. The purpose of this paper is to use WPL to regulate sludge, which not only realizes the resource utilization of WPL, but also solves the problem of sludge treatment, and achieves the purpose of treating waste with waste. WPL was used as agent to improve sludge dewatering performance. Polyacrylamide (Polyacrylamide,PAM) and FeCl3,AlCl3, polyaluminum chloride (Poly Aluminium Chloride,PAC) were used in sludge conditioning, sludge specific resistance (Specific Resistance to Filtration,SRF), capillary water absorption time (Capillary Suction Time,CST), mud cake moisture content. Sludge dewatering rate was used as evaluation index. The effects of single conditioning and combined conditioning on sludge dewatering performance were compared and studied. The mechanism of sludge dewatering was discussed. The sludge settling performance and floc morphology under optimum conditions were analyzed. Carry out benefit analysis. The main methods and results are as follows: (1) the molecular weight, concentration and type of PAM were screened by using PAM reagent to treat sludge alone. The results showed that the specific resistance of cationic polyacrylamide (Cationic polyacrylamide,CPAM) with molecular weight of 12 million and 0.1% of mass fraction was the smallest. The optimum dosage of CPAM was 70 mg/L, and the sludge dewatering performance was greatly improved. When the sludge was treated with FeCl3,AlCl3,PAC,WPL alone and the dosage was 3.5g / L ~ 4 g / L ~ (-1) / L ~ (6) g / L ~ (7) g 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) ~ (-1), the sludge dewatering performance was improved obviously. (2) on the basis of the sludge conditioning by a single agent, The effects of the dosage and sequence of CPAM and WPL on sludge dewatering were studied by using the combined conditioning of CPAM and FeCl3,AlCl3,PAC as the control, and the orthogonal test was carried out. The results show that the effect of combined conditioning is better than that of their individual conditioning, and the addition order has a great influence on sludge dewatering performance. When the dosage of CPAM and FeCl3 is 50 mg/L,1.5 / L, the dewatering performance of sludge is the best, and that of CPAM and Al Cl3 is the best. When the dosage is 60 mg/L,1.0 / L, the dehydration performance is the best; when the dosage of CPAM and PAC is 60 mg / L, the dehydration performance is the best; when the dosage is 60 mg / L, respectively, the dehydration performance is the best; when the dosage of CPAM and WPL is 60 mg/L,1.1g/L, the dehydration performance is the best. When the sludge was treated with CPAM and other chemicals, the sludge improvement rate was the highest and the sludge improvement rate was the highest. (3) when the sludge was treated with CPAM and other chemicals, the sludge improvement rate was greater and the dewatering effect was better. The results of CPAM and combined conditioning of various agents under the optimum conditions were used to analyze the sedimentation performance of sludge and the morphology of flocs. It was found that the settling performance of sludge was obviously improved after CPAM conditioning, the flocs structure was stable, and the dehydration performance was better. The sludge can be settled more easily, the flocs are more compact and stable, the dehydration performance is further improved, and the combined treatment of WPL and CPAM has good economic and environmental benefits. Based on the above research results, it is considered that it is feasible and effective to apply acid pickling waste liquid to sludge conditioning by comparing the treatment of sludge with acid pickling waste liquid and other chemicals. It can realize the utilization and resource of sludge and pickling liquid to a certain extent.
【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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