【摘要】：研究目標(biāo):基于近年來(lái)新疆農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)和城市化建設(shè)的飛速發(fā)展,對(duì)地表水環(huán)境產(chǎn)生一定的影響,本研究以瑪納斯河流域的瑪河三個(gè)斷面、蘑菇湖、大泉溝、夾河子為研究對(duì)象,研究地表水中重金屬含量的污染情況,分析污染程度和污染來(lái)源,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)。研究?jī)?nèi)容:(1)、石河子地區(qū)地表水重金屬的含量及其來(lái)源分析。(2)、石河子地區(qū)地表水中重金屬元素空間分布規(guī)律及其特征。(3)、對(duì)照水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)價(jià)該研究區(qū)地表中重金屬含量的適用性。(4)、針對(duì)重金屬污染提出的預(yù)防和治理污染的建議和措施。研究意義:在水資源日益緊張和工業(yè)日益發(fā)達(dá)的的背景下,研究新疆石河子地區(qū)地表水中重金屬的污染程度,可為石河子地區(qū)以及周邊城市安全合理調(diào)配水資源提供數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ),對(duì)于促進(jìn)工業(yè)和生活造成的水體污染有一定的警示作用,同時(shí)研究水體重金屬污染對(duì)于水資源的開發(fā)利用和可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。研究成果:(1)通過(guò)對(duì)不同采樣點(diǎn)的檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,表明其地表水中的Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb濃度均未超標(biāo),且各采樣點(diǎn)的重金屬濃度變化不大。少數(shù)點(diǎn)位(蘑菇湖、大泉溝)含量略高,但都小于地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量II級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(2)從Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb在地表水中的濃度差異和主要分布情況來(lái)看,雖然Cu和Zn的含量均未超標(biāo),但是濃度相對(duì)偏高,研究其分布情況,污染源主要是來(lái)自工業(yè)排放和農(nóng)排水。(3)石河子地區(qū)蘑菇湖和大泉溝水庫(kù)兩個(gè)點(diǎn)位的地表水中重金屬Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的濃度均比石河子地區(qū)要高,由于石河子地區(qū)蘑菇湖是城市廢水排放的主要區(qū)域,因此進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了人類的生活以及生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)排放是磨菇湖和大泉溝水庫(kù)重金屬含量增大的主要因素。(4)分別對(duì)蘑菇湖水庫(kù)進(jìn)水區(qū)水體下層的重金屬監(jiān)測(cè)分析得知,其重金屬濃度含量要高于其它采樣點(diǎn),尤其Pb濃度較高,通過(guò)污染指數(shù)評(píng)價(jià)得知,水體重金屬含量都符合國(guó)家Ⅳ級(jí)水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,該區(qū)域水源可以滿足農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖的用水需求。
[Abstract]:Research objectives: based on the rapid development of agriculture, industry and urbanization in Xinjiang in recent years, the surface water environment has been affected to a certain extent. The pollution of heavy metals in surface water was studied, the pollution degree and source were analyzed, and the comprehensive evaluation was carried out. The contents and sources of heavy metals in surface water of Shihezi area were analyzed. (2) the spatial distribution and characteristics of heavy metal elements in surface water of Shihezi area. (3) the surface heavy metals in the study area were evaluated according to the water quality standard. Applicability of quantity. (4) suggestions and measures to prevent and control pollution caused by heavy metal pollution. Research significance: under the background of increasing water resources shortage and industrial development, studying the pollution degree of heavy metals in the surface water of Shihezi area, Xinjiang, can provide a data basis for the safe and rational allocation of water resources in Shihezi area and surrounding cities. It has a certain warning function to promote water pollution caused by industry and daily life. At the same time, the study of heavy metal pollution in water body has important theoretical and practical significance for the development and utilization of water resources and sustainable development. The results are as follows: (1) through the statistical analysis of the data of different sampling points, the results show that the concentration of Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb in surface water is not over the standard, and the concentration of heavy metals in each sampling point has little change. The content of a few sites (mushroom lake, Daquangou) is slightly higher, but it is smaller than the II grade standard of surface water environmental quality. (2) according to the concentration difference and main distribution of Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb in surface water, although the contents of Cu and Zn are not exceeding the standard, But the concentration of heavy metal Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd in the surface water of Shihezi area is higher than that in Shihezi area, and the concentration of heavy metal Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd in the surface water is higher than that in Shihezi area. As the mushroom lake in Shihezi area is the main area for municipal wastewater discharge, Therefore, it is further explained that the human life and the discharge of production activities are the main factors for the increase of heavy metal content in the Mushroom Lake and Daquangou Reservoir. (4) the monitoring and analysis of heavy metals in the lower layer of the water body in the influent zone of the Mushroom Lake Reservoir are made. The concentration of heavy metals was higher than that of other sampling sites, especially the concentration of Pb was higher. Through the evaluation of pollution index, it was found that the heavy metal contents in water all met the requirements of national grade 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2265824