苯系物污染含水層水位波動帶內(nèi)的物-化-生過程研究
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of petrochemical industry in recent years, the problem of petrochemical pollution in the environment is becoming more and more serious, especially the underground soil and water environment is latent and hidden because of its pollution. Once a problem is discovered, it usually has serious consequences that are irreparable. Benzene series have the characteristics of low density and insoluble in water, so they mainly migrate in underground environment. However, in the vicinity of groundwater surface, factors such as mining or recharge, fluctuation of river water level, rainfall and other factors promote the groundwater table to fall and rise repeatedly, forming the area of frequent change of groundwater level, which is called the fluctuation area of groundwater level. The migration and transformation of benzene series in this area are special because of the fluctuation of groundwater level and the resulting redox characteristics. In this paper, based on the National Natural Science Foundation project "the differentiation and evolution mechanism of BTEX in the groundwater level fluctuation zone under natural and air disturbance remediation", the indoor one-dimensional sand column simulation experiment is used to monitor the pollutants and various physics in the process of water level change. The change of chemical and biological characteristic indexes, the study on the attenuation law of benzene series in the fluctuation zone of groundwater level, and the discussion on the law of matter-meta-generation change in groundwater environment, The results of this study are helpful to better understand the transport and transformation process of pollutants in underground environment and thus provide a scientific theoretical basis for the study of pollutant removal. Through this laboratory experiment and systematic analysis of the obtained data, the following research results: 1: 1, the attenuation rate of toluene concentration migrating with water flow during water level fluctuation accords with the first order attenuation model, and the attenuation rate is different under different media conditions. The attenuation rate of toluene in medium sand and fine sand containing 10% clay was 6.4 mg L ~ (-1) d ~ (-1) and 5.3 mg L ~ (-1) d ~ (-1) respectively, while that in medium sand and fine sand containing 10% clay was only 0.57 mg L ~ (-1) d ~ (-1) 0.59 mg L ~ (-1) d ~ (-1). The residual amount of toluene under water level fluctuation is smaller than that of non-fluctuating condition. With the increase of cumulative water output, NO_3-Fe~ (3) SO_4~ (2-) CO_2 is the order of reduction reaction in different conditions. The transition time of redox electron receptor was later than that of non-fluctuating condition under fluctuating condition, and the time of redox electron receptor conversion in medium sand was later than that of clay medium. The species of microorganism changed in different degree with time under different conditions. Obvious changes have also taken place in the medium at different times. The variation of the number of microbial species under fluctuating conditions is greater than that under non-fluctuating conditions. The variation degree of microbial species in clay fine sand medium is greater than that in medium sand medium. Shannon exponent Simpson index and Pielou index show obvious different trend with time, water level fluctuation and non-fluctuation process. The main factors of toluene decay were physical action in the early stage and chemical-biological action in the latter stage, the quantitative analysis of microbial population and environmental factors showed that there was a significant positive correlation between organic matter content and OTU value. The particle size of the medium was positively correlated with the OTU value, and the specific surface area of the medium was negatively correlated with the OTU value. Under the condition of medium sand fluctuation, Pseudmonas strain had a strong correlation with TOC,NO_3-,SO_4~ (2-), which was influenced by their comprehensive influence. The correlation between Acinetobacter and HCO_3~-,NO_2-,Fe~ (3) was strong under the condition of fine sand and fluctuating clay, and the influence degree was high, and the physical and chemical factors of other bacteria species and environment were different.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:X131.2
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