【摘要】：本文通過對比分析法和相關性分析法和后向軌跡法和元素標識法,對新疆塔里木盆地南緣地區(qū)春季(4.15-5.4)和夏季(8.18-9.3)的質(zhì)量濃度和離子和元素和碳的數(shù)據(jù)進行了分地域和分季節(jié)和分沙塵天與非沙塵天的分析和探究,并在其中捕捉到兩次大的沙塵事件,對其進行后向軌跡及特征元素的追蹤探究。探究結(jié)果如下:(1)新疆南緣采樣站點在不同程度上均受到春季沙塵天氣的影響,且沙塵天占比最高可達100%。(2)夏季的顆粒物日濃度數(shù)據(jù)比春季有了大幅度的提高。且背景點位數(shù)據(jù)顯示背景點位質(zhì)量濃度的季節(jié)變化合理,顯示了其背景特征。(3)春季采樣期間,在4月19日和5月1日兩日抓到兩個重污染天,由PM10與PM2.5質(zhì)量濃度的權(quán)重排序可初步推斷本探究區(qū)域春季的沙塵源大概來自西方或北方。七地州PM10中的離子組成完全相同,主要離子均為SO42-和Cl-和Ca2+和Na+。阿克蘇地區(qū)離子成分最大,但阿克蘇總離子濃度基本不變,說明沙塵天并不能顯著改變空氣顆粒物中的離子濃度。新疆南緣探究區(qū)內(nèi)的二次有機碳污染十分嚴重,但背景點昌吉和對照點哈密的未受到風沙天氣的影響。春季沙塵天將本地的碳成分傳輸?shù)搅讼掠蔚貐^(qū),說明新疆主要地州的碳污染主要來自于本地源。元素數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果結(jié)合后向軌跡與Ca/Al比可知:4月19日PM10峰值的出現(xiàn)是由于外部沙塵源引起,沙塵起源并非塔克拉瑪干沙漠的本地源,且沙塵來源方向為北方和西方,且發(fā)源地和途經(jīng)地區(qū)并無大型沙漠。5月1日的沙塵氣團大概可判斷其傳播路徑為伊拉克-里海-伊朗-阿富汗-土庫曼斯坦-中國南緣喀什。由該兩條軌跡可初步推斷新疆南緣在春季風沙天時,受本地源污染并不嚴重,大部分沙塵均起源于中國北部和西部的一些相鄰國家,且發(fā)源地和沿途并未出現(xiàn)大型沙漠。
[Abstract]:In this paper, by means of comparative analysis, correlation analysis, backward trajectory method and element marking method, The data of mass concentration, ion and element and carbon in spring (4.15-5.4) and summer (8.18-9.3) in the southern margin of Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, were analyzed and explored in different regions and seasons. Two large sand and dust events were captured, and the tracing of the trace and characteristic elements was carried out. The results are as follows: (1) the sampling stations in the southern margin of Xinjiang are affected by the dust weather in spring to varying degrees, and the maximum ratio of dust to dust can reach 100%. (2) the daily concentration data of particulate matter in summer have greatly increased compared with that in spring. And the background data show that the seasonal variation of the mass concentration of background points is reasonable and shows its background characteristics. (3) during the spring sampling period, two heavily polluted days were caught on April 19 and May 1, respectively. According to the weight order of PM10 and PM2.5, we can infer that the dust source in spring in this study area probably comes from the west or north. The main ions in PM10 are SO42- and Cl-, Ca2 and Na. The ion composition in Aksu area is the largest, but the total ion concentration in Aksu is almost unchanged, which indicates that the dust day can not change the ion concentration in air particles significantly. The secondary organic carbon pollution in the southern edge of Xinjiang is very serious, but the background point Changji and the control point Hami are not affected by the wind and sand weather. The local carbon was transported to the lower reaches in spring, indicating that the carbon pollution mainly came from local sources in the main prefectures of Xinjiang. The results of element data analysis combined with Ca/Al show that the peak value of PM10 on April 19 was caused by external dust sources, which were not native sources of Taklimakan desert, and the direction of dust sources was north and west. There are no large deserts in the region of origin and passage. The path of dust and air mass on May 1 can probably be judged as Iraq-Caspian Sea Iran-Afghanistan-Turkmen and Kashgar on the southern margin of China. From these two tracks, it can be inferred that the southern margin of Xinjiang is not seriously polluted by local sources during the windy and sandy days in spring. Most of the dust originated from some neighboring countries in the north and west of China, and there are no large deserts in its origin and along the way.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X513

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