【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)方法處理木薯燃料乙醇生產(chǎn)廢水后,仍有大量高濃度的高氮低碳廢水未能得到妥善處理,嚴(yán)重影響到我國的水環(huán)境,越來越高的水質(zhì)排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也對污水脫氮工藝提出了新要求。厭氧氨氧化作為一種高效節(jié)能的新型自養(yǎng)生物脫氮工藝,具有無需外加碳源、污泥產(chǎn)量低等優(yōu)點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了氨氮的最短途徑轉(zhuǎn)化。通過研究以期對天冠集團(tuán)廢水厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)器的工程實(shí)踐應(yīng)用作出有益的改進(jìn)。研究對比了好氧硝化污泥和厭氧消化污泥不同接種比例下,氨態(tài)氮、亞硝態(tài)氮和硝態(tài)氮濃度和去除率的變化,篩選出厭氧氨氧化污泥菌種的最佳富集方式。采用UASB反應(yīng)器,處理天冠集團(tuán)木薯燃料乙醇生產(chǎn)廢水,選擇和控制適合厭氧氨氧化菌生長的有利條件,尋求最佳的調(diào)控因素和運(yùn)行參數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)低C/N比廢水的經(jīng)濟(jì)高效處理,完成廢水厭氧氨氧化處理工藝改進(jìn)。并通過調(diào)節(jié)進(jìn)水的pH值和反應(yīng)溫度,解析氨氮濃度與pH值、反應(yīng)溫度和運(yùn)行時間之間的作用規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明：1.在模擬的ASBR反應(yīng)器中接種不同比例的厭氧消化泥和好氧硝化泥,通過調(diào)控進(jìn)水氨氮與亞硝酸鹽氮的含量,分析出水基質(zhì)濃度,實(shí)現(xiàn)厭氧氨氧化菌的快速富集培養(yǎng)。通過對比發(fā)現(xiàn),接種好氧硝化泥的反應(yīng)器最先開始厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng),接種厭氧消化泥的反應(yīng)器則耗時最長,其余接種不同比例厭氧消化泥與好氧硝化泥混合污泥三種比例的反應(yīng)器,則是隨著厭氧消化泥比例的增加厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)的啟動速度逐漸變慢,這說明工業(yè)中厭氧氨氧化菌的快速富集培養(yǎng)以接種好氧硝化泥更為有利。2.在有效容積為12L的UASB反應(yīng)器中接種已具有一定厭氧氨氧化活性的污泥,保持進(jìn)水pH值7.5左右,反應(yīng)器溫度35℃,通過在不同階段增加進(jìn)水氨氮和亞硝酸鹽氮濃度,改變水力停留時間,可70 d成功啟動厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)。3.在UASB反應(yīng)器成功啟動并且穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的基礎(chǔ)上,通過改變進(jìn)水pH值和反應(yīng)器溫度,每隔12h測定反應(yīng)器中基質(zhì)濃度,研究pH值和溫度對氨氮去除效果的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,pH值為7.5、溫度在30～35℃時氨氮去除效果最佳,氨氮去除率高達(dá)87.88%,在厭氧氨氧化菌生長適宜的范圍之內(nèi),并且符合工業(yè)要求。4.對運(yùn)行時間、進(jìn)水pH值及溫度對出水氨氮濃度的影響進(jìn)行多元回歸分析,以運(yùn)行時間、進(jìn)水pH值及溫度為自變量,以出水氨氮濃度為因變量,得到回歸方程模型：y=-464.5535154+28.73789971x3-0.077251892x1x3-7.475279169x2x3 +0.010083796x1x2x3+16.04656061x22+0.445154394x23溫度是影響厭氧氨氧化反應(yīng)出水氨氮濃度的主要影響因素,溫度與運(yùn)行時間、溫度與pH值的協(xié)同作用共同影響出水氨氮濃度。運(yùn)行時間、溫度及pH值三個變量可以影響出水氨氮濃度的84.29%,其余的15.71%可能是由其他因素來影響。根據(jù)天冠污水pH和溫度的不同,可以根據(jù)所建立的模型,適當(dāng)調(diào)控運(yùn)行時間,從而達(dá)到最佳除氮效果。
[Abstract]:After the traditional treatment of cassava fuel ethanol production wastewater, there are still a large number of high concentration of high nitrogen and low carbon wastewater can not be properly treated, which seriously affects the water environment in China. Higher and higher water quality standards also put forward new requirements for wastewater denitrification process. As a new autotrophic biological denitrification process with high efficiency and energy saving, anaerobic ammonia oxidation has the advantages of no additional carbon source, low sludge yield and so on. The purpose of this study is to improve the engineering practice of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor for the wastewater of Tianguan Group. The concentration and removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were compared between aerobic nitrifying sludge and anaerobic digested sludge in different inoculation ratio, and the best enrichment mode of anaerobic ammonia oxidized sludge was selected. The UASB reactor was used to treat cassava fuel ethanol wastewater from Tianguan Group. The favorable conditions suitable for the growth of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were selected and controlled. The optimal control factors and operation parameters were sought to realize the economical and efficient treatment of low C / N ratio wastewater. The process of anaerobic ammonia oxidation of wastewater was improved. By adjusting the pH value and reaction temperature of influent, the effect of ammonia nitrogen concentration on pH value, reaction temperature and operation time was analyzed. The results of the study show that 1: 1. Different proportion of anaerobic digestible sludge and aerobic nitrification sludge were inoculated in simulated ASBR reactor. The concentration of water matrix was analyzed by adjusting the content of influent ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, and the rapid enrichment culture of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was realized. By comparison, it was found that the reactor inoculated with aerobic nitrifying sludge first began the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, while the reactor inoculated with anaerobic digested sludge took the longest time. The other reactors inoculated with different proportion of mixed sludge of anaerobic digestible sludge and aerobic nitrification sludge, the start-up speed of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction became slower with the increase of anaerobic digested sludge ratio. This indicated that the rapid enrichment and culture of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in industry to inoculate aerobic nitrification sludge was more advantageous. In a 12L UASB reactor, sludge with certain anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity was inoculated, the influent pH value was kept around 7.5, the reactor temperature was 35 鈩，

本文編號：2241563