【摘要】：本文采用單因子指數(shù)法對向海濕地和查干湖濕地水質(zhì)狀況進(jìn)行評價(jià),評價(jià)結(jié)果顯示查干湖濕地整體水質(zhì)污染程度較向海濕地嚴(yán)重。研究區(qū)域的浮游植物群落分布特征表明,向海濕地共檢出綠藻門(39.76%)、硅藻門(36.75%)、藍(lán)藻門(12.05%)、裸藻門(7.83%)、甲藻門(3.01%)、隱藻門(0.60%)浮游植物共6門166種,查干湖濕地共檢出綠藻門(52.67%)、硅藻門(24.43%)、藍(lán)藻門(12.21%)、裸藻門(7.63%)、甲藻門(2.29%)、隱藻門(0.76%)浮游植物共6門131種,浮游植物的群落結(jié)構(gòu)分布較為相似,均以藍(lán)藻門浮游植物的豐度最大,其次為綠藻門、硅藻門和隱藻門,與向海濕地相比,查干湖濕地檢出浮游植物種類及優(yōu)勢種均偏少,各門的檢出種類數(shù)量存在一定差異。利用CANOCO4.5軟件提供的冗余分析(Redundancy Analysis,RDA)研究影響向海濕地和查干湖濕地浮游植物分布的主要水環(huán)境因子,結(jié)果顯示pH、TP、BOD和碳酸氫鹽為影響向海濕地浮游植物分布的主要水環(huán)境因子,而pH、TP、TN、DO和BOD為影響查干湖濕地浮游植物分布的主要水環(huán)境因子。同時(shí)從向海濕地和查干湖濕地區(qū)域土地利用程度和補(bǔ)水特征分析了兩個(gè)濕地浮游植物群落結(jié)構(gòu)差異性產(chǎn)生的原因,向海濕地主要補(bǔ)水來源為洮兒河,而查干湖濕地補(bǔ)水主要為松花江引水和農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉退水,初步分析顯示,區(qū)域土地利用程度及補(bǔ)水水質(zhì)是造成向海濕地和查干湖濕地浮游植物群落結(jié)構(gòu)和水環(huán)境因子存在差異的主要原因之一。本論文的研究可為向海和查干湖濕地主要湖泊水環(huán)境評價(jià)及保護(hù)提供基礎(chǔ)資料和生物學(xué)依據(jù),同時(shí)為分析濕地浮游植物的水環(huán)境影響因子提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:The water quality of Xianghai wetland and Chagan Lake wetland is evaluated by single factor index method. The results show that the overall water pollution of Chagan Lake wetland is more serious than that of Xianghai wetland. The distribution characteristics of phytoplankton community showed that there were 6 phylum 166 species of phytoplankton, including Chlorophyta (39.76%), diatom (36.75%), Cyanophyta (12.05%), Phaeophyta (7.83%), Chlorophyta (3.01%) and Cryptophyta (0.60%) in Xianghai wetland. Chlorophyta (52.67%), diatom (24.43%), cyanobacteria (12.21%), Phaeophyta (7.63%), Prorophyta (2.29%), Cryptoplankton (0.76%), phytoplankton were detected in Chagan Lake Wetland. The phytoplankton community structure was similar, and the abundance of phytoplankton was the highest. The second is Chlorophyta, diatom and Cryptophyta. Compared with Xianghai Wetland, Chagan Lake wetland has less phytoplankton species and less dominant species, and there are some differences in the number of phytoplankton species detected in Chagan Lake Wetland. The main water environmental factors affecting the distribution of phytoplankton in Xianghai wetland and Chagan Lake wetland were studied by redundancy analysis (Redundancy Analysis,RDA) provided by CANOCO4.5 software. The results showed that pH,TP,BOD and bicarbonate were the main water environmental factors affecting the distribution of phytoplankton in Xianghai wetland. PH,TP,TN,DO and BOD were the main water environmental factors affecting phytoplankton distribution in Chagan Lake wetland. At the same time, the causes of the difference of phytoplankton community structure between Xianghai wetland and Chagan Lake wetland were analyzed from the characteristics of land use and water supplement. The main source of water supplement in Xianghai wetland was Taoer River. However, the catchment water in Chagan Lake wetland is mainly composed of Songhua River diversion and agricultural irrigation recuperation. Preliminary analysis shows that Regional land use degree and water quality are the main reasons for the difference of phytoplankton community structure and water environmental factors between Xianghai wetland and Chagan Lake wetland. The research in this paper can provide basic data and biological basis for water environment assessment and protection of main lakes in Xianghai and Chagan Lake wetlands, and also provide reference for analyzing the water environmental impact factors of wetland phytoplankton.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：Q948.8;X143

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