【摘要】：采用HPLC/MS/MS方法對(duì)渭河關(guān)中段(咸陽(yáng)至西安)表層水體中的抗生素進(jìn)行了檢測(cè)分析.水樣中共檢測(cè)出5類15種抗生素,檢出率在12.5%~100%,檢出濃度nd~270.60ng/L.與國(guó)內(nèi)外其他水域相比,渭河關(guān)中段表層水體中抗生素檢出濃度處于中等水平.檢測(cè)出的所有抗生素中,磺胺類(包含磺胺增效劑)7種,平均濃度113.68ng/L;大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類3種,平均濃度111.79ng/L;喹諾酮類3種,平均濃度20.55ng/L;林可酰胺類和四環(huán)素類各1種,平均濃度分別為23.81和25.66ng/L.磺胺類和大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類為渭河關(guān)中段水體中的主要抗生素.磺胺類抗生素的分布呈現(xiàn)上游中游下游,大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類呈現(xiàn)中游下游上游.來(lái)源分析表明禽畜養(yǎng)殖和水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖是大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類中游濃度較高的主要原因.而磺胺類殘留則在于生活污水和醫(yī)療廢水排放及禽類養(yǎng)殖.抗生素濃度與渭河同步水污染指標(biāo)進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,水體中ρ(ETM)(紅霉素)與ρ(TN)、ρ(CFX)(環(huán)丙沙星)和ρ(CTM)(克拉霉素)與ρ(NH3-N)呈顯著相關(guān),其他抗生素沒有明顯的相關(guān)關(guān)系.通過(guò)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)商值RQs對(duì)渭河關(guān)中段的抗生素殘留進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),環(huán)丙沙星(CFX)、氧氟沙星(OFX)和磺胺甲VA唑(SMX)的RQs≥1,對(duì)相應(yīng)物種表現(xiàn)為高風(fēng)險(xiǎn);諾氟沙星(NFX)、土霉素(OTC)、羅紅霉素(RTM)的0.1≤RQS1,對(duì)相應(yīng)物種則表現(xiàn)為中等風(fēng)險(xiǎn).
[Abstract]:HPLC/MS/MS method was used to detect and analyze antibiotics in the surface water of Weiheguan (Xianyang to Xi'an). A total of 5 kinds of 15 antibiotics were detected in water samples, and the detectable rate was 12. 5% and 100%, and the concentration of nd~270.60ng/L. was detected. Compared with other water areas at home and abroad, the concentration of antibiotics detected in surface water of Guanzhong section of Weihe River was at medium level. Of all the antibiotics detected, 7 were sulfonamides (including sulfonamide synergists) with an average concentration of 113.68 ng / L; three macrolides with an average concentration of 111.79 ng / L; three quinolones with an average concentration of 20.55 ng / L; and one type of lincomam and one type of tetracycline, The average concentrations were 23.81 and 25.66 ng / L, respectively. Sulfonamides and macrolides are the main antibiotics in the Guanzhong section of Weihe River. The distribution of sulfanilamide antibiotics in upper middle reaches and lower reaches, macrolides in middle reaches and lower reaches. Source analysis showed that livestock and aquaculture were the main reasons for the high concentration of macrolides in the middle reaches. Sulfanilamide residue lies in domestic sewage and medical wastewater discharge and poultry farming. Correlation analysis between antibiotic concentration and synchronous water pollution index of Weihe River showed that 蟻 (ETM) (erythromycin), 蟻 (TN), 蟻 (CFX) (ciprofloxacin) and 蟻 (CTM) (clarithromycin) were significantly correlated with 蟻 (NH3-N), but there was no significant correlation between other antibiotics. The antibiotic residues in Guanzhong section of Weihe River were evaluated by risk quotient (RQs). The RQs of ciprofloxacin (CFX), ofloxacin (OFX) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2222927